XVI CPAN DAYS
M1 (Aula Magna)
Madrid
El objetivo de estas Jornadas es reunir a la comunidad científica española integrada en la Agrupación CPAN (Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear) en torno a una discusión conjunta sobre la situación actual del campo y su prospectiva. Durante las jornadas habrá conferencias invitadas y presentaciones cortas de carácter científico sobre las distintas líneas de investigación que abarca el CPAN. Asimismo, en las jornadas se celebrarán reuniones de las diferentes redes y sesiones paralelas de discusión de las áreas del CPAN con el objeto de potenciar la cooperación de los grupos españoles de investigación y articular de forma conjunta las líneas prioritarias de actuación.
Las sesiones tendrán lugar en la Facultad de Física de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE: Ignazio Scimemi, Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra, Pía Zurita, María Delgado Mancheno, Carmelo Pérez Martín, Clara Álvarez Luna, José Alberto Ruiz Cembranos, Diego Rubiera-García, Marcos López Moya, Álvaro Álvarez Domínguez, Mercedes Martín Benito, Tomás Rodríguez, Luis Mario Fraile, Miriam Caballero Rodríguez, Marcos Llanos Expósito, Daniel Nieto, José Luis Contreras, Alex Cerviño, Dafne Martín, María Cividanes, Alberto Domínguez, Víctor Moya, Patricia Gutiérrez García, Sara Piloñeta, Daniel Díaz Fernández, Guillermo Portela, Alba Reyes Torrecilla, Alejandro Canoa Monsalve, Pablo Rabán, Álvaro Cendal García, María Pérez Garrote, Álvaro Parra, Juan José Sanz Cillero, Diego Voces, Dario Jaramillo, Enrica Bellocchi, Cayetano Soneira Landin
Nota de prensa en Tribuna Complutense
- Aarón Alejo
- Adrian Irles
- Adrian Rubio
- Adrian Sanchez Caballero
- Adrián Bembibre Fernández
- Adrián Moreno Sánchez
- Adrián Terrones Aragón
- Adrián Zazpe
- Alba Reyes Torrecilla
- Albert López Huertas
- Alberto Dominguez
- Alberto Escalante del Valle
- Alberto Martín Clavero
- Alberto Ruiz Jimeno
- Alejandro Canoa Monsalve
- Alejandro Soto Rodriguez
- Alejandro Sánchez Castillo
- Alejandro Vegas Díaz
- Alexandre Salas Bernárdez
- Alicia Calderon
- Alicia Reija
- Alvaro Tolosa-Delgado
- Amanda Nathali Nerio Aguirre
- Ana Rosario Cueto Gómez
- Antonio Dobado
- Antonio Pich
- Antonio Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo
- Arantza Oyanguren
- Arnau Rios Huguet
- Aurelio Juste
- Barbara Alvarez Gonzalez
- Beatriz Fernandez-Dominguez
- Begona de la Cruz
- Benedetta Brusasco
- Bernardo Bernardino Gameiro
- Berta Rubio
- Bruno Olaizola
- Carla Marin Benito
- Carlos Escobar Ibáñez
- Carlos Ferrera González
- Carlos Guerrero
- Carlos Marinas
- Carlos Miró Arenas
- Carlos Pena
- Carlos Salgado
- Carlos Vico Villalba
- Carmen Palomares
- Carmen Torres Muñoz
- Cayetano Soneira Landín
- Celso Martinez Rivero
- Cesar Domingo-Pardo
- Christophe Rappold
- Cibrán Santamarina Ríos
- Claire Prouve
- Clara Murgui
- Claudia Glasman
- Concepción Oliver
- Cristina Cabo Landeira
- Cristina Fernández Bedoya
- Cristobal Padilla
- Daniel Domenech Moya
- Daniel Díaz Mairena
- Daniel Estrada Acevedo
- Daniel Fernandez Ruiz
- Daniel Nieto Castaño
- David Alejandro Barón Ospina
- David Calonge González
- David Francisco Rentería Estrada
- David Godos Valencia
- David Mateos
- David Palacios Suárez-Bustamante
- Diana Navas Nicolás
- Diego Blas
- Diego Fernandez del Val
- Dorian Frycz
- Eduardo Picatoste Olloqui
- Elvira Martín Viscasillas
- Emanuela Musumeci
- Emilio Mendoza Cembranos
- Emma Torró Pastor
- Eric Madge
- Ernesto Arganda
- Esperanza Maya Barbecho
- Eugeni Graugés Pous
- Eusebio Sanchez
- Fernando Arias-Aragón
- Francesc Monrabal
- Francesco Giovanni Celiberto
- Francisco Salesa
- Fuensanta Vilches Bravo
- Gabriel de la Fuente Rosales
- Gabriel García De Lorenzo
- Gabriel Oliveira Corrêa
- Gabriela Llosa
- Gallas Torreira Abraham Antonio
- Germán Rodrigo
- Guillermo Portela Maller
- Gustavo Adolfo Alcalá Escalona
- Hector Alvarez Pol
- Hristijan Kochankovski
- Ignacio Redondo Fernandez
- Ignazio Scimemi
- Igor Oya
- Imma Riu
- Inés del Monte García
- Isabel Josa
- Isidro González Caballero
- Ismael Martel
- Ivan Cambon Bouzas
- Ivan Vila Alvarez
- Iñaki Rodríguez García
- Jacobo Asorey Barreiro
- Jacobo Ruiz de Elvira Carrascal
- Jaime Acosta Loza
- Javier Balibrea Correa
- Javier Cuevas
- Javier de Cruz Pérez
- Javier Fuentes-Martín
- Javier Galindo Guarch
- Javier López Miras
- Javier Martínez Martín
- Javier Rozalén Sarmiento
- Jesus Manuel Vizan Garcia
- Jesus Martin-Pintado
- Jesús Bartolomé Sarsa
- Jesús Sánchez Prieto
- Joaquin Gomez Camacho
- John Wendel
- Jonathan Machado-Rodríguez
- Jordi Capó
- Jorge Ayllón Torresano
- Jorge Casaus
- Jorge de Blas
- Jorge Lerendegui Marco
- Jorge Porrón Lafuente
- Jorge Romeo
- Jose Enrique Garcia Navarro
- Jose Hernandez
- Jose L. Tain
- Jose Miguel No Redondo
- Jose Ocampo Peleteiro
- Jose Udias
- Jose-Enrique García-Ramos
- Josep Flix
- Josh Renner
- José Antonio Briz Monago
- José Avellaneda
- José I. Crespo-Anadón
- José Ignacio Illana
- José Manuel Escalante Castro
- José Manuel Mena Valle
- Juan Alcaraz Maestre
- Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra
- Juan Antonio Fuster Verdu
- Juan Francisco González Linares
- Juan José Sanz-Cillero
- Juan Manuel Dávila Illán
- Juan Manuel Franco Patiño
- Juan Pablo Fernández Ramos
- Juan Palacios González
- Juan Terron
- julia vazquez escobar
- Julio Novoa Fernandez
- Julio Plaza del Olmo
- Konstantinos Pyretzidis
- Laura Molina Bueno
- Laura Moliner Martínez
- Laura Pérez-Molina
- Laura Segui Iglesia
- Licia Verde
- lidia carcedo
- Luca Fiorini
- Luca Marsili
- Ludovico Luzzi
- Luis Acosta
- Luis Caballero
- Luis Gil
- Luis Mario Fraile
- Luis Pascual
- Luis Ángel Tejedor Álvarez
- Lukas Calefice
- Manuel AGUILAR
- Manuel Asorey
- manuel caamaño fresco caamaño fresco
- Manuel González Hernández
- Marcel Vos
- MARCOS CERRADA
- Marcos López Moya
- Maria Dolores Rodriguez Frias
- Maria Jose Costa
- Maria Lainez
- Maria Martinez
- Maria Moreno Llácer
- Marina Cermeño Gavilán
- Martín Alcalde Martínez
- MaryCruz Fouz
- María Pia Zurita
- María Vieites Díaz
- Max Pallàs Solís
- Michel Sorel
- Miguel Angel Sanchis Lozano
- Miguel Lozano-González
- Miguel Obeso Menéndez
- Miguel Villaplana
- Miriam Caballero Rodríguez
- Mª Carmen Jiménez-Ramos
- Mª José Gracia Vidal
- Nataly Díaz
- Nicanor COLINO
- Nil Mont i Geli
- Nuria Rius
- Néstor Armesto
- Néstor González Gracia
- Núria Falcó Moreno
- Pablo González-Tarrío Vicente
- Pablo Martín Higueras
- Pablo Matorras
- Pablo Navarro Moreno
- Pablo Rabán Mondéjar
- Pablo Torres-Sánchez
- Patricia Sanchez Lucas
- Pau Novella
- Pedro Punta de la Herrán
- Pilar Hernandez
- Prasanna Kumar Dhani
- Ricardo Vazquez Gomez
- Rosa María Sandá Seoane
- Salvador Marti Garcia
- Samuel Andrea Giuliani
- Samuel Escrig López
- Samuel F. Romera
- Santiago Folgueras
- Santiago Gonzalez de la Hoz
- Santorelli Roberto
- Sara Piloñeta
- Sergio Blanco Fernández
- Sergio de la Cruz Alzaga
- Sergio Pastor
- Sergio Rodríguez Benítez
- Souad Batlamous
- Susana Cabrera Urbán
- Sven Heinemeyer
- Tamara Pardo Yanguas
- Tamara Vazquez Schröder
- Teresa Kurtukian Nieto
- Teresa Kurtukian Nieto
- Theopisti Dafni
- Tomás Raúl Rodríguez Frutos
- Valentina De Romeri
- Veronika Chobanova
- Vicent Mateu
- Victor Alcayne Aicua
- Victor Rollano Garcia
- Victoria Sánchez Sebastián
- Víctor Martínez Nouvilas
- Víctor Moya Zamanillo
- Xavier Vilasis-Cardona
- Yassid Ayyad
- Álvaro Jesús Quero Ballesteros
- Álvaro Lozano Onrubia
- Álvaro Parra López
- Ángel Morcillo Gómez
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FUTURE COLLIDERS FOR EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS
Zoom connection is available at: https://cern.zoom.us/j/69919100611?pwd=tZNOdKZF9rQajgVDJ85wrk5P3vmfHi.1
Moderadores: Carla Marin Benito (Universitat de Barcelona), Lourdes Urda (CIEMAT)-
11:00
Welcome and Intro 10mPonente: Carla Marin Benito (Universitat de Barcelona)
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11:10
Physics cases for Future Colliders 25mPonente: Rebeca Gonzalez Suarez (Uppsala University)
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ECFA ECR input for ESSPU + WGs (European view) 15mPonente: Emanuela Musumeci (IFIC)
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Spanish ECR survey results 20mPonente: Lourdes Urda (CIEMAT)
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ECR panel & open discussion 30m
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Red FNUC (Red Temática de Física Nuclear)Moderadores: Cesar Domingo-Pardo (IFIC (CSIC-University of Valencia)), Tomás Raúl Rodríguez Frutos (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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Welcome 5mPonente: Cesar Domingo-Pardo (IFIC (CSIC-University of Valencia))
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14:00
Status and physics opportunities of the ISOLDE Superconducting Recoil Separator ISRS 15m
Authors: I. Martel, MJG. Borge, I. Bustinduy, J. Cederkall, T. Kurtukian-Nieto, J. Resta-López, and O. Tengblad, for the ISRS collaboration.
Abstract
The HIE-ISOLDE facility accelerates a unique worldwide variety of radioactive ions up to collision energies close to 10 MeV/A. The physics program covers a broad range of nuclear structure studies, from shell-evolution to nuclear astrophysics. The ISOLDE Superconducting Recoil Separator (ISRS) [1, 2] will extend HIE-ISOLDE physics by providing unprecedented mass selectivity for in-beam and focal-plane spectroscopy. ISRS is an array of iron-free superconducting multifunction magnets, cooled by cryocoolers, integrated into a compact Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) particle storage ring where A/Q selectivity is achieved by combining the fragment cyclotron frequency and RF extraction with ToF and particle identification at the focal plane [3]. The ISRS collaboration has recently launched a R&D program funded by Spain. The ISRS concept can be extended for developing an exotic beam storage-ring to perform in-ring experiments with an internal target [4]. In this contribution we will review the physics opportunities and technical challenges of the ISRS spectrometer.
References
[1] I. Martel et al, Letter of Intent “Design study of a Superconducting Recoil Separator for HIE-ISOLDE”, INTC-I-228, 2021.
[2] ISRS web: www.uhu.es/isrs/
[3] J. Resta-López et al., “Design of a compact superconducting recoil separator for HIE-ISOLDE”. Proc. of IPAC 2023, TUPA050, 2023.
[4] K. Blaum et al., “Storage ring facility at HIE-ISOLDE”, Proposal INTC-O-014 (2012).
Ponente: Ismael Martel (Univesity of Huelva) -
14:15
Nuclear reactions studies at experimental Basic Nuclear Physics line at CNA: the case of 6Li +12 C reaction. 15m
The study of nuclear reactions involving heavy ions and light targets at low energies provides crucial information for the development and corroboration of different theories and models applied to astrophysical environments. The experimental Basic Nuclear Physics (FNB) line of National Accelerators Center (CNA), is being adapted and prepared with the aim of studding these reactions, taking advantage of the target development and characterization provided at the CNA and collaborating facilities. As a first step, the reaction of $^6Li+^{12}C$ at different energies around the Coulomb barrier, covering a wide angular range, has been measured.
In this talk it will be detailed the experimental setup employed for the $^6Li+^{12}C$ reaction measurement at CNA and the preliminary results of the data analysis carried out will be presented and discussed. Finally, the perspectives of the future work related to the experimental setup for other nuclear reactions studies at the FBN experimental line will be presented.
Ponente: Alejandro Vegas Díaz (Universodad de Sevilla -CNA) -
14:30
Neutron capture cross-section measurement of 146Nd(n,γ) @ n_TOF-EAR2 15m
The measurement of neutron capture cross sections provides important nuclear data for the study of astrophysical phenomena, such as the slow neutron capture (s-) process, one of the main mechanisms of nucleosynthesis for isotopes heavier than $^{56}$Fe, which operates in red-giant and massive stars.
Time-of-fight facilities, such as n_TOF, provide point-wise cross sections covering the full energy range of astrophysical interest, which are essential for the study of the s- process.
This facility is specially well equipped for the study neutron capture cross sections with three complementary experimental areas: EAR1 [1] for TOF measurements of high neutron energy resolution, EAR2 [2] for TOF measurements with high luminosity, and the new NEAR facility [3] which provides a very high neutron flux as a quasi-stellar beam for activation measurements.This contribution focuses on a recent experimental campaign [4], at EAR2-n_TOF, where a high-sensitivity setup [5], was used to measure the $^{146}$Nd(n,γ) cross section. This cross section is of special interest since s-process stellar model calculations using the reference (n,g) rates (or Maxwellian Averaged Cross section, MACS) data, by Bao et al. [6], based on measurements by Wisshak [7], show discrepancies with precise observational data from pre-solar stardust SiC grains, [8,9,10]. These discrepancies are removed when using stellar model calculations with an enhancement of 15\% of the $^{146}$Nd capture cross section, being especially sensitive to the variation at stellar temperatures (kT = 8 keV).
This contribution details the experimental methodology and the preliminary capture yield of this recent campaign, which had the primary objective of analysing the resolved resonance region (RRR) of 146Nd up to 5 keV, for the first time based on TOF data.An outlook into a complementary campaign on the activation of $^{146}$Nd(n,γ), yielding $^{147}$Nd with a suitable half-life (≈11d) to directly determine the MACS, will be included. This campaign will take place in two facilities, being one of the first measurements at NEAR, a new facility still under characterisation, and another in the well established kT= 25 keV stellar spectrum at HiSPANoS-CNA [11], which uses the 7Li(p,n) reaction. The activation measurements will allow cross-check the data from the TOF data in the keV range of interest for astrophysics.
(1) C. Guerrero et al., European Physical Journal A 49 (2013)
(2) C. Weiss et al., Nucl. Inst. Methods A, 799, 90-98 (2015)
(3) N. Patronis et al., arXiv:2209.04443 (2022)
(4) J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., CERN-INTC-2023-055, INTC-P-671 (2024)
(5) J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., EPJ Web Conf. 284, 01028 (2023)
(6) Z.Y. Bao et al., Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables 76, 70 (2000)
(7) K. Wisshak et al., Phys. Rev. C 57, 391 (1998)
(8) S. Richter et al., Abstracts Lunar and Planetary Science Conf., 23, 1147, (1992)
(9) T.R. Ireland et al., Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 221, 200-218 (2018)
(10) Q.Z. Yin et al., The Astrophysical Journal, 647, 676–684 (2006)
(11) M.A. Millán-Callado et al., Radiation Physics and Chemistry 217 (2024)Ponente: Bernardo Bernardino Gameiro (Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC)) -
14:45
Measurement of 27Al(alpha,n)30P reaction cross-section at CMAM using the miniBELEN neutron counter 15m
The production of neutrons through α-induced reactions play an important role in fields such as nuclear astrophysics, underground laboratories, fission and fusion reactors and non-destructive assays for non- proliferation and spent fuel management applications. However, most of the currently available experimental data was measured decades ago, is incomplete and/or present large discrepancies not compatible with the declared uncertainties. New measurements addressing the actual needs are, therefore, required [1]. To that end the Measurement of Alpha Neutron Yields and spectra (MANY) collaboration was formed.
MANY is a coordinated effort aiming to carry out measurements of (α, n) production yields, reaction cross- sections and neutron energy spectra. The project relies on the use of the α-beams produced by the accelerators at CMAM (Madrid) [2] and CNA HiSPANoS (Sevilla) [3,4]. The measurements are carried out using different types of neutron detection systems, including the miniBELEN neutron counter [5], the MONSTER time-of-flight spectrometer [6] and the GARY array of gamma detectors [7].
In this work we report the definitive results of the measurement of the 27Al(alpha,n)30P thick target neutron yields from 3.8 MeV up to 8 MeV. The measurment has been carried out at CMAM using the miniBELEN neutron counter. The reaction cross-sections have been obtained from the measured yields and the available stoppoing power data.Bibliography
[1] A. Junghans, S.S. Westerdale, P. Dimitriou, IAEA technical meeting INDC(NDS)-0894 (2023).
[2] J. Gómez-Camacho et al, EPJ Plus 136:275 (2021)
[3] M. A. Millán-Callado et al., Rad. Phys. And Chem. (2024) 111464
[4] A. Redondo-Cubero et al., EPJ Plus 136:175 (2021)
[5] N Mont-Geli et al. EPJ Web of Conferences 284 (2023) 06004
[6] A R Garcia et al. Journal of Instrumentation 7 (2012) C05012
[7] L.M. Fraile et al. in NDC(NDS)-0894 (2024)Ponente: Nil Mont i Geli (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) -
15:00
Photoactivation of 209Bi with laser induced bremsstrahlung using DRACO 15m
Nuclear Physics experiments are usually carried out in large accelerators, whose reduced number restricts the access to these facilities. For this reason, there is a growing interest in developing complementary facilities capable of hosting Nuclear Physics experiments, even at smaller size, to further extend the nuclear data available. In this context, high-power, high-repetition-rate lasers become an appealing complement due to the reduced footprint and lower running costs.
As a proof-of-concept, a photoactivation experiment of $^{209}$Bi was carried out using the 150 TW arm of the DRACO laser (HZDR, Germany). Electron bunches of ~0.1 nC and energy up to 450 MeV were accelerated at 0.1 Hz via the laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) mechanism and propagated into a thin tantalum converter to obtain the high energy bremsstrahlung photons that were used for photoactivation. After 1 hour of irradiation, corresponding to 370 shots, a short-lived activity of 10-100 Bq was produced, and photoactivation reactions below the pion threshold of up to at least $^{209}$Bi(γ,9n)$^{200}$Bi were observed, with activation levels in agreement with numerical simulations. The direct production of lighter elements, such as Pb or Tl, was also studied, finding that it is comparable to that of the parent bismuth nucleus.
These results show not only the potential of laser-driven accelerators as a useful tool in Nuclear Physics, but also the possibility of measuring offline the high-energy photon spectrum from the activation yield, with the advantage of being insensitive to pulse pile-up and the strong electromagnetic pulse accompanying the laser shots.
Ponente: Adrián Bembibre Fernández (Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)) -
15:15
Measurement of the $^{239}$Pu neutron capture and fission cross-section at the n_TOF time-of-flight facility at CERN 15m
The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA/OECD) included the improvement of the current knowledge on the cross-sections for neutron capture and neutron-induced fission of $^{239}$Pu in its High Priority Request List, motivated by the growing demand for more accurate and reliable nuclear data essential for nuclear applications such as the design and operation of nuclear power plants. To address this need, a new experimental campaign has been performed at n_TOF, the time-of-flight facility of CERN, measuring $^{239}$Pu for the first time at this facility. This work is part of the scientific program supported by the European Commission H2020 initiative, Supplying Accurate Nuclear Data for energy and non-energy Applications (SANDA).
In this experiment, ten extremely pure $^{239}$Pu samples, produced at the European JRC-Geel target laboratory, with a total mass of less than 10 mg were placed in a novel ionization chamber specifically designed to handle the high counting rates caused by the $\alpha$-decay of $^{239}$Pu. This chamber contains fission fragment detectors, which were used in conjunction with the n_TOF Total Absorption Calorimeter, significantly reducing the $\gamma$-ray background from fission during the measurement of the capture reaction cross-section, using the so-called fission tagging technique. Additionally, a thicker $^{239}$Pu sample of 100 mg was used to extend the capture cross-section measurement to neutron energies up to 10 keV.
Beyond cross-section data, this measurement will also provide valuable insights into the distribution of $\gamma$-ray cascades emitted in the $^{239}$Pu(n,$\gamma$) and $^{239}$Pu(n,f) reactions, as demonstrated in previous experiments with the TAC. This contribution to the XVI CPAN DAYS will describe the experimental activities performed within this work and show the latest results from the data analysis, covering a new experimental dataset for fission cross-section, from 20 meV to 20 MeV, as well as for capture at least up to 1 keV.
Ponente: Adrian Sanchez Caballero (CIEMAT) -
15:30
Status of WASA-FRS HypHI Experiment: Study of light hypernuclei at GSI-FAIR 15m
The WASA-FRS HypHI Experiment focuses on the study of light hypernuclei by means of heavy-ion induced reactions. It is part of the WASA-FRS experimental campaign, and so is the Eta-prime Experiment [1]. The distinctive combination of the high-resolution spectrometer FRS [2] and the high-acceptance detector system WASA [3] is used. The experiment was successfully conducted at GSI-FAIR in Germany in March 2022 as a component of the FAIR Phase-0 Physics Program, within the Super-FRS Experiment Collaboration. Currently, the data from the experiment is under analysis.
In this experiment, the production of the hypernuclei is achieved by bombarding a diamond target with a 6Li beam at 1.96 GeV/u. In this collision, Λ hyperon can merge with the nuclear fragment, forming a hypernucleus. The production of hypernuclei in the spectator rapidity region, with a similar velocity of the incident beam, allows for the in-flight study of the hypernuclei behind the target material. The hypernuclear events are identified by detecting both the residual nuclei and the π- particles emitted from the mesonic weak decay of the hypernuclei.
The second half of the FRagment Separator FRS serves as a high-resolution spectrometer for measuring the decay fragments. Additionally, the Wide Angle Shower Apparatus (WASA), placed in the mid-focal plane of the FRS, is employed for tracking the decay π- particle. The WASA system consists of a superconducting magnet and a group of detectors, including a drift chamber of several layers of strawtubes and plastic scintillator barrel and walls. The hypernucleus is subsequently reconstructed, and its properties, such as invariant mass and lifetime, are analysed.
The primary objectives of this experiment are twofold: to shed light on the hypertriton puzzle [4] and to investigate the existence of the previously proposed nnΛ bound state [5]. Firstly, the significantly shorter hypertriton lifetime reported by three independent state-of-the-art experiments, namely ALICE [6], STAR [7], and HypHI [8], compared to the predictions of theoretical models remains poorly understood. Therefore, obtaining new accurate results for the invariant mass and lifetime of 3ΛH (and 4ΛH) is crucial to reach a definitive conclusion. Secondly, the observed enhancement in the invariant mass distributions of the d+π- and t+π- final states, as reported by the HypHI Collaboration [5], cannot be accounted for by existing theoretical calculations, which indicate the absence of a neutral nnΛ bound state. Consequently, the WASA-FRS HypHI Experiment aims to produce more precise and statistically significant experimental results that can provide clarification on the potential existence of nnΛ.
My contribution to the conference will provide an overview of the WASA-FRS HypHI Experiment, including its objectives and methodology. Details of the experiment approach that combines for the first time a cylindrical detection system with a fragment separator will be presented. I will also discuss the current state of the experiment analysis, emphasizing the GNN implementation for particle tracking and the ion-optics calibration. Finally, I will show the first preliminary results of the invariant mass of Λ and 3ΛH.
[1] Y.K. Tanaka et al., J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1643 (2020) 012181.
[2] H. Geissel et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 70 (1992) 286-297.
[3] C. Bargholtz et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 594 (2008) 339-350.
[4] T.R. Saito et al., Nature Reviews Physics 3 (2021) 803-813.
[5] C. Rappold et al., Phys. Rev. C 88 (2013) 041001.
[6] S. Acharya et al., Phys. Lett. B 797 (2019) 134905.
[7] L. Adamczyk et al., Phys. Rev. C 97 (2018) 054909.
[8] C. Rappold et al., Nucl. Phys. A 913 (2013) 170-184.Ponente: Sr. Samuel Escrig López (Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC)) -
15:45
High precision 209Bi(n,ɣ) cross section measurement at n_TOF EAR2. 15m
The development of innovative future nuclear reactors and the enhancement of operational safety rely heavily on the precision of nuclear data, particularly in minimizing the uncertainties associated with microscopic neutron-induced cross sections. MYRRHA is an experimental Accelerator Driven System that uses a lead-bismuth mixture as a coolant system. The radiological burden associated with the use of this type of coolant for fast nuclear systems is mainly due to the production of 210Po from 209Bi(n,γ) reactions. There are significant discrepancies in the existing evaluations of 209Bi(n,γ) reactions, particularly concerning the feeding into the metastable state. Therefore, accurate prediction of the 210Po inventory in lead-bismuth cooled nuclear systems requires precise knowledge of both reaction channels and their branching ratios.
From an astrophysical perspective, this reaction also plays a crucial role in the s-process and for U/Th cosmic clocks.
The most recent 209Bi(n,γ) Time-of-Flight (ToF) measurement was performed at the CERN n_TOF EAR1 facility by C. Domingo and colleagues in 2006, using the state-of-the-art low neutron sensitivity C6D6 detectors. However, the target accuracy could not be reached due to a significant in-beam γ-ray background and insufficient luminosity of EAR1. This limitation has been significantly improved with the renewed high luminosity EAR2. Recently, in combination with the high sensitivity sTED array detection setup, EAR2 has demonstrated its potential for challenging (n,γ) such as 94Nb and 79Se cross section measurements in a broad neutron energy range.
The current 209Bi(n,γ) experiment at n_TOF EAR2 aims to achieve an accuracy of 5-10% in the Resolved Resonance Region, covering neutron energies from thermal levels up to 35 keV, and an accuracy of less than 15% in the neutron energy range from 35 to 100 keV. At the time of the conference, a comprehensive overview of the ongoing experiment at the CERN n_TOF facility will be presented, along with the initial experimental results from the current measurement campaign.
Ponente: Gabriel de la Fuente Rosales (Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC))
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COMCHAModeradores: Arantza Oyanguren (IFIC- Valencia), Luca Fiorini (IFIC / U. Valencia - CSIC)
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Activities at IGFAE 30mPonentes: Veronika Chobanova (University of Santiago de Compostela), Xabier Cid Vidal (USC - IGFAE)
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Activities at UDC - LHCb ACDC 30m
We present the status of the LHCb-ACDC project at University of A Coruna. The project focuses on Flavor Tagging, Real Time Analysis, and offline data analyses at LHCb.
Ponentes: Diego Martinez Santos (Xunta de Galicia and Universidade da Coruña), Veronika Chobanova (University of Santiago de Compostela) -
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Activities at Oviedo University 30mPonente: Santiago Folgueras (Universidad de Oviedo)
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Física TeóricaModerador: Juan José Sanz-Cillero (Universidad Complutense de Madrid and IPARCOS)
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Three-loop jet function for boosted heavy quarks 15m
Event shapes for massless quarks in $e^+e^−$ colliders have been widely used to investigate the gauge structure of the strong interactions, tune Monte Carlo simulations, learn about hadronization, and to determine the strong coupling with high precision. For the production of primary top quarks, it has been shown that a class of event shapes related to the invariant mass of the hemisphere can be used to measure the top quark mass with a precision smaller than $\Lambda_{QCD}$ . The maximal sensitivity to the top mass — which plays a central role in testing the validity of the Standard Model— is attained in the peak of the distribution, where both Boosted Heavy Quark Effective Theory (bHQET), and Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) are applicable.
The use of Effective Field Theories (EFTs) allows for the factorization of expressions for various observables, effectively separating contributions from different physical scales. In these factorized expressions, the jet function —previously known at two loops— emerges as a universal ingredient, common to many observables. Thus, computing the jet function at higher perturbative orders is warranted. However, studying processes at more than one loop requires dedicated techniques to handle the large number of Feynman diagrams that contribute. In this talk we will present our analytic computation of the three-loop jet function for boosted heavy quarks.
We will briefly discuss the main properties and renormalization of the jet function and outline the workflow for a fixed-order calculation, including the strategies used for evaluating the master integrals. The three-loop piece of the jet function in dimensional regularization will be presented, and several important tests of our results will be discussed. Our computation provides the last missing piece to obtain the N$^3$LL′ resummed (self-normalized) thrust distribution used for the calibration of the top quark mass parameter in parton-shower Monte Carlo generators. Additionally, it contributes to the N$^3$LL′-accurate invariant mass distribution of reconstructed top quarks, which can be employed for a precise top mass determination at future lepton colliders.
Ponente: Alberto Martín Clavero (Universidad de Salamanca (USAL)) -
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Angular distributions of Drell-Yan leptons in the TMD factorization approach 15m
We present a comprehensive study of the angular structure functions for Drell-Yan leptons in Z/$\gamma$-boson production within the framework of the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization theorem, including kinematic power corrections (KPCs). We find good agreement with the data in the applicability region of the TMD factorization theorem. The inclusion of KPCs allows us to describe all angular coefficients in a frame-independent manner using only the leading-twist TMD distributions: the unpolarized and the Boer-Mulders functions. The value of the Boer-Mulders function is determined using the ATLAS measurement of the $A_2$ angular coefficient. The analysis is performed at N$^4$LL perturbative order. Additionally, we discuss the technical implementation and impact of KPCs on the phenomenology of TMD distributions.
Ponente: Sara Piloñeta -
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Harnessing the power of atoms as electron accelerators 15m
Atoms can act as electron accelerators, effectively providing a scan in energy when fixed-energy positrons from a beam collide with them. This talk explores the potential of this phenomenon for new physics searches, particularly for new vector bosons or pseudoscalars coupling to fermions, such as Dark Photons and ALPs. We propose using a positron beam directed at a fixed high-$Z$ target, such as $^{92}$U, at available facilities like JLab, PADME or the H3 beam at CERN. We find that the spread in electron momentum significantly enhances the experimental reach when compared to the electron-at-rest approximation, probing parts of the parameter space currently unexplored. Additionally, we show how this effect, using a $12$ GeV beam as foreseen at JLab, can achieve high statistical accuracy in measuring the hadronic cross section for electron-positron annihilation across the relevant range of center-of-mass energies. This provides a new method to study the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to $(g-2)_\mu$, adding a new piece of information to the existing puzzle.
Ponente: Fernando Arias Aragón (Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati - INFN) -
14:45
Use of dispersive meson-meson analyses in Giant CP Violation in B to three light mesons at the LHC beyond leading order 15m
The LHCb has recently reported a huge CP violation (CPV) in $B$ meson decaying to three charmless light-pseudoscalar mesons, the greatest ever seen. It is strongly believed that this giant CPV is due to strong Final State Interactions (FSI), which amplify the CPV effect. However, the formalism that the LHCb is currently using to describe its phenomenology includes some unnecessary and crude estimates. It is possible to amend those crude estimates by including $\pi\pi\rightarrow KK$ dispersive parameterizations. We have developed a formalism that holds FSI and reproduce the experimental data even beyond the leading order in the two-body re-scattering amplitude.
Ponente: Alba Reyes Torrecilla (UCM and IPARCOS, Departamento de Física Teórica) -
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Explaining $^3P_0$ quark-pair creation through Landau-gauge Green's Functions 15m
Phenomenological evidence indicates that low-excitation hadrons often decay via the $^3P_0$ mechanism, involving the creation of a light quark-antiquark pair with zero angular momentum. This scalar decay term arises spontaneously upon chiral symmetry breaking, despite Quantum Chromodynamics being mediated by spin-one gluons and displaying chiral symmetry in its Lagrangian. We explore this by employing the non-perturbative quark-gluon vertex in the Landau gauge, alongside a constant chromoelectric field background similar to the Schwinger pair production in Quantum Electrodynamics. Our results support the $^3P_0$ mechanism at momenta below the fermion mass scale, though ultrarelativistic fermions mostly exhibit $^3S_1$ quantum numbers. In QED, $^3S_0$ dominates, while in QCD, $^3P_0$ is favored at sub-GeV momenta due to the requirement of color singlet formation.
Ponente: Alexandre Salas Bernárdez (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
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How large could CP violation in B meson mixing be? Implications for baryogenesis and upcoming searches 15m
It is well-known that CP violation is one of the necessary ingredients to generate the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe. Neutral B mesons naturally exhibit CP violating oscillations which can be related to the baryon asymmetry through the B-Mesogenesis mechanism. With this in mind, it is interesting to analyze how large this CP violation could be in different scenarios beyond the Standard Model. In this talk, I will consider (i) the effects of heavy new physics in mass mixing following a model-independent approach, (ii) the implications of models going beyond 3x3 CKM unitarity (including, e.g., vector-like quarks), and (iii) the effects of new contributions to the B meson decay mixing. I will present the available parameter space for the relevant CP asymmetries, studying their compatibility with the B-Mesogenesis framework and compare it with the expected experimental sensitivity at LHCb and Belle II.
Ponente: Carlos Miró Arenas (IFIC (CSIC - U. Valencia)) -
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VBF multi-Higgs production and LHC predictions 15m
We have studied multi-Higgs production using the equivalence theorem for VBF and made some studies with LHC data to give some future predictions.
Ponente: Javier Martínez Martín (Universidad Complutense de Madrid & IPARCOS) -
15:45
Faraday effect induced by Axions and Gravitational Waves 15m
With the first detection of gravitational waves in 2016 a new window on the observation of the Universe has been opened. This has made possible several new tests of general relativity, discoveries on the physics of black holes, and opened a new way of studying physics beyond the Standard Model. There is evidence that the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is not the ultimate description of nature as it cannot explain neutrino masses, dark matter, and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, gravitational waves could be one of the main tools to answer to this question.
So far, gravitational waves have been detected only at low frequencies: at nHz for the recent stochastic background, and 10-100 Hz from the observations of LIGO-VIRGO and KAGRA. Several works showed how it would be possible to get important new information relevant to theoretical particle physics and cosmology at higher frequencies, from MHz to GHz.
In this project we revisit the work "2000 Class. Quantum Grav. 17 2525” by A. M. Cruise, and discuss the validity of the geometrical optics approximation in electromagnetic detectors for very high-frequency gravitational wavesPonente: Sr. Luca Marsili
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Instrumentación: Aplicaciones y NuclearModerador: Dr. Gabriela Llosa (IFIC-CSIC)
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Simultaneous Gamma-Neutron Vision (GN-Vision): Proof-of-concept of the neutron imaging capability and prospects of the final device 12m
Compton imaging represents a promising technique for Prompt Gamma (PG) imaging for range verification in hadron therapy (HT) treatments. As for neutron monitoring, a drawback of most of the available systems is that only integral off-field neutron-fluence values are registered but no information is obtained from its spatial origin. Dual neutron and gamma imaging is also of prime interest for nuclear safety and security applications. In this context, we have designed and patented a innovative dual neutron and γ-ray imaging tool, so-called GN-Vision, that aims at addressing the most relevant challenges for the aforementioned applications. The system consists of a compact and handheld-portable device capable of measuring and simultaneously imaging γ-rays and slow – thermal to 100 eV – neutrons.
The GN-Vision device follows the design of the previous i-TED detector [1], an array of Compton cameras based on large monolithic position sensitive LaCl3(Ce) crystals that were initially designed for neutron-capture experiments at CERN [2]. Moreover, the applicability of i-TED to range verification in ion beam therapy [3, 4] and imaging-based dosimetry in BNCT [5, 6] has been explored with promising results. In addition to i-TED, GN-Vision exploits a neutron-gamma discriminating detector together with a passive collimator to achieve neutron imaging, while keeping the Compton imaging of γ-rays [7].
Following the conceptual demonstration of the simultaneous neutron and gamma-ray imaging in a first Monte Carlo study [7], we have been working at IFIC in the technical implementation of the first prototype. In this contribution we will present the development and characterization of a position-sensitive CLYC detector that acts as the neutron imaging layer and γ-ray Compton scatterer of the dual γ-ray and neutron imaging system GN-Vision. The succesful implementation of the position-senstivite neutron-gamma discrimination capability has layed the foundations for the first proof-of-concept experiment of the neutron imaging capability [8], that will be presented in this talk. Last, the contribution will cover the future prospects, including the studies on the optimization of the collimation system, the advances towards the neutron and gamma imaging integration, the expected performance of the complete GN-Vision device and the plans for upcoming field test-measurements.
References
[1] C. Domingo-Pardo et al., Nucl. Phys. A 851, 78-86 (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.04.002
[2] V. Babiano et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 57, 197 (2021), doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00507-7,
[3] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., Sci Rep 12, 2735 (2022), doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06126-6
[4] J. Balibrea-Correa et al., Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 1258 (2022), doi: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03414-y
[5] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., App. Rad. Isot. (submitted) (2024), arXiv:2409.05687v1
[6] P. Torres-Sánchez et al., App. Rad. Isot. (submitted) (2024), arXiv:2409.10107v1
[7] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., EPJ Techn Instrum 11, 2 (2024), doi: 10.1140/epjti/s40485-024-00108-w
[8] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., Nucl. Inst. Methods (submitted) (2024) , arXiv:2410.12533Ponente: Jorge Lerendegui Marco (Instituto de Física Corpuscular) -
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New detectors for breast cancer Imaging 12m
Development of a new low-cost Molecular Imaging detector for breast cancer screening, using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and tiled Cesium Iodide (CsI) scintillators. The detector leverages SiPMs for their high sensitivity and compact size, while CsI scintillators are used to efficiently convert X-rays into visible light. The tiling of the scintillators enables flexible detector configurations and high spatial resolution
Ponente: Sara Gaitán Domínguez -
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MLTiming: A machine learning framework for gamma-ray time pick-up 12m
Accurate timing characterization of radiation events is crucial in nuclear medicine, particularly for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In PET, achieving a good coincidence resolving time (CRT) between detector pairs enhances the Time-of-Flight (TOF) information for each detected coincidence, which significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the images. This study introduces a method to train models, based on the newly-developed Kolmogorov-Arnold networks (KANs), for assigning precise timestamps to incoming radiation signals in each detector. We trained the models with event pairs consisting of a measured event and its copy delayed a know amount of time where the delay acted as a label during training. Trained models were evaluated using data from a 60Co point source and a pair of conic 2” LaBr3(Ce) detectors in coincidence mode, connected to Hamamatsu R9779 PMTs sampled at 5 Gs/s. We report that our method has achieved a 6% increase in CTR and around 40% increased accuracy in source location compared to the widely used constant fraction discrimintation (CFD) method for the evaluation set.
Ponente: Sr. Jose Avellaneda (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
14:45
Status of the LINrem project: validation in reference fields 12m
Neutrons are a highly penetrating type of radiation that can significantly contribute to the total absorbed dose in the human body. Monitoring neutron dose rates is essential for assessing the risk to workers, patients, and the public, particularly in particle therapy centers. Such treatments, often recommended for young and pediatric patients, offer the benefits of a reduced overall dose and high radiobiological effectiveness. Proton beams are typically used, though recent advancements are focusing on light ions such as carbon, helium, and oxygen. Since the primary beam energy ranges in the hundreds of MeV, nuclear interactions between high-energy particles and beam-shaping elements—or even the patient—result in the production of secondary neutrons. Additional factors influencing neutron production include the accelerator technology, room design and treatment plan.
For instance, modern compact proton therapy units, such as those based on superconducting synchrocyclotron technology, produce pulsed neutron fields characterized by intense bursts of neutrons within a short time frame. In this scenario, many commercial dosimeters underestimate neutron ambient doses by up to a factor 10 [1]. A similar situation is expected occur in innovative treatment approaches such as the Ultra-High Dose Rate Radiation (FLASH therapy) [2]. As accelerator technology advances, so must the instrumentation used to measure radiation [3]. To address this gap, we propose the LINrem project as a potential solution. LINrem dosimeters are specifically designed to provide accurate neutron dose measurements under challenging conditions, such as those found in particle therapy facilities.
This contribution discusses the status and future directions of the LINrem project. We outline the design of a new passive LINrem dosimeter, developed by replacing the active sensor in the LINrem moderator with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). We also present the validation of LINrem dosimeters in a high-energy reference neutron field, with measurements conducted at CERN's CERF facility [4,5]. This facility simulates both, cosmic-ray neutron spectra at altitudes of 10–20 km and the secondary spectra found in particle therapy environments. Furthermore, regarding clinical applications, we provide preliminary results from an ongoing intercomparison campaign at the West German Proton Therapy Center (WPE) in Essen. This study, conducted in close-to-clinical conditions, includes measurements using Pencil Beam Scanning with setups for both, pristine Bragg peaks [6] and range-modulated beams [7].
[1] ZORLONI, Gabriele, et al. Intercomparison of personal and ambient dosimeters in extremely high-dose-rate pulsed photon fields. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2020, vol. 172, p. 108764.
[2] CARESANA, Marco; CIRILLO, Andrea; BOLZONELLA, Matteo. Measurements in pulsed neutron fields. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2023, vol. 199, no 15-16, p. 1853-1861.
[3] TARIFENO-SALDIVIA, Ariel, et al. Ambient dosimetry in pulsed neutron fields with LINrem detectors. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2024, 224: 112101.
[4] SILARI, Marco; POZZI, Fabio. The CERN-EU high-energy Reference Field (CERF) facility: applications and latest developments. In: EPJ Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences, 2017. p. 03001.
[5] DINAR, N., et al. Instrument intercomparison in the high-energy field at the CERN-EU reference field (CERF) facility and comparison with the 2017 FLUKA simulations. Radiation Measurements, 2018, 117: 24-34.
[6] TRINKL, Sebastian, et al. Systematic outoffield secondary neutron spectrometry and dosimetry in pencil beam ‐‐scanning proton therapy. Medical physics, 2017, 44.5: 1912-1920.
[7] FARAH, Jad, et al. Measurement of stray radiation within a scanning proton therapy facility:EURADOS WG9 intercomparison exercise of active dosimetry systems. Medical physics, 2015, 42.5: 2572-2584.Ponente: Benedetta Brusasco (UPC - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) -
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Neutron background monitoring for the IAXO-D0 detector prototype 12m
The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a planned gaseous detector helioscope designed to detect axions, hypothetical particles proposed as a solution for the strong CP problem, which have also been theorised to be dark matter candidates. A smaller prototype, BabyIAXO, is currently in manufacturing and is expected to be installed at DESY (Hamburg, Germany). A baseline detector prototype, IAXO-D0, is at present undergoing tests at the premises of the Universidad de Zaragoza. The prototype is sensitive to background that could induce false positive axion detections, and in particular to ambient neutrons of high energy.
A neutron monitor has been proposed as a way to provide a continuous measurement of ambient neutrons and its variability. Neutron Monitors are typically used as cosmic ray detectors, and consist of several neutron counter detectors surrounded by a series of layers that act as reflector, multiplier and moderator for the neutrons.
In this work a prototype neutron monitor was designed and assembled. It consists of three identical LND He-3 proportional counter tubes surrounded by a high density polyethylene (HDPE) moderator, a layer of lead that acts as multiplier, and an outer layer of HDPE as reflector. The neutron monitor has been in operation since March 2024, producing an almost continuous measurement of the count rate of neutrons detected inside the laboratory where IAXO-D0 is being commissioned.
We will present the Monte Carlo simulations performed to characterise the monitor and the first results of the monitoring of the neutron count rate, once noise and pile-up have been taken care of, and atmospheric pressure effects have been corrected.
The information learned from this prototype neutron monitor will guide the design of a neutron monitor optimised for neutrons of around >100 MeV tailored to the IAXO-D0 needs. The design of the new device will be briefly presented.Ponente: Víctor Martínez Nouvilas (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
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Performance evaluation of fast LaBr3(Ce) crystals equipped with fast photomultipliers tubes 12m
Abstract
In the framework of the HISTARS (HIE-ISOLDE Timing Array for Reaction Studies) project at ISOLDE/CERN it is planned to install a $\gamma$-ray array for fast-timing measurements. State-of-the-art crystals are LaBr$_3$(Ce)[1][2][3] or CeBr$_3$[4][5] inorganic scintillators, which are customarily fitted with fast photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or SiPMs.In this work, we have characterized four different head-on PMTs with bialkali photocathode by Hamamatsu in combination with a LaBr$_3$(Ce) crystal with the shape of a truncated cone 1.5" in height and with bases of 1.5" and 1" in diameter. Among the chosen PMTs a customized version of the 2-inch 8-stage bialkali photocathode R9779[6] in the assembly H10570 is used as a reference. The other three, newer PMTs, are a 1.5-inch 8-stage R13408[7], and a 2-inch 8-stage R13089 model[7], in two different assemblies, H13719-Y006 and H13719-Y007.
We report on the time response at $^{22}$Na and $^{60}$Co photon energies using a fast digitizer module and signal processing methods based on a genetic algorithm for the time pick-up[8]. Results on energy resolution, linearity, and time walk will also be presented.
Keywords: photomultiplier tube, Hamamatsu R9779, Hamamatsu R13408, Hamamatsu R13089, inorganic scintillator, LaBr$_{3}$(Ce), digital signal processing, time resolution, time walk, fast timing
References
[1] V. Vedia, H. Mach, L. Fraile, J. Udías, S. Lalkovski, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 795, 144 (2015). DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.05.058. URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900215007172
[2] V. Vedia, M. Carmona-Gallardo, L. Fraile, H. Mach, J. Udías, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 857, 98 (2017). DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.03.030. URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900217303704
[3] L. Fraile, V. Sánchez-Tembleque, J. Benito, M. García-Díez, J. Udías, V. Vedia, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 463, 394 (2020). DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2019.04.044. URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X19302289
[4] E. Picado, M. Carmona-Gallardo, J. Cal-González, L. Fraile, H. Mach, J. Udías, V. Vedia, Applied Radiation and Isotopes 120, 71 (2017). DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.11.017. URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969804316302275
[5] L. Fraile, H. Mach, V. Vedia, B. Olaizola, V. Paziy, E. Picado, J. Udías, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 701, 235 (2013). DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.009. URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900212013010
[6] Hamamatsu. Hamamatsu Photonic Systems R9779 datasheet. URL https://www.digchip.com/datasheets/parts/datasheet/190/r9779-pdf.phpPonente: Miriam Caballero Rodríguez (UCM) -
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Application of Timepix cameras in optical TPCs for 3D track and events reconstruction in low-energy nuclear reaction 12m
Optical Time Projection Chambers (opTPCs) equipped with high-resolution cameras enable the reconstruction of ionization tracks, improving particle detection and identification, making them ideal for studying complex and rare nuclear reactions. The Multilayer Thick Gas Electron Multipliers (MThGEMs) enhance the opTPC's performance by amplifying electrons and the scintillation light produced along the particle tracks.
Using a Timepix camera, with its high spatial and temporal resolution, further enhances opTPCs performance by allowing detailed 3D reconstruction of particle tracks. This enables precise identification of interactions, even in high-rate environments, where distinguishing between genuine events and background noise is essential. Timepix allows visualizing complete particle trajectories, thus providing critical data on scattering angles and energy distributions.
We will present results from tests in different gases, demonstrating how combining OTPCs, MThGEMs, and a Timepix camera improves detection sensitivity, resolution, and the study of rare events across a wide range of nuclear phenomena.Ponente: Dr. Cristina Cabo Landeira (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) -
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HENSA++ for cosmic-ray neutrons spectrometry: project status and future developments 12m
Neutrons are continuously produced as secondary radiation from cosmic-ray interactions in Earth’s upper atmosphere. Characterizing these secondary neutrons has implications across multiple fields, including environmental radioactivity [1], single event upsets (SEUs) in microelectronics [2], cosmic-ray physics, and space weather [3].
The High Efficiency Neutron Spectrometry Array (HENSA) project focuses on designing, developing, and utilizing high-efficiency neutron spectrometers [4]. The latest iteration, HENSA++, has been specifically optimized for studying cosmic-ray neutrons and their applications in space weather monitoring and environmental dosimetry. HENSA++ operates on the same principles as Bonner Sphere Spectrometers (BSS) [5], but with topological modifications in detector geometry, achieving up to a tenfold increase in detection efficiency compared to standard BSS [6]. The HENSA++ array comprises sixteen He-3 tubes, each one surrounded by different materials, including high-density polyethylene moderators, cadmium shielding, and lead neutron multipliers, providing spectral sensitivity across a range from thermal to GeV neutrons.
In this work, we discuss the current status and mid-term perspectives of HENSA++. Preliminary results from the recent commissioning of the spectrometer and laboratory measurements conducted during solar storm conditions in 2024 will be presented. We will also outline future plans to install HENSA++ as a permanent cosmic-ray neutron monitoring station at the high-altitude Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre (OAJ).
Bibliography:
[1] European Radiation Dosimetry Group (2004). Report 140: Cosmic Radiation Exposure of Aircraft Crew.
[2] J. F. Ziegler, et al. (1996). IBM Journal of Research and Development, 40(1).
[3] J. A. Simpson (2000). Space Science Reviews, 93, p. 11–32.
[4] https://www.hensaproject.org/
[5] D.J. Thomas and A.V. Alevra (2002). NIMA, 476, p. 12–20.
[6] B. Wiegel, A.V. Alevra (2002). NIMA 476 (2002) 36–41.Ponente: Álvaro Jesús Quero Ballesteros (Universidad de Granada)
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RENATA (Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas)Moderadores: Maria Martinez (Universidad de Zaragoza), Sergio Pastor (IFIC (CSIC-Univ. Valencia))
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The temperature monitoring system for DUNE and its prototypes at CERN. 15m
Large liquid argon (LAr) volumes are integral to modern particle and nuclear physics experiments, specifically for detecting weakly interacting particles such as neutrinos and dark matter. Ensuring detector performance and optimal detection efficiency requires comprehensive LAr characterization and efficient monitoring of recirculation systems. High-resolution temperature monitoring systems, capable of detecting gradients as small as a few hundredths of a degree, reveal key details about purification quality and swiftly signal changes in recirculation operations. In addition, these temperature measurements, coupled with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, are instrumental for detector calibration.
IFIC has advanced large-scale temperature monitoring systems (TMS) tailored for liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs), leveraging a decade of expertise in resistance temperature detection (RTD) techniques. Key aspects, including temperature readout hardware, cabling, RTD supports, and calibration systems, are meticulously designed to achieve the high resolution required. IFIC’s TMS has been deployed on a large scale, demonstrated by its operation at CERN, monitoring temperatures along an 8-meter vertical column with 3 mK resolution in the DUNE prototype. This setup offers exceptional resolution with extensive sensor arrays, making it ideal for large TPC instrumentation. Concurrently, ongoing R&D on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors aims to establish a Fiber-based TMS (FTMS) for high electric field environments, promising to expand the temperature measurement points while maintaining the RTD system’s resolution.
Ponente: Jordi Capó (IFIC, CSIC-UV) -
14:30
ProtoDUNE-HD PDS commissioning, operation and performance 15m
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a 1300 km baseline neutrino experiment able to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy and CP-violation. The Far Detector (FD) consists of four liquid argon TPC (10 kton fiducial mass) with systems for the detection of charge and scintillation light produced by an ionization event. Before their installation in the FD, this technology is being tested and validated in the CERN Neutrino Platform in the so-called ProtoDUNEs. During 2024, one of the prototypes is being operated and the collected data in LAr will be used to validate the performance of all the subsystems, in particular the Photon Detection System (PDS). The commissioning, performance evaluation of the ProtoDUNE-HD (NP04) PDS system will be shown in the presentation.
Ponente: Laura Pérez-Molina (CIEMAT) -
14:45
Calibration of the Photon Detection System of SBND 15m
SBND is a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), serving as the near detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab. Its near location (110 m) to the neutrino source and relatively large mass (112 ton active volume) will allow studying neutrino interactions on argon with unprecedented precision. The detector is currently finishing the commissioning phase and has collected its initial neutrino beam data. The Photon Detection System (PDS) of the detector represents a major R&D opportunity for the LArTPC technology. Its design is a hybrid concept combining a primary system of 120 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and a secondary system of 192 XARAPUCA devices, all of them located behind the anode plane. Furthermore, covering the cathode plane with highly reflective panels coated with a wavelength shifting compound recovers part of the light emitted towards the cathode, where no optical detectors exist. This new design provides high light-yield and more uniform detection efficiency, an excellent time resolution and an independent position reconstruction (including the drift coordinate) using only the scintillation light. This work will present the first steps towards the calibration of the PMT devices, which is critical to exploit the reconstruction capabilities of this system.
Ponente: Alejandro Sánchez Castillo (Universidad de Granada) -
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A novel selenium based photosensor for liquid noble detectors 15m
Detection of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) scintillation light produced by liquid noble elements will be of central importance to fully exploit the potential of future time projection chambers (TPCs) using these media. A novel technology recently proposed to detect VUV light is based on a windowless amorphous selenium photosensor. This device would open the door to the possibility of making an integrated charge plus light sensor, which would be simultaneously sensitive to the two signals of a liquid noble gas TPC. This would allow for a larger effective area, provide an increased sensitivity to the low energy physics (few MeV) and greater fidelity in energy reconstruction. These are all desired features for the second phase of the future neutrino experiment DUNE, turning this technology a suitable candidate to be implemented in the latest far detector module. We present here the concept of the amorphous selenium photosensor and report about the R&D ongoing and the latest light simulation tools developed to benchmark the performance of the device.
Ponente: Patricia Sanchez Lucas (University of Granada) -
15:15
LiquidO: Neutrino Detection in Opaque Media 15m
The LiquidO collaboration proposes a new method for detecting particles using opaque scintillator, which breaks the traditional paradigm of transparency. LiquidO technology exploits the stochastic confinement of the scintillation photons within a few cm radius near its creation point due to the short scattering length and the collection of the trapped light through arrays of wavelength-shifting fibres. This technology allows for highly efficient identification of particles, including positron, electron, and gamma events, with the ability to distinguish between them on an event-by-event basis. During this talk, we will share the results obtained from a 10-litre prototype and discuss the use of LiquidO in the first reactor antineutrino detector, which is expected to be located at the "ultra-near" site of EDF-Chooz, approximately 35 meters from the core of one of the most powerful European nuclear plants, with minimal overburden.
Ponente: Diana Navas Nicolás (CIEMAT) -
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Status and Future Plans of the NEXT Experiment 15m
The NEXT-100 detector will search for neutrinoless double beta decay in 136Xe and is currently operating at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc (LSC). The NEXT (Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC) program employs electroluminescent TPCs (time projection chambers) to detect and track energetic electrons with good energy resolution. NEXT has operated several prototypes to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology and measured the two-neutrino double beta decay mode in its initial phase, the 5-kg scale NEXT-White detector. We report on the current status and future plans of the NEXT program.
Ponente: Josh Renner (IFIC, CSIC-UV) -
15:45
EFT analysis of the COHERENT experiment with RH neutrinos 15m
Using an effective field theory approach, we study coherent neutrino scattering on nuclei, in the setup pertinent to the COHERENT experiment. We include non-standard effects in both neutrino production and detection, with an arbitrary flavor structure and all leading Wilson coefficients simultaneously present. The tree main tools of this work are a QFT description of neutrino interactions1, a low energy EFT extended to RH neutrinos and a non-relativistic description of the nucleons. We add to a previous work the presence of Dirac light RH-$\nu$. A concise description of the COHERENT event rate is obtained, alongside twelve generalized weak charges that can be associated (in a sense) with the production and scattering of $\nu_e$, $\nu_\mu$ and $\bar{\nu}_\mu$ on the nuclear target and the nuclear currents in detection. Our results present an explicit form of the new charges in terms of all Wilson coefficients.
Ponente: Sergio de la Cruz Alzaga (IFIC, CSIC-UV)
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Red Temática de Física del LHC M1 (Aula Magna) ()
M1 (Aula Magna)
Sala M1Moderador: Sven Heinemeyer (IFT (UAM-CSIC))-
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Exploring Higgs interactions within HEFT in HH and HHH production at LHC 20mPonente: Jose Daniel Domenech Moya (UAM)
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Searches for electroweak production of SUSY particles with the CMS experiment 20mPonente: Pablo Matorras (Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA))
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Combination of searches for singly produced vector-like top partners in the ATLAS experiment with full Run-2 data 20mPonente: Adrian Rubio (IFIC)
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Searching for vector-like leptons in tau final states with the ATLAS detector 20mPonente: Gabriel Oliveira Corrêa (IFAE - Barcelona)
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Detector performance for high pT muons in CMS Run 3 20mPonente: Diego Fernandez del Val (CIEMAT)
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Lepton Flavour Universality tests with b->sll decays at LHCb 20mPonente: Albert López Huertas (Universitat de Barcelona)
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Red de Futuros Colisionadores
Reunion de la red de futuros colisionadores.
Moderadores: Marcel Vos (IFIC Valencia), MaryCruz Fouz (CIEMAT)- 14:00
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Inputs for future colliders from Spanish and European Early Career Researchers 15mPonente: Cristina Martín Pérez (CIEMAT)
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A linear colliider at CERN 20mPonente: Jenny List (DESY)
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The ILD detector concept 20mPonente: Adrian Irles (IFIC (UV/CSIC) Valencia (ES))
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Accelerator R&D 20mPonente: Concepción Oliver Amoros (CIEMAT)
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Transferencia de TecnologíaModeradores: Dr. Gabriela Llosa (IFIC-CSIC), Mª Carmen Jiménez-Ramos (Centro Nacional de Aceleradores-Sevilla)
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Response of SiC diodes to Low-Energy Proton Beams under FLASH conditions at CNA 10m
In recent years, FLASH radiotherapy has gained attention as a promising approach to reduce damage to healthy tissues while maintaining effective tumor control. To meet the requirements for FLASH, ultra-intense pulsed beams—dose rates exceeding 40 Gy/s—must be achieved. This has created the need to develop facilities capable of conducting experiments at sufficiently high rates as well as detectors with the potential of correctly measuring the accumulated dose..
In this work we investigate the response of SiC p-n diodes, with a 30-micron diameter and a nominal thickness of 3 microns, developed at IMB-CNM (CSIC) to low-energy pulsed proton beams and ultra-high accumulated doses. The experiments were conducted with 1 MeV and 2 MeV proton beams at the 3 MV Tandem accelerator of the National Accelerator Center (CNA) using a custom-built pulsed beam system.
It was demonstrated that the CNA can irradiate under Ultra High Dose Rate (UHDR) conditions, with pulse durations on the order of microseconds (~μs), achieving dose rates of up to 10 kGy/s, dose-per-pulse values of 5.6 Gy, and dose rate-per-pulse of 4.6 MGy/s.
The results indicate that the sensors response degrades for doses between 70 and 800 kGy, after which a plateau is reached. Once this plateau is achieved, the sensors exhibit a linear response over the entire range of dose rates tested, up to doses of at least 5 MGy.Ponente: Carmen Torres Muñoz (Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA)) -
15:22
Irradiation of in vitro cell cultures with a laser-driven proton source 10m
Purpose: The dose per fraction, the dose rate and the delivery time in radiation therapy are key parameters to understand both the efficacy of the treatment and the level of radiation toxicity in normal tissue. Laser-driven sources are known for their brightness and short pulse duration, and these characteristics offer the possibility to study the biological effects of pulsed radiation beams operating at peak dose rates that are orders of magnitude larger than those achieved in conventional accelerators. Given that these sources can reach a certain dose per pulse, the FLASH effect could be potentially triggered. In this work we investigate the response of in vitro cell cultures to laser-driven, low-energy protons.
Materials and Methods: A set of 27 in vitro A549 cell cultures has been irradiated with low energy protons driven by the VEGA-3 laser beamline available at the Spanish Pulsed Laser Center. The cells were grown in a sterile flask sealed with a thin polyethylene window to reduce energy attenuation. The laser pulses (27 J, 200 fs) were focused onto thin aluminum foils installed on a multishot target system developed at the University of Santiago de Compostela. Since the resulting proton spectrum has a Maxwellian-like broad distribution, a magnetic energy selector was developed to obtain quasi-monoenergetic proton beamlets. These beams were driven in air through a thin Kapton window, and the proton spectrum was characterised using a Thomson parabola and a TOF detector. The dose delivered to the cells was evaluated with unlaminated RCF.
Results: The selected proton energy for cell irradiation was 5 MeV. The preliminary results of the dose evaluation show an average dose per pulse of 100 mGy, with low shot-to-shot variability. Cells were irradiated at 3, 5 and 8 Gy in duplicate to perform radiobiological studies evaluating cell proliferation and clonogenicity. Despite inconclusive findings from the cell proliferation curves, the colony formation assays exhibited a pronounced exponential decrease in cell survival fraction correlated with the administered dose. These findings will be compared with those achieved in a similar experiment performed with laser-driven x-rays, and with a conventional MV Linac.
Conclusions: We have tested the feasibility of cell proliferation and colony formation assays with in vitro cell cultures using laser-driven protons in an experimental campaign which, on a national level, has been the first one combining laser-driven ion sources with biological research.Ponente: Alicia Reija -
15:34
Design, fabrication and characterization of CLYC-based neutron dosimeters for proton therapy 10m
Proton therapy uses protons with energies ranging from a few MeV to over 250 MeV to treat cancer. The interactions of these protons with tissues or materials generate secondary neutrons that pose a risk of irradiation. The dosimetry of these neutrons must be measured accurately, and it must be monitored to minimize the risk of apparition of secondary cancers in patients, and also to protect the exposed workers.
Two CLYC-based neutron dosimeters have been designed and fabricated at CIEMAT, with the aim of assessing their application to neutron dosimetry. Cs$_2$LiYCl$_6$:Ce (CLYC) detectors are inorganic scintillators with excellent gamma-neutron discrimination properties. The detector takes advantage of the high enrichment of $^6$Li for the detection of thermal neutrons, via the $^6$Li(n,$\alpha$) reaction. It is also sensitive to fast neutrons, when used in combination with polyethylene moderators and via nuclear reactions like the $^{35}$Cl(n,p). The two devices were characterized at CIEMAT’s Neutron Standards Laboratory (LPN), showing a good agreement with the expected behavior predicted by Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, one of the dosimeters was used at the Quirón Proton Therapy Center during irradiations with protons. In both cases, a commercial WENDI-II extended range dosimeter, based on a $^3$He counter, was used as a reference.
CLYC detectors have similar efficiencies than equivalent sized $^3$He-based detectors and a significantly faster time response, which makes them good candidates for neutron dosimetry in proton therapy FLASH treatments.
Ponente: Julio Plaza del Olmo (CIEMAT) -
15:46
Correction of Relative Efficiency in Radiochromic Films for Low-Energy Proton Beams: An Experimental and Monte Carlo Study 10m
Radiochromic films (RCFs) have been widely used for dosimetry in photon, electron, and proton radiation therapy due to their tissue-equivalent response and high spatial resolution. However, when used with proton beams, especially at energies below 20 MeV, RCFs exhibit dose underestimation, a phenomenon known as LET quenching. This underestimation necessitates the application of a Relative Efficiency (RE) correction factor, which accounts for the reduced dose response of the film as the Linear Energy Transfer (LET) increases.
In this study, we propose an optimized model for correcting the RE of EBT3 radiochromic films irradiated with low-energy protons. Previous models, such as the Sánchez-Parcerisa 2021 model, have attempted to describe RE as a linear function of LET, with limited success in high-LET regions. To address this, we conducted a series of irradiations at the Centro de Microanálisis de Materiales (CMAM) using proton beams with an energy of 10 MeV and measured dose distributions in stacks of unlaminated EBT3 films. Additionally, materials such as PDMS, Flexdym™, and glass were placed in the beam path to evaluate the effects on the dose and LET distributions. The experimental dose values were compared to Monte Carlo simulations conducted using the TOPAS toolkit, where scoring for dose and LET in the active layer of the films was performed.
Our results demonstrate a significant discrepancy between the measured and simulated doses in regions with high LET. The current Sánchez-Parcerisa model was unable to fully account for this loss in RE, particularly for LET values above 20 KeV/um. Through the application of a bootstrapping technique, we developed a new model to fit experimental data to an improved RE(LET) function. This model, validated through uncertainty analysis, shows a substantial improvement in predicting dose in high-LET regions compared to the previous model.
Preliminary findings suggest that the optimized model provides more accurate dose predictions for proton energies below 10 MeV, reducing the uncertainties observed in the experimental data. This correction will enable a more precise dose estimation in proton therapy, especially in applications where low-energy protons are used, improving treatment outcomes.Ponente: Adrián Zazpe (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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Coffee break 30m
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COMCHAModeradores: Arantza Oyanguren (IFIC- Valencia), Luca Fiorini (IFIC / U. Valencia - CSIC)
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Activities at IFCA 30mPonente: Pablo Martinez Ruiz Del Arbol (Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria)
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Topical subject: Inclusive Flavor Tagging at LHCb 30mPonente: Claire Prouve (Universidade da Coruña)
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Física TeóricaModerador: Dr. Mercedes Martín (UCM)
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Dimensionally reduced EFTs for cosmological phase transitions 15m
The upcoming launch of the LISA interferometer has recently strengthened the interest in exploring SM extensions where a gravitational wave-producing, strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) occurs in the early universe. One of the preferred approaches to the study of thermal FOPTs is through the construction of a dimensionally reduced effective field theory (3dEFT) where the temperature only appears in the Wilson coefficients.
In this talk we will summarize the key aspects and advantages of this approach. We will provide a rigorous perturbative method to compute the essential observables for modelling the GW production in a SFOPT, and we will discuss the importance of including higher-order effective operators in these computations, which are often overlooked in the current literature.
Ponente: Luis Gil (FTAE, Universidad de Granada) -
16:45
J/ψ leptoproduction at small transverse momentum 15m
We study the J/ψ production at small transverse momenta at lepton-hadron colliders in the limit when the exchange photon is real, i.e. leptoproduction. In this talk I discuss the TMD factorization of the cross-section of that process in terms of the so-called TMD Shape Functions (TMDShFs), the promoted LDMEs when the transverse momentum becomes relevant. I then discuss our results for the TMDShFs at next-to-leading order, the evolution of them and the matching onto the LDMEs at large transverse momentum region. In the end, I discuss the hard part of the process.
Ponente: Samuel F. Romera (University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU) -
17:00
Mathematical aspects of the asymptotic expansion in Contour Improved Perturbation Theory for Hadronic Tau Decays 15m
The discrepancy between the fixed-order (FOPT) and contour-improved (CIPT) perturbative expansions for $\tau$-lepton decay hadronic spectral function moments have been affecting the precision of $α_s$ determinations for many years. The CIPT expansion is special because it is not a power expansion, but represents an asymptotic expansion in a sequence of functions of the strong coupling. In this article we provide a closer look at the mathematical aspects of the asymptotic sequence of the functions the CIPT method is based on, and we expose the origin of the CIPT inconsistency as well as the reasons for its apparent good convergence at low orders. Our results are of general interest, and may in particular provide a useful tool to check for the consistency of expansion methods that are similar to CIPT.
Ponente: Néstor González Gracia (IFIC, Universitat de València) -
17:15
Vacuum amplitudes in the loop-tree duality for theoretical predictions at colliders 15m
This talk presents recent advances in the cancellation of ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) singularities within perturbative quantum field theory (QFT), focusing on automating theoretical tools for more precise predictions at high-energy colliders. Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) is introduced as an efficient technique to achieve the local cancellation of singularities directly at the integrand level, eliminating the need for dimensional regularization. This approach naturally unifies loop and tree-level contributions, simplifying integrals and optimizing the calculation of amplitudes.
Additionally, the talk explores the causal properties of scattering amplitudes within the LTD representation and how these can be leveraged to enhance precision in higher-order QFT processes. Furthermore, advancements in quantum computing are discussed, specifically its use in efficiently calculating scattering amplitudes within the LTD framework. Quantum algorithms are employed to optimize Feynman integrals, facilitate the analysis of higher-order processes, and leverage quantum entanglement to solve problems in quantum field theory more efficiently. This opens new possibilities for simulating higher-order phenomena at high-energy colliders.
Ponente: Sr. David Renteria-Estrada (IFIC-CSIC, Universitat de València) -
17:30
Renormalization of the SMEFT to dimension eight: Fermionic interactions 15m
The Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) provides a systematic way to incorporate potential new physics effects and is therefore instrumental in testing the validity of the SM. To this end, a major challenge lies in achieving greater precision in SMEFT calculations, which includes the computation of observables to O(1/Λ²) (dimension-six) at one-loop and to O(1/Λ⁴) (dimension-eight) at tree level. Furthermore, for consistency as well as for testing the SMEFT against data obtained at very different scales, the dimension-eight SMEFT should be renormalized to the one-loop level. This work contributes to this endeavour by computing two-fermion renormalization group equations (RGEs) induced by pairs of dimension-six terms. Our approach relies on off-shell diagrammatic techniques, for which we build a new basis of dimension-eight Green’s functions with two-fermions and two or more Higgs fields. We apply diagrammatic on-shell matching to minimize redundant interactions, relying on the equivalence of the S-matrices computed within the redundant and non-redundant Lagrangians.
Ponente: Srta. Fuensanta Vilches Bravo (Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada) -
17:45
Model of the $W$-external emission topology in the $D_s^+ \rightarrow K^+ K^- K^+$ decay 15m
A theoretical review of the $D^{+}_S\rightarrow K^+K^-K^+$ decay is shown by introducing the $W$-external emission topology and its visualization using Dalitz plots. The model relies on chiral perturbation theory ($\chi PT$) with resonances, the heavy quark spin symmetry (HQSS), form factors, and two bodies' final states interactions. The resulting amplitude for the $D^{+}_S\rightarrow 3K$ decay coincides with the decay channel phenomenological knowledge, by the presence of the tail of $f_0(980)$ at the beginning of the phase space and the dominance of the $\phi(1020)$ resonant structures. Additionally, the model implemented has the freedom to be adjusted with future fittings.
Ponente: David Alejandro Barón Ospina (Instituto de Física corpuscular IFIC) -
18:00
Proton tomography at colliders: 3D gluon distributions from LHC to EIC 15m
Unraveling the inner dynamics of gluons and quarks inside nucleons is a primary target of studies at colliders. Finding an answer to fundamental problems of Quantum ChromoDynamics, such as the origin of nucleon mass and spin, strongly depends on our ability of reconstructing the 3D motion of partons inside the parent hadrons. We present progresses and challenges in the study and extraction of gluon transverse-momentum-dependent parton densities (TMD PDFs), which still represent a largely unexplored field. Particular attention is paid to the time-reversal odd gluon TMD PDFs, which represent a key ingredient in the description of relevant spin-asymmetries emerging when the nucleon is polarized, as the gluon Sivers effect. All these analyses are helpful to shed light on the gluon dynamics inside nucleons and nuclei, which is one of the primary goals of new-generation colliders, as the Electron-Ion Collider, the High-Luminosity LHC its fixed-target program.
Ponente: Dr. Francesco Giovanni Celiberto (UAH Madrid)
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Instrumentación: Astropartículas y PartículasModerador: Ivan Vila Alvarez (Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC))
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The SBND X-ARAPUCA system 12m
SBND is a time-projection chamber that collects ionisation electrons and scintillation photons from liquid argon (LArTPC). It is located 110 m downstream the Booster Neutrino Beam target at Fermilab and began taking data this year. The SBND physics program is focused on neutrino-argon cross-sections and beyond the Standard Model searches (sterile neutrinos, heavy neutral leptons, light dark matter...). The photodetection system (PDS) provides trigger capabilities, cosmic-rays rejection (a large background due to the near-surface detector location), and complementary calorimetry. The PDS includes PMTs and X-ARAPUCAs sensors, a novel technology that features single photo-electron resolution at cryogenic temperatures with large area coverage in a cost-effective fashion by trapping and guiding the light to arrays of SiPMs. SBND features two types of X-ARAPUCAs, one mostly sensitive to vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) scintillation and one sensitive to visible light produced in the detector by TPB-coated reflective foils. SBND is the only experiment currently testing the X-ARAPUCA technology in a neutrino beam over a period of several years, and will provide key lessons for future detectors like DUNE. In order to characterize the sensor it is essential to estimate its photon detection efficiency (PDE). In this talk, we present an overview of the SBND X-ARAPUCA system and the PDE measurements at cryogenic temperature carried out at the CIEMAT laboratory.
Ponente: Sr. Jorge Romeo (CIEMAT) -
16:45
The CADEx experiment. Progress on the technology demonstration of the cavity haloscope operating in W-band. 12m
The Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx) will search for the axion in the yet unexplored mass range 330-460 micro-eV. Operating in the W-band (75-100 GHz) will combine, for the first time, a cavity haloscope in a strong magnetic field with broadband KIDs arrays to detect the polarization signature of the axion. CADEx will be installed at the mK cryostat of the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC). To achieve the projected sensitivity of CADEx, the key elements of the experiment need to be developed by pushing the performances of the cavities at very short wavelengths (3 mm) and the bandwidth and sensitivities KIDs in the W-band.
This talk introduces the multiple-cavities concept in CADEx and focuses on the development of a single cavity, its link with the horn antenna which connects the cavity with the quasi-optic stage, and its coupling and tuning subsystems, obtaining a frequency range from 90 to 102 GHz with a single cavity. First resonance measurements with a prototype cavity and proof of concept of the tuning system for lower frequencies (X band) will be shown.Ponente: Jesus Martin-Pintado (Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC, INTA)) -
17:00
The CTA Observatory: Status and Spanish contributions 12m
The CTA Observatory aims to contribute to the development of gamma-ray astronomy by improving the sensitivity of current Cherenkov telescopes by an order of magnitude. To achieve this, two arrays of telescopes will be constructed: one at Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma, and the other at Cerro Paranal in Chile. Each array will include three types of telescopes: small ones for gamma-ray showers above 10 TeV, medium for showers between 100 GeV and 10 TeV, and large ones for showers between 10 and 100 GeV. In 2018, the first large CTA telescope (LST-1) was inaugurated in La Palma, and the LST-2, 3, and 4 telescopes are currently in an advanced stage of construction. This presentation will review the current status of the project, examining in detail the Spanish contributions to the different subsystems. These contributions are focused on the cameras of LSTs and NectarCAM-type MSTs, the analysis pipeline, and some specific contributions to mechanics and ancillary subsystems.
Ponente: Dr. Luis Ángel Tejedor Álvarez (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
17:15
Characterization and Modeling of SiPMs at GAE-UCM 12m
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become an excellent option for photon detection, emerging as a strong alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes in various fields of high-energy physics. Although they offer numerous advantages, such as high gain, excellent temporal resolution, and insensitivity to magnetic fields, SiPMs also have some drawbacks, the most notable being correlated noise and device non-linearity. The study of these issues has been one of the research lines pursued by the High Energy Group (GAE) at UCM in recent years [1,2,3,4]. This presentation will discuss the results of GAE's work in understanding and addressing these problems.
To model non-linearity, a mathematical expression is proposed that relates the number of incident photons to the charge released by SiPMs for light pulses of arbitrary shape and intensity. This expression introduces a simple model for the charge recovery of SiPM microcells after an initial avalanche, which remains valid even after hundreds of avalanches in the same microcell. This expression also takes into account various factors that affect the response of SiPMs, such as the finite number of cells, correlated noise, and the shape of the incident light pulse. To study such a high level of saturation a detailed Monte Carlo simulation code was developed. Both the code and the expression have been validated by comparison with experimental data.
To characterize correlated noise, detailed software tools are being developed for waveform analysis, they are also useful for other typical measurements associated with SiPMs such as dark current rate and PDE. These tools can produce very clear finger plots as well as identify different kinds of correlated noise
Finally, the collaborations that GAE has had with other research groups will also be discussed, where these tools have begun to be used, as well as future work in this line of research.[1] L. Gallego, J. Rosado, F. Blanco and F. Arqueros, Modelling crosstalk in silicon photomultipliers, 2013 JINST 8 P05010.
[2] J. Rosado and S. Hidalgo, “Characterization and modeling of crosstalk and afterpulsing in Hamamatsu silicon photomultipliers,” J. Instrum., vol. 10, Oct. 2015, Art. no. P10031. doi: 10.1088/1748-0221/10/10/P10031.
[3] Rosado, Jaime. (2019). Modeling the Nonlinear Response of Silicon Photomultipliers. IEEE Sensors Journal. PP. 1-1. 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2938018.
[4] Moya-Zamanillo, V.; Rosado, J. Understanding the Nonlinear Response of SiPMs. Sensors 2024, 24, 2648. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082648Ponente: Víctor Moya Zamanillo (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
17:30
Novel Timing and Synchronization Trends for Particle Detectors: Experience with White Rabbit-Based Distributed System Spanning from Accelerators to Future Detectors 12m
The rapid evolution in high-luminosity colliders necessitates ultra-precise timing detectors capable of picosecond-level accuracy. This presentation explores the development of a distributed timing architecture based on deterministic protocols, as the High Accuracy Default PTP Profile of IEEE1588-2019 – a.k.a. White Rabbit (WR), to address stringent timing demands in next-generation particle detectors. Our primary objective is to implement a scalable timing distribution system that delivers a clocking signal enabling an absolute time reference among different detectors. The system automatically copes perturbations influencing the distribution network, as thermal cycles, to overcome inherent instabilities and limitations. The stable common notion of time synchronizes measurements between pre-target and post-target detectors, improving the fidelity of particle flight time measurements and enabling high-resolution 4D tomography.
The presentation introduces some key aspects and background for 4D timing detectors and presents preliminary results that include benchmarking commercially available (COTS) and custom solutions to assess limitations in jitter, phase stability, and determinism. The proposed system integrates prototype 4D detectors featuring LGAD sensors and ETROC2 readout chips, synchronized through the WR platform. We present our experience and efforts with WR technology analysis, equipment procurement, prototype development, functional testing, and a final review of performance limitations.Ponente: Dr. Fco. Javier Galindo Guarch (Instituto Tecnológico de Aragón) -
17:45
CIEMAT's detector developments for CMS HL-LHC Upgrade 12m
The CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC ) faces its High Luminosity fase (HL-LHC) with an ambitious detector upgrade program. CIEMAT's group activities focus on the Barrel Muon Drift Tubes (DT) subdetector electronics, which will be completely replaced to operate during HL-LHC. The upgraded architecture ships via optical links (lpGBT, VTRX+) all signals to the backend, where complex logic will run in FPGAs providing a precision matching the maximum chamber resolution. In this project CIEMAT makes hardware contributions in the full chain both at the frontend and backed.
This contribution will focus on the frontend part, where CIEMAT has designed the OBDtheta board, a 228 channels TDC readout mounting radiation tolerant flashbases PolaFire Microsemi FPGA and CERN's VTRX+ optics on a 14 layers halogen-free material PCB. The production of 180 boards (plus spares) is ongoing and will pass quality control at CIEMAT in the coming months. CIEMAT is also producing mechanics to cool, protect and support these electronics, as well as electronics and mechanics components for the CMS High Granualarity Calorimeter that will replace current endcap calorimeters. The status of these activities will be also reported.
Ponente: Ignacio Redondo Fernandez (CIEMAT) -
18:00
Instrumentation developments for particle detectors, astrophysics and medical imaging at ICCUB 12m
The Technological Unit of ICCUB is currently providing several research groups at the institute with services such as instrumentation and software development to support their contributions to international collaborations. Many developments in instrumentation are related to photosensors, microelectronics, and space technology, with key contributions to international projects such as LHCb, CTA, HERD, LISA, ARIEL, and axion detectors. Furthermore, this technology is also being applied in medical imaging and other fields in cooperation with academic and industrial partners.
In the particle detector field, the Technological Unit has long participated in the LHCb project, specifically in the Calorimeter sub-detector with PMT electronics readout. In recent years, phase I of the upgrade was completed, and the new low-noise analog ASIC has been producing data since 2022. Additionally, a new ASIC is being designed for phase II of the upgrade for the High Luminosity LHC to meet the new stringent conditions of the detector.
Regarding high-energy astrophysics, ICCUB has developed three different chips with significant contributions to the CTA cameras. More than 100,000 chips have been produced to equip 15 cameras, and there are plans to consolidate this contribution with additional chip production and participation in the commissioning at the North site in La Palma. An upgrade featuring new versions of chips with enhanced performance based on SiPM sensors is planned.
The unit is also involved in space missions, such as the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) experiment, proposed to search for signatures of the annihilation/decay products of dark matter, among other key measurements. The Beta ASIC designed for the Fiber Tracker and PSD subdetectors is crucial to this effort. Additionally, the Technological Unit is developing a radiation monitor for the LISA mission, a constellation of three satellites in heliocentric orbit dedicated to gravitational wave observations by ESA.
Other instrumentation contributions include radiopure electronics for the International Axion Observatory (IAXO), a next-generation axion helioscope aimed at the search for solar axions and axion-like particles (ALPs).
Lastly, the medical imaging section of ICCUB makes use of the ASICS developed. For instance, the PETVision project aims to leverage vertical integration techniques to build a modular ToF-PET scanner with next-generation performance at an affordable cost.Ponente: Eduardo Picatoste Olloqui (University of Barcelona (ES))
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RENATA (Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas)Moderador: María Martínez (Universidad de Zaragoza)
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Results from six years of ANAIS-112 and future prospects 15m
The ANAIS experiment aims to independently verify or refute the
longstanding positive annual modulation signal observed by DAMA/LIBRA
using the same target and technique. While other experiments have ruled
out the parameter region highlighted by DAMA/LIBRA, their results rely
on assumptions on the dark matter particle and its velocity
distribution, as they utilize different target materials. ANAIS−112,
comprising nine 12.5 kg NaI(Tl) modules arranged in a 3×3 matrix
configuration, has been continuously collecting data at the Canfranc
Underground Laboratory in Spain since August 2017, demonstrating
outstanding performance. Results based on three-year exposure were
consistent with the absence of modulation and not compatible with
DAMA/LIBRA at a sensitivity of almost 3σ confidence level. In this talk, the current state of the experiment and preliminary results with 6 years of data will be discussed. Updated sensitivity projections will be provided, foreseeing a 5σ exclusion of the DAMA/LIBRA signal by late 2025.Ponente: Tamara Pardo Yanguas (CAPA, Universidad de Zaragoza) -
16:50
The Underground Argon program of the Global Ar Dark Matter Collaboration 15m
DarkSide-20k is under construction at LNGS and is designed to lead the search for heavy WIMPs in the coming years. Argon has the advantage of pulse shape discrimination compared to other noble elements, but has the drawback of the cosmogenically induced Ar-39 content with an activity of 0.96 Bq/kg. Getting rid of this background is pivotal for the success of our scientific program. Hence, the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration (GADMC) has put in place a program for the exploitation of underground Ar (UAr), in which the concentration of this isotope is depleted by, at least, a factor 1400.
The extraction will take place in Colorado (US) in the Urania plant, the purification in Sardinia (It) in the ARIA plant and the characterization in Canfranc (Sp) in the DArT experiment. In this talk, we will present these infrastructures and their current status.
Ponente: Daniel Díaz Mairena (CIEMAT) -
17:05
Study of the energy response and position reconstruction with Na-22 source in DEAP-3600 15m
DEAP-3600 is a single-phase liquid argon (LAr) direct-detection dark matter experiment, operating 2 km underground at SNOLAB (Sudbury, Canada). The detector consists of 3.3 tons of Lar contained in a spherical acrylic vessel. At WIMP masses of 100 GeV, DEAP-3600 has a projected sensitivity of 10−46 cm2 for the spin independent elastic scattering cross section of WIMPs. External radioactive sources can be used to measure the energy calibration and to test the position reconstruction in the energy region of interest for WIMP signals. One of the most effective sources is Na-22 which is deployed in a tube located around the DEAP steel shell. Na-22 decays to an excited state of Ne-22 via a β +-decay, which de-excites by emitting a 1275 keV γ. The positron from the source decay annihilates resulting in the emission of two back-to-back 511 keV γ. The emission of the three γ particles following the Na-22 decay is nearly simultaneous, providing a very effective tagging algorithm for Na-22 decays to distinguish them from backgrounds in DEAP-3600. In this talk I will present the energy response and position reconstruction in DEAP-3600 with the Na-22 source.
Ponente: Ludovico Luzzi -
17:20
Removing the fog from dark matter direct detection with isospin violating interactions 15m
Dark matter direct detection is now standing at an interesting point where the neutrino background and the upper bound on the dark matter signal cross section are starting to overlap in a region of dark matter mass of around 10 GeV. However, if there exists BSM physics with isospin violating interactions between the dark and the SM sectors, both the neutrino fog and the DM exclusion bounds are modified. Considering U(1) extensions of the SM with a massive vector mediator (Z') as the dark portal, we show that both the dark matter-nucleus and the the neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENνS) cross sections decrease in a significant portion of the parameter space, relaxing the current limits and opening space for low-mass dark matter. In this work, we show scenarios with different coupling configurations where isospin violating models with a low-mass dark matter candidate are still valid in regions where isospin conserving models are ruled out.
Ponente: Adrián Terrones Aragón (IFIC, CSIC-UV) -
17:35
IAXO: Simulations, detector shielding and first results of the IAXO-D1 detector for the BAbyIAXO intermediate step at Zaragoza 15mPonente: Jorge Porrón Lafuente (Universidad de Zaragoza)
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17:50
The CADEx Experiment: A new haloscope axion search in the 330-460 micro-eV mass range at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) 15m
A range of haloscope searches are currently probing axions in the mass range ~2-40 micro-eV. However, simulations of the axion field in the early Universe are increasingly pointing towards heavier masses if we want the axion to comprise all of the Dark Matter in the Universe. I will present the Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx), a proposed haloscope search in the well-motivated but currently under-explored mass range 330-460 micro-eV. CADEx, to be installed at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC), will consist of an array of microwave resonant cavities in a static magnetic field, coupled to a highly sensitive detecting system based on Kinetic Inductance Detectors. I will present the timeline for CADEx as well as forecasts for its sensitivity to axions, dark photons, and more.
Ponente: Jesus Martin-Pintado (Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC, INTA)) -
18:05
The CADEx experiment: progress on the technology demonstration of the superconducting Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) system 15m
The Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx) will search for the axion in the yet unexplored mass range of 330-460 micro-electronvolts (µeV). Operating in the W-band (75-100 GHz), CADEx will be installed in a dilution cryostat at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC), combining, for the first time, a cavity haloscope in a strong magnetic field with a camera made with Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs). This novel combination is designed to detect the polarization signature of the axion.
Achieving the necessary sensitivity requires advancements in two key areas: enhancing the performance of the cavities in the haloscope at very short wavelengths (3 mm) and reaching the ultimate sensitivity of the KID-based detection system in the W-band. In this work, we present the initial results concerning the bandwidth and sensitivity obtained from a 3-by-3 pixel prototype camera, with each pixel being a KID fabricated from a superconducting Ti/Al bilayer. The characterization of this device was performed at 10 mK. We have measured a Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) of order 10^{-19} W·Hz^{-0.5}, providing promising indications of the camera's capability, and marking an essential step towards realizing the full potential of CADEx's search for distinct signals of the dark photon or axions in the W-band.
Ponente: Víctor Rollano (Center of Astrobiology (INTA - CSIC)) -
18:20
First results from the NA64 experiment using a high energy muon beam 15m
The quest for feebly or weakly interacting particles (FIPs) arising in low-scale New Physics (NP) scenarios is a very active topic. NA64 is a world-reference fixed target experiment at CERN searching for FIPs in the scattering of electron, positron and muons on a target. Several and well-motivated NP scenarios suggest FIPs particles preferably coupled to muons as: Z' bosons in $L_{\mu}-L_{\tau}$ models as one of the remaining explanation of the g-2 anomaly and the DM puzzle; Dark Photons as a portal to DM with masses above 300 MeV which are neither accessible with electron or positron beams; FIPs can also mediate Lepton Flavour Violation (LFV) processes such as μN → τX or μN → eX conversion processes and many more as scalar, ALPs, millicharged particles,… The goal of NA64μ is to search for FIPs using the unique high energy and high intensity muon beam at CERN SPS. In this talk, I will describe the first published results recently using $1.98\times10^{10}$ muons on target and the future prospects of the experiment.
Ponente: Laura Molina Bueno (IFIC, CSIC-UV)
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16:35
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16:30
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18:30
Red FNUC (Red Temática de Física Nuclear)Moderadores: Cesar Domingo-Pardo (IFIC (CSIC-University of Valencia)), Tomás Raúl Rodríguez Frutos (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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16:30
Beta Spectra Shape Studies for the Prediction of Reactor Antineutrino Spectra 7m
Predictions of the spectra of nuclear reactors’ electron antineutrinos do not coincide with the measurements [1]. These differences are known as the “Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly” and the spectral “bump” [2]. The e-shape collaboration looks for solutions for these problems via the improvement of relevant nuclear models used in the calculation of antineutrino spectra from reactors [3]. The collaboration uses the summation method [4] to calculate predictions of reactors’ antineutrino spectra due to its improved results over other methods, and electron $\Delta$E-E detectors to measure the beta spectra of relevant contributors to the antineutrino spectra [5]. Measurements of beta shapes were conducted at IGISOL-4 because the facility has a double Penning trap (JYFLTRAP) that produces isotopically clean radioactive beams of the isotopes of interest. This work presents the analysis of the Rb-92 beta spectrum measured at the facility during the I233 experiment.
[1] G. Mention, et al., Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) pg. 073006.
[2] J. H. Choi, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) pg. 211801.
[3] A. Algora, et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 57 (2021) pg. 85.
[4] M. Estienne, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) pg. 022502.
[5] V. Guadilla, et al., arXiv preprint, arXiv:2305.13832 (2023).Ponente: Dr. Alcalá Gustavo (IFIC) -
16:37
Status and perspectives of (alpha,n) reactions measurements at CNA HiSPANoS 7m
Neutron emitted in nuclear reactions following the absorption of alpha particles play a key role in several fields of research: acting as neutron source in the s-process, affecting the production of elements in the r-process occurring in the neutron driven winds of core-collapse supernova, inducing background signals in underground dark matter search experiments, or being a proxy for active interrogation of nuclear materials. Accordingly, there is a renewed interest in measuring the yields and energy spectra of (alpha,n) reactions on many isotopes (see. Ref. [1] for a recent overview of the scientific cases and a summary of the reactions of interest in the mentioned fields of research). In this context, the Spanish experimental nuclear physics community has established the MANY (Measurements of Alpha-N Yields) Collaboration to measure (alpha,n) reactions at two different accelerator facilities (CNA HiSPANoS [2,3] and CMAM [4]) using three complementary detectors for assessing the corresponding neutron yields (miniBELEN [5] and GARY [6]) and energy spectra (MONSTER [7]).
The CNA HiSPANoS facility is driven by a 3 MV tandem accelerator delivering both continuous and pulsed (2% duty cycle) beams of proton/deuteron up to 6 MeV and alphas up to 9 MeV. The current source of alphas is a NEC-ALPHATROSS model delivering a maximum current of only 2 uA, and the pulsing systems is only designed and optimized for protons and deuterons, hence performing poorly for alpha beams. This configuration is well suited for activation and neutron counting experiments with miniBELEN, which shall start in early 2025, and the results from preliminary measurements on 27Al(alpha,n) by ToF using the pulsed beam and a single MONSTER neutron detector module are promising. However, the limitations in beam current and pulsing performance have called for a major upgrade. First, a more versatile buncher system is currently being designed by NEC and <2 ns bunches of alpha particles will be available by Fall 2025. Furthermore, the necessary funds have been secured to purchase and install a NEC-TORVIS ion source capable of delivering alpha beam currents one order of magnitude higher, i.e. 20 uA.
[1] D. Cano-Ott et al., arXiv:2405.07952 (2024)
[2] J. Gómez-Camacho et al., Eur. Phys. J. Plus, 136:273 (2021)
[3] M.A. Millán-Callado et al., Rad. Phys. and Chem. 217 (2024) 111464
[4] A. Redondo-Cubero et al., Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136:175 (2021)
[5] N. Mont-Geli et al., Eur. Phys. J. Web of Conf., 284 (2023) 06004
[6] L.M. Fraile et al., “Measurement of Al(,n) P thick-target yields and total Al(α,n) yields by activation”, IAEA 2nd TM on (,n) Reaction Nuclear Data Evaluations and Data Needs (2023)
[7] T. Martínez et al., Nucl. Data Sheets 120 (2014) 78-80
[8] G. J. H. Jacobs and H. Liskien, Annals of Nucl. Energy 10, 541 (1983)Ponente: Carlos Guerrero (Universidad de Sevilla) -
16:44
Advancements in detector development and capture cross-section measurements at n_TOF for nuclear technology applications 7m
The neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN is dedicated to measuring neutron-induced reaction cross-sections of relevance to nuclear technologies, astrophysics, and other scientific applications. The facility uses a high-intensity neutron source, a large lead spallation target coupled with the CERN-PS 20 GeV/c proton beam, and features three experimental areas: Experimental Area 1 (EAR1), located approximately 185 meters horizontally from the spallation target; Experimental Area 2 (EAR2), positioned vertically around 20 meters from the target; and the newly established NEAR station, located about 3 meters from the target and currently in the commissioning phase.
Since the beginning of the n_TOF collaboration, CIEMAT has been engaged in capture measurements relevant to nuclear technologies. Over recent years, we have been focused on developing new detectors and conducting capture measurements for various isotopes.
In the area of detector development, the sTED detector was constructed and commissioned in 2023 at EAR2, initially with 9 modules. A planned upgrade of the sTED detector to 27 modules is scheduled for construction in 2025, which will significantly enhance the setup’s efficiency. Additionally, a comprehensive validation of the C$_6$D$_6$ detectors used at n_TOF was completed last year, demonstrating that the new C$_6$D$_6$-Legnaro detectors exhibit a notably improved response. Consequently, further units of these detectors will be acquired to optimize measurement capabilities.
In recent years, several neutron capture cross-section measurements have been conducted in EAR1 using C$_6$D$_6$ detectors. These include studies on Tantalum, relevant for space nuclear reactors; $^{167}$Er, considered as a burnable absorber for nuclear reactors; and $^{238}$U, a major component in light water reactors. The status of these measurements, along with the latest details of the data analysis, will be presented.Ponente: Victor Alcayne Aicua (CIEMAT (Spain)) -
16:51
NuDEX (a Nuclear DE-eXcitation code) 7m
Durante los últimos años hemos desarrollado en la Unidad de Innovación Nuclear del CIEMAT el código NuDEX, el cual sirve para modelar la generación de cascadas de rayos gamma y electrones provenientes de desexcitaciones nucleares.
La forma de operar de NuDEX es muy similar a la de DICEBOX [1] o DEGEN [2]: lo que hace es generar el esquema de niveles completo por debajo del nivel del que parte la desexcitación, junto con las probabilidades de transición asociadas y coeficientes de conversión interna. Todos estos valores se toman de una base de datos basada en RIPL-3 y ENSDF, si son conocidos, o se generan a partir de modelos estadísticos, en caso contrario. Dicha base de datos se distribuye con el código y permite generar cascadas de desexcitación de manera automática para una gran cantidad de núcleos.
En julio del presente año hemos hecho pública la primera versión de NuDEX, que está disponible a través del siguiente enlace: https://github.com/UIN-CIEMAT/NuDEX.
En la reunión del CPAN presentaremos el código y mostraremos posibles aplicaciones del mismo.[1] F. Bečvář, Simulation of γ cascades in complex nuclei with emphasis on assessment of uncertainties of cascade-related quantities, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 417 (2) (1998) 434 – 449. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00787-6
[2] D. Jordan et al., An event generator for simulations of complex β-decay experiments, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 828 (2016) 52 – 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.034
Ponente: Emilio Mendoza (CIEMAT) -
16:58
Recent results of experiment IS690: Exploring the excited structure of $^{11}$Li through (t,p) reactions at CERN-ISOLDE 7m
Halo nuclei are a group of nuclei characterized by a low binding energy for their last nucleons, situated in low orbital momentum states and, as a consequence, an unusually large spatial extension that deviates from the standard $r=r_0 A^{1/3}$ relation. The first empirical observation of this behaviour came from experimental measurements of the interaction cross-section for neutron-rich nuclei, specifically the scattering cross-section of Lithium isotopes. As the number of neutrons approached the dripline, the interaction radius deviated from theoretical predictions, with $^{11}$Li being the most noticeable case [1]. This discovery was interpreted as a new type of nuclear structure [2], formed by a compact core and an external set of nucleons. This hypothesis was confirmed a few years later in $^{11}$Li break-up experiments [3].
$^{11}$Li can be considered the archetype of a two-neutron halo: a three-body system formed by two weakly correlated neutrons loosely bound to the $^9$Li ground state (g.s.) [4]. Despite being intensively studied for a long time, there are still open questions regarding the structure of $^{11}$Li. While the g.s. is known to be a mixture of p ($59(1)\%$), s ($35(4)\%$), and d ($6(4)\%$) waves [5], knowledge of higher-energy resonant states (no excited states are bound in $^{11}$Li) is not well settled, as different reaction studies give different results.
The low-lying continuum spectrum of $^{11}$Li is dominated by broad dipole structures observed in several experiments, while narrower resonances have been proposed up to 6.2 MeV. Recent results on the low-lying continuum structure in $^{11}$Li have been obtained from inelastic p- and d-scattering at TRIUMF [6,7]. The elastic cross-sections obtained from both experiments are consistent; however, the inelastic scattering results indicated a resonant state at 0.80(4) MeV, $\Gamma=1.15(6)$ MeV for proton inelastic scattering [7], and this same resonance was characterized to be at 1.03(4) MeV, $\Gamma=0.51(11)$ MeV with deuteron scattering [6]. However, a more relevant question concerns the physical process involved: excitation to resonance or direct excitation to the continuum?
Most experiments that explore the excited structure of $^{11}$Li start from $^{11}$Li g.s, which is promoted to excited levels. The only exception is the study of the (very complex) $^{14}$C($\pi^-$,p+d) reaction [8], whose results were limited by low resolution. The MAGISOL collaboration has performed an experiment, IS690 [9], intending to probe the excited structure of $^{11}$Li through an alternate approach: populate directly the excited states of $^{11}$Li using a two-neutron transfer reaction $^9$Li(t,p)$^{11}$Li, and obtain information of the excited states through the momentum distribution of the residual proton. This experiment complements the $^{11}$Li(p,t)$^9$Li experiment carried out at TRIUMF [10], additionally, knowledge of the elastic scattering channel can be employed to fix optical potentials in the theoretical models.
IS690 took place at the Scattering Experimental Chamber (SEC) in the HIE-ISOLDE facility at CERN between the 14th and 22nd of October 2024. A post-accelerated 7 MeV/u $^9$Li beam was impinged on a $^3$H target ($^3$H absorbed in a thin Ti-foil at a ratio of $\sim$0.4/1). The energy of the incoming $^9$Li beam, 7 MeV/u, was chosen to facilitate the 2n transfer while reducing the number of additional open channels. An upgraded detection setup was prepared to detect the emitted protons from the $^9$Li(t,p)$^{11}$Li reaction and distinguish them from background reactions, especially $^9$Li(p,d)$^{10}$Li and elastic channels, as well as protons from Ti(t,p). The setup offered optimal angular coverage and consisted of three detector structures: (a) five particle telescopes (DSSD+PAD) forming a pentagon around the target, (b) a frontal telescope formed by two S3-CD detectors, and (c) a backward S5 detector to detect backward protons.
In this contribution, we will give an overview of the experiment and a summary of the (very recent) data obtained, along with our preliminary analysis.
References
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Time-of-Flight Committee (2021), European Organization for Nuclear
Research. - T. Roger et al., Phys. Rev. C 79 (2009) 031603(R).
Ponente: Daniel Fernandez Ruiz (IEM-CSIC) -
17:05
Single-particle states in fp-shell nuclei through 50Ca(d, p)51Ca transfer reaction. 7m
Neutron-rich Ca isotopes towards neutron number N = 34 are pivotal for exploring the evolution of the fp-shell orbitals [1]. Beyond the N = 28 shell gap at 48Ca, new magic numbers at N = 32 and 34 were established through spectroscopy of low-lying states [2] and mass measurements [3]. Most recently, the spatial extension of the 1f7/2 and 2p3/2 neutron orbitals was determined via a one-neutron knockout reaction from 52Ca [4], while the single-particle 2p1/2 , 1f5/2 and 1g9/2 orbitals defining the shell gaps at N = 32, 34 remain to be established experimentally. The 50Ca(d, p)51Ca transfer reaction presents itself as well suited-method to access spectroscopic factors in the fp-shell, where the angular distribution of the reaction products allow for deduction of the angular momentum transfer.
The SHARAQ12 experiment was performed at the RIKEN Nishina Center in December of 2022 and May of 2024, aiming to study the single-particle structure of 51Ca via the (d, p) reaction using a 50Ca secondary beam. The secondary beam was produced at the BigRIPS separator and then degraded to approximately 15 MeV/nucleon at the OEDO [5] beamline. Beam-tracking has been performed with the recently developed Strip-Readout PPAC detectors [6], recoiling protons coming from the interaction of the beam with the secondary target of CD2 (260 μg/cm2 in 2022, 644 μg/cm2 in 2024) have been identified with the detector setup TINA2 [7], while the heavy recoils have been identified at the QQD SHARAQ spectrometer. In this contribution, I will present the experiment, current status of the analysis, and the implications on the structure of neutron-rich Ca isotopes.
References
[1] T. Otsuka et al. Rev. Mod. Phys., 92:015002 (2020).
[2] D. Steppenbeck et al. Nature 502(7470), 207 (2013).
[3] F. Wienholtz et al. Nature 498(7454), 346, (2013).
[4] M. Enciu et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 262501 (2022).
[5] S. Michimasa et al. Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2019, 043D01 (2019).
[6] S. Hanai et al. Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 123H02 (2023).
[7] P. Schrock et al. RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 51 20 (2018).Ponente: Carlos Ferrera González (IEM-CSIC) -
17:12
The STAR array for high sensitivity (n,ɣ) cross-section measurements at the cern n_tof facility 7m
Historically, innovations in detection techniques and advances in high-quality pulsed neutron beams have led to fascinating discoveries in stellar nucleosynthesis and subsequent refinements of theoretical models of stellar structure and galactic chemical evolution.
The n_TOF collaboration has been advancing innovative (n,γ) experimental setups aimed at achieving high sensitivity for challenging isotopes with low neutron capture cross sections and/or highly radioactive, while keeping possible systematics, such as dead time and pile-up corrections, under control [Bal24]. In 2022, a new state-of-the-art (n,γ) experimental setup was commissioned at n_TOF EAR2 [Weiss15], consisting of an array of nine sTED units [Alc24] arranged in a cylindrical configuration close to the target, two conventional large-volume C6D6 detectors, and one LaCl₃(Ce) detector [Bal23a,Ler23]. This setup enabled a significant improvement in terms of detection sensitivity and covered neutron-energy range.
Further improvements could be attained with the use of a new scintillation material replacing the liquid C6D6. Recent advancements in solution-growth methods for trans-stilbene crystals have enabled the production of high-purity deuterated stilbene (stilbene-d12) crystals. With their favorable properties with respect to liquid C6D6, such as higher density, excellent n/γ discrimination, larger light yield, and reduced chemical risks, deuterated stilbene presents a promising alternative to liquid C6D6 scintillators. Their solid-state form allows for thinner encapsulation, eliminates the need for expansion volumes, and removes the requirement for a borosilicate quartz window for optical coupling. Additionally, they can be more easily coupled to photosensors, thereby facilitating the use of Silicon photomultipliers and further reducing the material budget per detector. These factors contribute to lowering the intrinsic neutron sensitivity of the detection device, thereby enhancing systematic accuracy in nuclei or neutron energy regions where elastic scattering dominates. Such developments will enable superior detection sensitivities in radiative neutron-capture cross-section measurements and they will open the possibility for (n,n) and (n,n’) measurements over broad neutron-energy ranges and will reduce neutron-induced backgrounds [Bal23b].
Driven by this motivation, we present a conceptual design study for a future Stilbene-d12 Detector Array, referred to as STAR, primarily aimed at (n,γ) measurements of very small and/or radioactive samples at CERN n_TOF EAR2. Conceptualization, MC design and Initial experimental results with a stilbene prototype will be presented at the time of the workshop.[Alc24] V. Alcayne et al., Radiat.Phys.Chem. 217 (2024) 111525
[Bal23a] J. Balibrea-Correa et al: EPJ Web Conf. 279 (2023) 06004
[Bal23b] J. Balibrea-Correa et al; CERN-INTC-2023-034 ; INTC-I-254. - 2023.
[Bal24] J. Balibrea-Correa et al: Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A 1064 (2024) 169385
[Ler23] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15714
[Weiss15] C. Weiss et al., NIM-A 799, 90-98 (2015)Ponente: Javier Balibrea Correa (Instituto de física corpuscular IFIC) -
17:19
New advances in the experimental studies of the $^{46}$Mn $\beta^+$ decay channel and its connection to $^{44}$Ti nucleosynthesis in CCSN 7m
The $^{44}$Ti nucleosynthesis takes place in Core Collapse Supernova (CCSN) explosions, the final process suffered by stars with initial mass greater than 8 M$_\odot$. This, alongside its characteristic gamma decay chain, turns the isotope into a good gamma tracer of Supernovae events. Besides, the comparison between observations and models of the synthesized $^{44}$Ti in CCSN gives important constraints to the models in which reaction networks are used for modeling nucleosynthesis occurring in the last stages of those stars with thermonuclear reaction rates as its inputs [1,2,3].
Indirect methods such as the $\beta$-delayed proton emission, may help us approach narrow isolated resonances which are very difficult to study directly by the current nuclear laboratories. This is the case of the $^{45}$V(p,$\gamma$)$^{46}$Cr reaction, one of the candidates is sensitive to the nucleosynthesis of $^{44}$Ti in CCSN explosions [1,4,5].
In the present work, we present the advances achieved at analyzing resonant contributions to the $^{45}$V(p,$\gamma$)$^{46}$Cr reaction by means of the $^{46}$Mn $\beta^+$ decay channel. For that purpose, and to study the excited states of his daughter nucleus $^{46}$Cr, the $^{46}$Mn was selected among other species in the fragmentation beam delivered by LISE fragment separator at GANIL (Caen, France). As part of our results, we present the proton and gamma emission peaks related to the $^{46}$Mn decay and compare them with the work from references [6,7]. Also, we present a p-$\gamma$ coincidence study to identify the processes linked to the $\gamma$ emission. Furthermore, we compare the intensities obtained from the $\gamma$ peaks with those of previous works [6].
[1] C. Illiadis, Nuclear Physics of Stars, Wiley-VCH (2007).
[2] A. Heger, C.L. Fryer, S.E. Woosley, N. Langer, and D.H. Hartmann, ApJ 591, 288-300 (2003).
[3] C. Giunti, and K.C. Wook, Fundamentals of Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Oxford University Press (2007).
[4] L. Trache, E. Simmons, et. al., AIP Conference Proceedings 1409, 67-70 (2011).
[5] L.-S. The, D.D. Clayton, L. Jin, and B.S. Meyer, ApJ 504, 500-515 (1998).
[6] C. Dossat, N. Adimi, et. al., Nuclear Physics A 792, 18-86 (2007).
[7] J. Giovinazzo, B. Blank, et. al., Eur. Phys. J. A 10, 73-84 (2001).Acknowledgments: This work is supported by DGAPA-UNAM IG101423 and CONACyT 314857 projects.
Ponente: David Godos Valencia (CEAFMC - Universidad de Huelva (Spain), Instituto de Física - UNAM (Mexico)) -
17:26
Fast-Timing Study of Nuclear Shape Deformation in 100Sr across N=60 7m
Fast-Timing Study of Nuclear Shape Deformation in $^{100}$Sr across N=60
The region around N≈60 with Z≤40 has generated considerable interest as it features the most abrupt shape transition known to date in the nuclear chart, when crossing from N=58 to N=60 [1]. This transition is closely linked to shape coexistence [2], a phenomenon where two or more states with different intrinsic shapes coexist within the same nucleus at low excitation energy and within a narrow energy range. Specifically, the abrupt change arises from the inversion of two distinct quantum configurations of nucleons, each corresponding to different nuclear shapes. These shifts are interpreted as quantum phase transitions [3], indicating a fundamental transformation in nuclear properties. This phase transition emphasizes the importance of nuclear deformations and the variety of shapes present in neutron-rich nuclei such as strontium and zirconium.
In the case of $^{100}$Sr (N=62), once shape inversion occurs at N=60, intruder states play a crucial role in understanding the structural evolution of the nucleus. These states refer to configurations where nucleons follow an orbital occupancy order that does not align with the predictions of the spherical shell model, underscoring the importance of deformation and collective effects.
To investigate shape transitions and nuclear structure in $^{100}$Sr, an experiment was conducted at the ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS) [4], populating their excited states via the beta decay of $^{100}$Rb. The fast-timing method [5], particularly through the use of γ-γ coincidences, enables the measurement of half-lives of excited states on the order of tens of picoseconds. A versatile detector system was employed, consisting of high-purity germanium (Clover-type) detectors for precise gamma-ray identification, plastic scintillators for beta particle detection, and LaBr$_{3}$(Ce) crystals, valued for their superior time resolution in measuring excited-state lifetimes.
This contribution presents new half-life measurements that resolve discrepancies from previous values and provide new insights into the nuclear structure of neutron-rich nuclei in the N≈60 region, furthering the understanding of the shape deformation phenomenon.
[1] R. Rodriguez-Guzman, P. Sarriguren, and L. M. Robledo. Shape evolution in yttrium and niobium neutron-rich isotopes. Phys. Rev. C, 83, 044307 (2011).
[2] A. Poves. Shape coexistence in nuclei. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 43, 020401 (2016).
[3] Tomoaki Togashi, Yusuke Tsunoda, Takaharu Otsuka, and Noritak Shimizu. Quantum Phase Transition in the Shape of Zr isotopes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 172502 (2016).
[4] ISOLDE Decay Station, CERN. Available online: https://isolde-ids.web.cern.ch/. Accessed on October 16, 2024.
[5] J.-M. Régis, G. Pascovici, J. Jolie, M. Rudigier. The mirror symmetric centroid difference method for picosecond lifetime measurements via γ-γ coincidences using very fast LaBr$_{3}$(Ce). Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 622, 83-92 (2010).
Ponente: Sr. Jesús Sánchez Prieto (Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC) -
17:33
Prospects for neutron capture measurements on key unstable isotopes of astrophysical relevance at the CERN n_TOF facility 7m
Neutron capture cross-section measurements are fundamental in the study of astrophysical phenomena, such as the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis operating in red-giant and massive stars [1]. Recently, the more exotic i-process, which involves higher neutron densities and more exotic nuclei than the s-process [2], is also gaining great interest.
One of the best suited methods to measure neutron capture (n,γ) cross sections over the full stellar range of interest is the time-of-flight (TOF) technique. However, TOF neutron capture measurements on s-process branching isotopes are very challenging due to the limited mass (~mg) available and the high experimental background arising from the sample activity [3]. The situation has improved in recent years with the combination of facilities with high instantaneous flux, such as the n_TOF-EAR2 facility, with detection systems with an enhanced detection sensitivity and high counting rate capabilities [4,5,6]. In this context, this contribution will present a brief summary about recent improvements at the n_TOF facility and some highlights of TOF measurements of key isotopes.
Despite the significant progresses, the TOF technique is still not capable to adress the neutron capture cross section of many key unstable isotopes [3,7]. And for others, it did not suceed to provide data over the complete neutron-energy ranges in order to derive direct information of astrophysical interest [8,9,10]. In this context, complementing the TOF technique with activation measurements in a quasi-stellar beam, when feasible, may deliver complementary and more accurate information on a specific cross section [8]. Moreover, the unsurpassed sensitivity of activation measurement opens the door to first-time measurements on much smaller sample quantities [7]. Following this logic, n_TOF has recently deployed the new high-flux n_TOF-NEAR activation station [11]. An overview will be given on recent activities and plans at the NEAR facility, including the development of CYCLING, a cyclic ativation station for (n,g) measurements. Last, future perspectives for neutron capture measurements CERN will also be briefly discussed, such as the possibilities of the ultra high-luminosity BDF neutron source and the synergic cooperation with ISOLDE to produce unstable targets.
References
[1] F. Käppeler, et al., Reviews of Modern Physics 83, 157 (2011)
[2] J.J. Cowan, W.K. Rose, Astrophys. J. 212, 149–158 (1977)
[3]. Guerrero et al., The European Physical Journal A 53, 87 (2017)
[4] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al, Recent highlights and prospects on (n,g) measurements at the CERN n_TOF facility, arXiv:2310.15714 (2024)
[5] V. Alcayne et al., Rad. Phys. Chem. 217, 111525 (2024)
[6] J. Balibrea-Correa, Nucl. Inst. Meth. A 1064, 169385 (2024)
[7] Domingo-Pardo, C. et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 59, 8 (2023).
[8] C. Guerrero, et al., (n_TOF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 142701 (2020)
[9] J. Balibrea et al., EPJ Web of Conferences 279, 06004 (2023)
[10] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., EPJ Web of Conferences 279, 06004 (2023)
[11] N. Patronis et al, The CERN n TOF NEAR station for astrophysics- and application-related neutron activation measurements, arXiv:2209.04443 (2023)Ponente: Jorge Lerendegui Marco (Instituto de Física Corpuscular) -
17:40
Nuclear structure of the exotic nucleus $^{\mathbf{84}}$Ge 7m
Nuclear structure of exotic nuclei near $^{78}\mathrm{Ni}$, with $Z = 28$ and $N = 50$, is fundamental to understand the doubly magic nature of this neutron-rich nucleus. Currently, many experimental and theoretical efforts are dedicated to investigating this region of the nuclear chart [1-5], aiming to comprehend the robustness of nuclear shells far from stability and the emergence of collective effects as nucleons are added. The interaction among valence nucleons may be capable of attenuating the magic nature of a nucleus very close to shell closures [6]. From this perspective, isotopes of Ge, with $Z = 32$, could be of significant interest to understand the evolution of the $N = 50$ gap.
This work focuses on the experimental and theoretical study of $^{84}\mathrm{Ge}$, with $Z = 32$ and $N = 52$. Although its excited structure has been previously attempted to be studied, it is not well established [2, 3, 7]. This study takes advantage of the good production and high purity of exotic nuclei $^{85,84}\mathrm{Ga}$ at the ISOLDE facility at CERN to populate the structure of $^{84}\mathrm{Ge}$ through $\beta^-n$ and $\beta^-$ decay [8]. High-resolution gamma spectroscopy is employed to investigate the excited structure, based on the gamma-gamma coincidences technique. In addition, two theoretical studies are proposed. One of them is based on the Interacting Shell Model [9, 10], aiming to observe the nucleus structure and the filling of single-particle levels, and compare with the experimental results. The other theoretical study complements the former; it is a beyond-mean-field study using the Projected Generator Coordinate Method to evaluate low-energy collective effects [11, 12].
References
[1] M. Lettmann, V. Werner, N. Pietralla, et al., Physical Review C 96 (2017) 011301.
[2] M. Lebois, D. Verney, F. Ibrahim, et al., Physical Review C 80 (2009) 044308.
[3] R. Yokoyama, R. Grzywacz, B. C. Rasco, et al., Physical Review C 108 (2023) 064307.
[4] K. Sieja, T. R. Rodríguez, K. Kolos, and D. Verney, Physical Review C 88 (2013) 034327.
[5] C. Delafosse, D. Verney, P. Marević, et al., Physical Review Letters 121 (2018) 192502.
[6] A. Huck, G. Klotz, A. Knipper, et al., Physical Review C 31 (1985) 2226.
[7] A. Korgul, K. P. Rykaczewski, R. Grzywacz, et al., Physical Review C 88 (2013) 044330.
[8] A. Illana, B. Olaizola, L. M. Fraile, et al., CERN-INTC-2016-034 / INTC-P-471, 2016.
[9] E. Caurier and F. Nowacki, Acta Physica Polonica B 30 (1999) 705.
[10] E. Caurier, G. Martínez-Pinedo, F. Nowacki, et al., Reviews of Modern Physics 77 (2005) 427–488.
[11] B. Bally, A. Sánchez-Fernández, and T. R. Rodríguez, The European Physical Journal A 57 (2021) 69.
[12] B. Bally and T. R. Rodríguez, The European Physical Journal A 60 (2024) 62.Ponente: Pablo González-Tarrío Vicente (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
17:47
Momentum Inference of the Ion-optics of WASA-FRS based on machine learning models 7m
Multimessenger measurements in astrophysics have become a key element in constraining the nuclear equation of state and the characteristics of neutron stars. The stellar characteristics of a neutron star are strongly affected by baryonic interactions. Constraints from experimental observations of heavy ions show remarkable consistency with astrophysical measurements and provide complementary information at intermediate densities. In this respect, the production of exotic hypernuclei in ion-induced reactions is expected to add precise observables at higher densities than those obtained in previous experiments.
The WASA-FRS HypHI Experiment focuses on the study of light hypernuclei by means of heavy-ion
induced reactions in 6Li collisions with 12C at 1.96GeV/u. It is part of the WASA-FRS experimental campaign, and so is the eta-prime experiment [1]. The distinctive combination of the high-resolution spectrometer FRS [2] and the high-acceptance detector system WASA [3] is used. The experiment was successfully conducted at GSI-FAIR in Germany in March 2022 as a component of the FAIR Phase-0 Physics Program, within the Super-FRS Experiment Collaboration. The primary objectives of this experiment are twofold: to shed light on the hypertriton puzzle [4] and to investigate the existence of the previously proposed nnΛ bound state [5]. Currently, the data from the experiment is under analysis.
Part of the data analysis is to provide a precise ion-optics of the measurement of the fragment orignated from the mesonic weak decay of the hypernuclei of interest. The reconstruction the ion-optics of fragments is based on the calibration run of FRS optics. We have proposed to implement machine learning models and neural networks to represent the ion-optics of FRS: While the current state of the problem involves solving equations of motion of particles in non-ideal magnetic fields - which leads to the application of approximations in the calculations - the implementation of artificial intelligence models allows us to obtain accurate results with possible better momentum resolution.
In this presentation, we will present the current status of the R&D in machine learning model of the ion-optics and the prospect of the inference of the measured momentum of the fragments based on the calibration data recorded during the WASA-FRS experimental campaign of 2022.
[1] Y.K. Tanaka et al., J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1643 (2020) 012181.
[2] H. Geissel et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 70 (1992) 286-297.
[3] C. Bargholtz et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 594 (2008) 339-350.
[4] T.R. Saito et al., Nature Reviews Physics 3 (2021) 803-813.
[5] C. Rappold et al., Phys. Rev. C 88 (2013) 041001.Ponente: David Calonge González (IEM CSIC) -
17:54
$^{50,53}$Cr neutron capture cross section measurements 7m
Chromium is a very relevant element regarding criticality safety in nuclear reactors because its presence in stainless steel, used as structural material. There are serious discrepancies between the different evaluated data of $^{50}$Cr and $^{53}$Cr neutron capture cross sections which are not present in the corresponding estimated uncertainties. The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) opened an entry in their High Priority Request List (HPRL) to measure these reactions between 1 and 100 keV within 8-10% accuracy. Two experiments have been performed for this matter: one based on the time-of-flight technique at the n_TOF facility of CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) and another based on activation of $^{50}$Cr at the HiSPANoS facility of CNA (Seville, Spain). The final results of both experiments, their comparison with the previous evaluations and their implications will be presented here.
Ponente: Carlos Guerrero (Universidad de Sevilla) -
18:01
Shape coexistence in medium-mass nuclei 7m
The complex nature of the nucleon-nucleon interaction allows for spherical, oblate and prolate deformations to appear at similar energies within the same nucleus. This phenomenon, known as shape coexistence, is widespread across the nuclear chart and it provides a crucial role in understanding nuclear structure [1].
In our study we complement shell-model calculations [2] with beyond-mean-field Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov techniques [3] to shed light on the rich coexistence of differently deformed structures. We infer shape coexistence from multiple observables such as: collective wavefunctions, quadrupole moments, shape invariants, and $E0$ transitions. The combination of all these hints allows us to understand the complexities of shape coexistence and the notion of nuclear shape itself [3].
For instance, $^{28}$Si presents a competition between the oblate ground state and the excited prolate rotational band ($6.5$ MeV), with a possible superdeformed structure at higher energies ($\sim10$-$20$ MeV). We find that $sdpf$ excitations are needed to correctly describe $^{28}$Si and that superdeformed shapes appear at 18-20 MeV [4].
The doubly-magic nucleus $^{40}$Ca also presents shape coexistence between the spherical ground state, the normal deformed rotational band ($3.4$ MeV) and the superdeformed rotational band ($5.2$ MeV) [5]. We analyze the fluctuations of the deformation parameters associated to these states.
[1] P. E. Garrett, M. Zielińska, and E. Clément, Prog. Part.
Nucl. Phys. 124, 103931 (2022).[2] E. Caurier and F. Nowacki, Acta Phys. Pol. B 30, 705
(1999).[3] B. Bally, A. Sánchez-Fernández, and T. R. Rodríguez,
Eur. Phys. J. A 57, 69 (2021).[4] D. Frycz, J. Menéndez, A. Rios, B. Bally, T. R. Rodríguez, and A. M. Romero, arXiv:2404.14506 [nucl-th].
[5] E. Caurier, J. Menéndez, F. Nowacki, and A. Poves,
Phys. Rev. C 75, 054317 (2007).Ponente: Dorian Frycz (University of Barcelona) -
18:08
Hyperons in hot neutron stars 7m
In this work, a temperature-dependent equation of state of nuclear
and hyperonic matter suitable for use in relativistic simulations of neutron
star mergers and supernovae is presented. We investigate the impact of
the uncertainty in the hyperonic sector on the astrophysical observables.
We show that these uncertainties have a significant effect on the global
properties of the stars, such as mass, radius, tidal deformability, and moment of inertia. The effects are mostly visible for the most massive stars
and at higher temperature, where the hyperon abundance is significant.
The findings directly impact the results of relativistic simulations involving
neutron star mergers and supernovae, as they underscore the importance
of incorporating hyperonic uncertainties to guarantee the precision and
dependability of these simulations in astrophysical scenarios.Ponente: Hristijan Kochankovski (Universitat de Barcelona) -
18:15
Exploring shape coexistence and the onset of deformation in Odd-Even and Even-Even nuclei around A = 100 15m
Shape of nuclei is determined by a fine balance between the stabilizing effect of closed shells and the pairing and quadrupole forces that tend to induce deformation [1]. In the mass region around A=100, there exist clear cut examples of the rapid appearance of deformation such as Zr (even-even) [2] and Nb isotopes (odd-even) [3], which can be understood in terms of the coexistence of two different configurations, i.e., shape coexistence. Sr [4] isotopes are also good candidates to study the onset of nuclear deformation and the influence of shape coexistence, while Ru and Mo [5] isotopes seem to be placed at the border of dilution of shape coexistence In addition, the structural evolution of odd-mass isotopes in this region is significant due to the diversity of configurations and coexisting shapes and to the enhancement of the onset of deformation [3].
In this contribution will be used as framework the Interacting Boson-Fermion Model [6] with Configuration Mixing (IBFM-CM) to introduce a mean-field view (intrinsic state) for studying the evolution of the nuclear deformation in A=100 region, focussing on the case of odd-even Nb isotopes. Two complementary approaches will be used for studying shape evolution: first, an algebraic approach employing a laboratory frame of reference, and secondly, a geometric-oriented method within the context of an intrinsic state formalism. The objective is to compare the onset of deformation in Nb isotopes with the even-even cases, such as Sr and Zr, extracting information from the intrinsic state, but also from spectroscopic properties.
To conclude, by applying the IBFM-CM framework and employing both algebraic and geometric approaches, this contribution aims at providing insights into the evolution of nuclear shapes in even-even and odd-even nuclei in the mass region around A=100.[1] K. Heyde and J. L. Wood, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1467 (2011).
[2] J.E. García-Ramos and K. Heyde, Phys. Rev. C 100, 044315 (2019).
[3] N. Gavrielov, A. Leviatan, and F. Iachello, Phys. Rev. C 106, L051304 (2022).
[4] E. Maya-Barbecho and J.E. García-Ramos, Phys. Rev. C 105, 034341 (2022).
[5] E. Maya-Barbecho, S. Baid, J.M. Arias, and J.E. García-Ramos, Phys. Rev. C 108, 034316 (2023).
[6] F. Iachello and P. Van Isacker, The interacting boson-fermion model (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991).Ponente: Esperanza Maya Barbecho (Universidad de Huelva)
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Red Temática de Física del LHC M1 (Aula Magna) ()
M1 (Aula Magna)
Sala M1Moderador: Carlos Escobar (IFIC (CSIC-UV/EG))-
16:30
Massive ALPs at CMS Run 2 20mPonentes: Jonathan Machado (UAM), Jonathan Machado-Rodríguez (UAM - IFT)
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16:50
Searching for long-lived Axion-like Particles in ATLAS 20mPonente: Victoria Sánchez Sebastián (Instituto de Fisica Corpuscolar (IFIC) - CSIC/UV)
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17:10
Exotic Higgs decay h -> Z a in the final state of two muons and two tau leptons 20mPonente: ROSA MARIA SANDA SEOANE (IFT)
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17:30
Unraveling boosted topologies with leptons and photons: new techniques and recent results in ATLAS 20mPonente: Luis Pascual (Universidad Autonoma de Madrid)
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17:50
Computing infrastructure at LHC Run 3 and HL-LHC 20mPonente: Miguel Villaplana (IFIC (CSIC-UV))
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18:10
Discussion on future Red LHC Workshops 20mPonentes: Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra (IFT UAM-CSIC), Sven Heinemeyer (IFT (CSIC))
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Red de Futuros Colisionadores
Reunion de la red de futuros colisionadores.
Moderadores: Marcel Vos (IFIC Valencia), MaryCruz Fouz (CIEMAT)- 16:30
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16:55
New physics from two-particle correlations 10mPonentes: Emanuela Musumeci (IFIC), Emanuela Musumeci (Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC))
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17:15
The LHeC project 20mPonente: Néstor Armesto (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)
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18:30
Transferencia de TecnologíaModeradores: Dr. Gabriela Llosa (IFIC-CSIC), Mª Carmen Jiménez-Ramos (Centro Nacional de Aceleradores-Sevilla)
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16:30
Proton range determination at relevant energies for proton therapy 10m
This study consists of a proof-of-concept based on the use of CEPA4 scintillator [1, 2] of IEM pCT scanner [3, 4] to verify the range of a proton beam at energies relevant for proton therapy performed at Centrum Cyklotronowe Bronowice (Krakow, Poland). The aim of this work is to test the sensitivity of proton range verification method based on the detection of gamma radiation in vivo resulting from the interaction of the proton beam with a PMMA block, on the basis of
F. Hueso-Gonz´alez’s simulations [5]. This innovative experimental proof-of-concept has provided results that confirm the sensitivity of the method (with errors of less than 2 mm) thanks to statistical adjustments based on the identification of deexcitation gamma-rays in 12C. In addition, this method
is compared with the proton beam range verification by detecting scattered protons and secondary neutrons produced in PMMA [6].
[1] O. Tengblad et al. “LaBr3(Ce):LaCl3(Ce) Phoswich with pulse shape analysis for high energy gamma-ray and proton identification”. En: Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research. Section A 704 (mar. de 2013), p´ags. 19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.094.
[2] E. N´acher et al. “Proton response of CEPA4: A novel LaBr 3 (Ce)–LaCl 3 (Ce) phoswich array for high-energy gamma and proton spectroscopy”. En: Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research. Section A 769 (ene. de 2015), p´ags. 105-111. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2014. 09.067.
[3] J. A. Briz et al. “A prototype of pCT scanner: first tests”. En: EPJ web of conferences 253
(ene. de 2021), p´ags. 09008-09008. doi: 10.1051/epjconf/202125309008.
[4] A. N. Nerio et al. “Evaluation of water equivalent thicknesses using the IEM-CSIC scanner prototype”. En: EPJ web of conferences 290 (ene. de 2023), p´ags. 08004-08004. doi: 10.1051/epjconf/202329008004.
[5] F. Hueso-Gonz´alez y T. Bortfeld. “Compact Method for Proton Range Verification Based on Coaxial Prompt Gamma-Ray Monitoring: A Theoretical Study”. En: IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences 4 (mar. de 2020), p´ags. 170-183. doi: 10.1109/trpms.
2019.2930362.
[6] K. S. Ytre-Hauge et al. “A Monte Carlo feasibility study for neutron based real-time range verification in proton therapy”. En: Scientific Reports 9 (feb. de 2019). doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38611-w.Ponente: Juan Francisco González Linares (IEM (CSIC)) -
16:42
Low Earth Orbit compact Neutron detector 10m
The PoliTech-1 mission consists of a nanosatellite that includes various payloads, among which is the LEON system (Low Earth Orbit compact Neutron detector). Its primary scientific objective is to measure the temporal dynamics of the low-energy neutron terrestrial albedo, depending on the solar activity level, time, and the satellite's spatial coordinates. The measurements will enable the creation of experimental maps of secondary low-energy neutrons in the LEO orbit, in order to validate the models used in the simulation and determination of cosmic ray fluxes in LEO. The presentation will provide a detailed overview of both the mission and the development progress of the LEON system in order to achieve the mission's objectives.
Ponente: Luis Caballero (IFIC (CSIC/UV)) -
16:54
Performance tests of the IEM-CSIC proton scanner prototype 10m
Proton therapy requires precise knowledge of the patient anatomy to ensure an accurate dose delivery [1]. X-ray computed tomography (CT) images are used nowadays to calculate the relative stopping power (RSP) needed for proton therapy treatment planning [2]. Recent studies indicate that tomographic imaging using protons has the potential to provide a more accurate and direct measurement of RSP with a significantly lower radiation dose than X-rays [3]. A proton CT (pCT) scanner prototype is under development at the IEM-CSIC. It comprises a tracking system of two double-sided silicon strip detectors and the CEPA4 detector as the residual energy detector. This pCT scanner prototype was tested at the Cyclotron Centre Bronowice (CCB) facility in Krakow, Poland, during three experimental campaigns in 2021 and 2022. Several samples were used to test the spatial resolution and RSP determination capabilities of the scanner in radiography and tomography imaging modes. Volumetric phantoms composed of matrices made of PMMA with inserts of air, ethanol, water, Delrin, Teflon, and aluminum were imaged. The radiographs displayed great fidelity to the shapes of the studied samples. The spatial resolution of this proton imaging scanner prototype is better than 2 mm and the MTF-10%=0.3 line pairs per mm in radiography mode [4]. The RSP resolution of the scanner has also been studied and the resulting RSP values are in good agreement with previously reported data [5]. We are currently engaged in the data analysis of new samples for the study of radiographs and tomography scans using proton beams with energies up to 200 MeV.
At this conference, we will present preliminary findings, including the imaging capabilities of our prototype, showcasing its potential applications for the future of medical imaging detectors.References
[1] C. Sarosiek et al., Med. Phys. 48, 2271 (2021).
[2] P. Wohlfahrt and C. Richter, Br. J. Radiol. 93, 20190590 (2020).
[3] R. P. Johnson Rep. Prog. Phys. 81, 016701 (2018).
[4] J. A. Briz et al., IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 69, 696 (2022).
[5] E. Nácher et al., EPJ Plus 139, 404 (2024).Ponente: Amanda Nathali Nerio Aguirre (IEM-CSIC) -
17:06
FLASH irradiation of in-vitro samples with a modified X-Ray tube 10m
Purpose
FLASH radiotherapy is a promising technique in radiotherapy, where ultra-high dose rates (>40 Gy/s) have been shown in in-vitro and animal studies to have a protective effect on healthy tissues, while maintaining the same efficacy in treating tumors as conventional radiotherapy. We performed a survival and viability assay with an X-ray beam at FLASH and conventional dose rates, using healthy lung fibroblasts and lung cancer cell lines to study potential biological mechanisms that could be at the root of the observed differential FLASH effect.Materials and methods
Healthy lung fibroblasts (CCD19) and lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) were cultured in regular DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin under standard culturing conditions. Two different seeding conditions were irradiated. On one hand, 24h before the irradiation the A549 cell line was seeded in MW96 plates. On the other hand, 1·10^6 tumor cells and 4.5·10^5 healthy cells were collected and pellet in eppendorfs vials.
Both seeding conditions were irradiated with 0-30 Gy using a modified X-ray tube at FLASH (150 kVp and 500 mA) dose rates (34 Gy/s-88 Gy/s) and conventional (150 kVp and 10 mA) dose rates (0.68 Gy/s-1.72 Gy/s). Doses and dose rates were determined via radiochromic films (RCF) dosimetry.
In vitro clonogenic study was performed on A549 and CCD19 cells by seeding increasing concentrations with the dose of irradiated cells in MW6 plates. Ten days later, cells were fixed, stained with crystal violet and number of colonies quantified with a self-developed Matlab script, while the viability assay done with the healthy cells was manually quantified. Both data were analyzed with the linear quadratic model.Results
Dosimetric equivalence FLASH vs. CONV was confirmed as long as the delivered charge remained constant. Preliminary analysis of the results (still ongoing) suggests no differential biological effects related to the dose rate that is statistically significant. Clonogenic assays for the A549 cells showed no differential dose-rate effect in the biological response, as well as the viability assays conducted with the CCD19 cell line.Discussion and conclusions
On one hand, via radiochromic film dosimetry we were able to determine the dose rates used in the experiment and the exact dose irradiated in each shot to each eppendorf vial or MW96 plate well.
On the other hand, equivalent biological results were obtained in an in vitro study at normoxic conditions between X-ray irradiations at conventional and FLASH dose rates for both healthy fibroblasts and lung cancer cells.Ponente: Inés del Monte García (Grupo de Física Nuclear, EMFTEL & IPARCOS, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain) -
17:18
Compton imaging for dose monitoring in boron neutron capture therapy 10m
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is an experimental form of radiotherapy that uses boron, injected to the patient within a target molecule that accumulates selectively in cancerous cells. This therapy exploits the large neutron capture cross-section of boron to deliver a targeted dose from neutron irradiation. BNCT has shown great promise with the advent of accelerator-based technologies, which facilitate high-quality neutron beams in clinical environments [Hir21, Tor21].
One of the primary challenges in current BNCT is the accurate determination of the dose delivered to the patient. The state-of-the-art method involves measuring the boron concentration in the patient using PET with a 18F-labeled boron compound, followed by determining the boron concentration in blood during the neutron irradiation to estimate the boron dose. Since neutron captures in boron produce 478 keV gamma rays in 94% of reactions, this radiation could be potentially used for real-time dose monitoring using various imaging techniques. To date, SPECT and Compton imaging have been explored; however, the main challenges remain in achieving the spatial resolution required, true online capabilities and dealing with the harsh radiation backgrounds induced by the neutron beam during treatment.
The i-TED Compton Camera array, originally designed for nuclear physics measurements of astrophysics interest, recently has expanded its application into medical physics through ion-range monitoring in hadrontherapy [Ler22,Bal22], and is venturing further in this field aiming now at BNCT. Its large efficiency design and low neutron sensitivity make i-TED especially well suited for this task.
This contribution will present additional adaptations of the original i-TED imager, to optimize its performance for the BNCT dosimetry application. In this context, an evaluation of the detector thicknesses has been performed to optimize it for the 478 keV gamma rays characteristic of BNCT. Additionally, since BNCT requires imaging of large areas (e.g. the human head or torso) we have integrated LM-MLEM algorithms into our imaging suite to enable 3D image reconstruction and tomographic capabilities [Tor24].
Moreover, we have conducted an initial experimental campaign with one iTED module at the high-flux nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL, Grenoble, France) as proof-of-concept of the imaging of 478 keV gamma rays [Ler24]. A second campaign was performed with the complete i-TED array of four Compton imagers under more realistic conditions, using HDPE and water phantoms surrounding borated water disks in concentrations comparable to actual BNCT treatments [Tor24].
I will provide an overview of the main adaptations of i-TED for BNCT, our latest developments in 3D image reconstruction, the results of the first proof-of-concept experiment with one i-TED module, and the status of the analysis of the recently performed experiment using the full i-TED array in more realistic conditions.
References
[Hir21] K. Hirose et al., “Boron neutron capture therapy using cyclotron-based epithermal neutron source and borofalan (10B) for recurrent or locally advanced head and neck cancer (JHN002): An open-label phase II trial”, Rad. & Onc. Vol 155, pp. 182-187, (2021)
[Tor21] P. Torres-Sánchez et al., “Optimized Beam Shaping Assembly for a 2.1-MeV proton-accelerator-based neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy”, Sci.Rep. 11 7576 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87305-9
[Ler22] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., “Towards machine learning aided real-time range imaging in proton therapy”, Sci Rep 12, 2735 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06126-6
[Bal22] J. Balibrea-Correa et al., “Hybrid in-beam PET- and Compton prompt-gamma imaging aimed at enhanced proton-range verification”, The Eur. Phys. Jour. Plus, Volume 137, Issue 11, article id.1258 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03414-y
[Tor24] P. Torres-Sánchez et al., “The i-TED Compton Camera Array for real-time boron imaging and determination during treatments in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy”, Submitted to App. Radiat. Isot. arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.10107
[Ler24] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al,. “Real Time Boron Concentration Measurement in BNCT Using Compton Imaging”, Submitted to App. Radiat. Isot. arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.05687Ponente: Pablo Torres-Sánchez -
17:30
Hybrid Compton-PET imaging for ion-range monitoring in hadron therapy 10m
Hadron therapy offers advantages over conventional radiotherapy due to the maximization of the dose at the Bragg peak. However, further advantages could be obtained if a quasi-real-time monitoring system for ion-range verification would be available. In particular, this would help to reduce safety margins and enhance its potential benefits, due to various sources of systematic uncertainty. Two of the most promising methodologies for in-room real-time monitoring are positron emission tomography (PET) and prompt-gamma imaging (PGI). The PGI technique is well suited for real-time monitoring because of the prompt nature of the emitted radiation [Ler22], whereas PET imaging can provide tomographic and functional information relevant for studying physiological processes and tumor response.
In 2016, the concept of PGI-PET hybrid imaging system was discussed by Parodi as an alternative to overcome some of the limitations for each technique [Par16]. As suggested in Ref. [Lang14], this concept could be implemented by adapting systems based on multiple Compton cameras. Hybrid PGI-PET systems are expected to open new perspectives for in-vivo real-time range monitoring [Par16]. This expectation is based on the complementarity of the two techniques: prompt-gamma emission is more suitable for real-time monitoring, while PET imaging can provide tomographic and functional information valuable for monitoring physiological processes and tumor response.
We have implemented for the first time in hadron therapy a hybrid imaging system based on the combination of both PGI and PET within the same setup [Bal22], thereby exploring the advantages of both techniques. This is achieved using an array of Compton cameras in a twofold front-to-front configuration operating in synchronous mode.
In this contribution, I will present a summary of the hybrid imaging monitoring system, the results from a proof-of-concept experiment conducted under pre-clinical conditions at the HIT-Heidelberg facility with proton, alpha, and carbon ion beams, and the outlook for upcoming experimental campaigns.
[Bal22] J. Balibrea-Correa et al., “Hybrid in-beam PET- and Compton prompt-gamma imaging aimed at enhanced proton-range verification”, The Eur. Phys. Jour. Plus, Volume 137, Issue 11, article id.1258 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03414-y
[Lang14] C. Lang et al., Sub-millimeter nuclear medical imaging with high sensitivity in positron emission tomography using β+γ coincidences. J. Instrum. 9(1), P01008 (2014) https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-0221/9/01/P01008
[Ler22] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al., “Towards machine learning aided real-time range imaging in proton therapy”, Sci Rep 12, 2735 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06126-6
[Par16] K. Parodi, On- and off-line monitoring of ion beam treatment. Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. A 809, 113–119 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.06.056Ponente: Javier Balibrea Correa (Instituto de física corpuscular IFIC) -
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Production of pre-clinical activities of 11C for PET imaging using a HRR laser-driven proton source 10m
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in laser-driven ion accelerators as a potential alternative to conventional accelerators [1]. A particularly promising application is the production of radionuclides relevant for medical diagnosis, such as 11C for PET imaging. Typically, the production of these nuclides is centralised at cyclotrons, reducing the number of facilities required, but limiting the range of usable radionuclides to those with longer lifetimes [2]. In this context, compact laser-driven accelerators appear as an appealing option for the in-situ generation of short-lived isotopes. Albeit the activities required for PET imaging (>MBq) are well above those achievable from a single laser irradiation (~kBq), the advent of high-power, high-repetition-rate laser systems opens the path to demonstrating relevant activities through the continuous irradiation, provided a suitable target system is developed. A target assembly based on a rotating wheel and automatic alignment procedure for laser-driven proton acceleration at multi-Hertz rates has been developed and commissioned [3]. The assembly, capable of hosting >5000 targets and ensuring continuous replenishment of the target with micron-level precision, has been demonstrated to achieve stable and continuous MeV proton acceleration at rates of up to 10 Hz using our in-house 45 TW laser system [3].
The continuous production of 11C via the proton-boron reaction [11B(p,n)11C] has been recently demonstrated from our target assembly using the 1 Hz, 1 PW VEGA-3 system (CLPU, Spain) [4]. In an initial campaign, an activity of ~12 kBq/shot was measured, with a peak activity of 234 kBq achieved through accumulation of 20 consecutive shots [4]. Furthermore, results of a more recent campaign will be presented, where activation levels in excess of 4 MBq where achieved, as measured through using coincidence detectors, and supported by online measurements of high-flux neutron generation. We demonstrate that the degradation of the laser-driven ion beam due to heating of optics is currently the only bottleneck preventing the production of pre-clinical (~10 MBq) PET activities with current laser systems. The scalability to next-generation laser systems will be explored to study the potential for production of clinical (~200 MBq) activities.
References
[1] A. Macchi et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 85, 751 (2013) [3] J. Peñas et al., HPLSE 12 (2024)
[2] S. Fritzler et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3039 (2003) [4] J. Peñas et al., Scientific Reports 14.1 (2024)
Acknowledgements
Work supported by the Xunta de Galicia grant ED431F2023/21, by “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) (fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760027) and grant RYC2021-032654I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU”. This work has been carried out within the framework of the COST Action CA21128- PROBONO “PROton BOron Nuclear fusion: from energy production to medical applications”, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology - www.cost.eu).Ponente: Aarón Alejo (IGFAE, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) -
17:54
Study of the performance of different monolithic and pixelated scintillation crystals for Compton imaging 10m
Compton gamma cameras have been developed in recent years to image radionuclides across various nuclear application fields. A crucial aspect of nuclear medicine is the precise localization of radioisotopes to guide interventional procedures. In this context, Compton gamma cameras offer higher sensitivity than conventional pinhole gamma cameras, as they do not require mechanical collimation. Instead, the reconstruction of the initial gamma-ray trajectory relies only on the deposited energy and the impact positions of Compton-scattered events. Consequently, accurately determining the position of events within the scintillation crystal is one of the most critical factors influencing image quality. An experimental study is therefore presented, evaluating the performance of various scintillator crystals, differing in thickness, material, covering, and structure.
Ponente: J.M. Escalante-Castro (IFIC-CSIC) -
18:06
DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFICIENT PHASE SPACE FOR LEKSELL GAMMA KNIFE PERFEXION USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS 10m
The Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) is a non-invasive stereotactic radiosurgery device used to treat brain tumors and functional disorders. It delivers highly precise gamma radiation from 192 high-activity cobalt-60 sources. Each sector of the Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion (PFX) contains 24 cobalt-60 sources and can move independently between five different positions. Three of these positions correspond to collimator sizes of 4, 8, and 16 mm, while the other two are a blocked position and a home position. Leksell GammaPlan version 11.0.3 (LGP, Elekta Instruments), which is used to design treatment plans for the Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK), calculates the patient's absorbed dose using the Tissue Maximum Ratio (TMR) algorithm. However, since the TMR algorithm assumes that all material within the patient is equivalent to water, it introduces an inherent error due to the actual heterogeneity of tissues.
The effects of this error have been evaluated in several studies using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Additionally, MC simulations have become increasingly common for assessing shaped and small-field radiation beams, as they are the most reliable tool for determining dosimetric quantities. The effects of this error have been evaluated in several studies using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Additionally, MC simulations have become increasingly common for assessing shaped and small-field radiation beams, as they are the most reliable tool for determining dosimetric quantities. However, these simulations require extensive computation time to determine absorbed doses, particularly for small-field beams like those used in the Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK).
In order to reduce the time required for simulations a unique phase space method was proposed to simplify all repetitive steps in the process. First, the three collimators of different sizes (4, 8, and 16 mm) are created with precise geometric accuracy. Then, the exact positions (θ, ϕ) of the 24 sources in each sector are calculated. Subsequently, the unique phase space is then rotated according to these coordinates, and the 24 sources are combined to form the first sector. The unique phase space is then rotated according to these coordinates, and the 24 sources are combined to form the first sector. To account for all eight sectors in each simulation, this sector is rotated in 45-degree increments around the Z-axis.
For each phase space file (PSF) corresponding to each collimator, 1.0 × 10⁸ primary photons were generated. The phase space data files contain detailed information about the particle type, energy (E), statistical weight (w), Cartesian position components (x, y, z), and directional components of linear momentum (u, v, w). Using these phase space data files for the LGK PFX, a first-in, first-out (fifo) method was employed, which first reads a file with the angular positions (θ, ϕ) of each sector, followed by reading the PSF and applying the respective θ and ϕ rotations for each sector. This process is repeated sequentially from sector 1 to sector 8. Thus, a second phase space file (PSF2) can be created to contain the information for one sector, all sectors, or even interchanged sectors as required by the treatment plan.
For the PSF2, 1 × 10¹⁵ histories were defined, using different initial seed values for the random number generator. The results of this simulation, using the developed method, were validated by comparing the phase space interacting with a 160 mm diameter spherical phantom against the results obtained from radiochromic film measurements at the Ruber International Hospital in Madrid, Spain.
Dose profiles were calculated along the X, Y, and Z axes using the general configuration of PenEasy, as well as 2D dose maps, which were compared with dose distributions measured with radiochromic film. A good agreement was achieved for the dose profiles, especially in the central region with a maximum discrepancy of less than 2%. Conversely, the largest difference, of less than 5%, was noted in the penumbra region. This demonstrated excellent concordance for all three collimators.Ponente: Nataly Diaz (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
18:18
Radionuclide therapy assessment with MACACO III+ 10m
The IRIS group at IFIC (Valencia, Spain) continues the development of Compton cameras and their application to radionuclide therapy with successful results.
The previous prototype, MACACO III, was composed of three detector planes. Each plane features one LaBr3 crystal of size 25.8 mm x 25.8 mm x 5 mm, coupled to a SiPM array. The system was initially tested with phantoms filled with FDG and I-131, as well as thyroid cancer patients in collaboration with La Fe Hospital (Valencia). Following these tests, studies with alpha emitters were also conducted. In addition to Monte Carlo detailed simulations that indicated the potential for imaging Ac-225, this isotope was also successfully imaged experimentally in collaboration with the Léon Bérard hospital in Lyon.
However, these measurements evinced the lack of efficiency of MACACO III which has prompted the use of larger detector planes. MACACO III+ is a two-plane system in which the first plane is the same as in MACACO III and the second plane is composed of four such detectors. Simulations show the benefits of this improvement in the reconstructed images. MACACO III+ has been tested experimentally with Derenzo-like phantoms and also with mouse phantoms and live mice. Further tests are foreseen and another four-detector plane is under development.
Ponente: Dr. Gabriela Llosá (IFIC-CSIC)
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COMCHAModeradores: Arantza Oyanguren (IFIC- Valencia), Luca Fiorini (IFIC / U. Valencia - CSIC)
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Topical subject: the on-site analysis of the MAGIC and LST-1 telescopes 30mPonente: Maria Lainez (IPARCOS-UCM)
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Activities at IFIC 30mPonente: Arantza Oyanguren (IFIC- Valencia)
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Topical subject: development of an AI-based Central Trigger Processor for CTA 30mPonente: Luis Ángel Tejedor Álvarez (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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Física TeóricaModerador: Dr. Francesco Aprile (UCM)
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Ridges and latent heat in rotating neutron stars in GR and modified gravity 15m
We explore "ridges" in the macroscopic properties of rotating neutron stars as potential indicators of first-order phase transitions in their matter. These phase transitions induce non-analytic behavior in observables like angular momentum, moment of inertia, mass, and radii, with the intensity of this behavior directly tied to the latent heat of the transition. Notably, the Seidov limit sets a bound on the maximum latent heat a phase transition can produce before its excess energy density, not compensated by additional pressure, results in gravitational collapse.
Additionally, we investigate how modified gravity theories, such as quadratic f(R) gravity, affect these phenomena. In this context, we find that the Seidov limit undergoes substantial modification compared to General Relativity. Breaching the Seidov limit would lead to two significant discoveries: evidence of a first-order phase transition in neutron star matter and a deviation from General Relativity.
Based on Annals Phys. 459 (2023) 169487, 2307.15366 and arXiv:2409.16201 [gr-qc].
Ponente: Pablo Navarro Moreno -
9:15
Functional Matching at Two-Loop order 15m
Effective field theories have been gathering increasing attention in recent years. Within this field, the matching process is a key question for connecting this formalism with precise UV theories beyond the Standard Model. It is precisely here where functional methods have emerged as very efficient tools, especially for automating computations.
So far, this method has been applied up to one loop. I present a systematic procedure for going beyond, considering both fermionic and bosonic degrees of freedom. I will demonstrate how the inclusion of gauge bosons requires a new approach to the problem that was not necessary in the one-loop case. It will rely on the introduction of the Wilson line to obtain a covariant expansion.
Additionally, this method will be exemplifyed with the matching of QED to the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian
Ponente: Adrián Moreno Sánchez (Universidad de Granada) -
9:30
Spacetime dynamics as a dark matter production mechanism 15m
Particle production from the vacuum due to a time-dependent geometry is a well-known phenomenon in quantum field theory in curved spacetimes and plays a significant role in the early Universe as spacetime evolves rapidly. In this work, we investigate particle production for spectator scalar and vector fields non-minimally coupled to gravity, accounting for the full dynamics of spacetime during inflation and reheating. We analyze the conditions under which this mechanism can generate the observed dark matter abundance, assuming these fields interact solely through gravity. Our results offer insight into the viability of spacetime dynamics as a fundamental mechanism for dark matter production and its potential implications for Cosmology.
Ponente: Álvaro Parra-López -
9:45
Early Universe hypercharge breaking and neutrino mass generation 15m
Radiative neutrino mass models represent a vast landscape of possibilities for very exotic beyond Standard Model physics. In this talk, we will explore the idea of non-standard thermal histories in the Zee-Babu neutrino mass generation model and specifically consider the possibility of hypercharge non-restoration in the early Universe. We will find that careful treatment of finite-temperature perturbation theory is crucial for mapping out the parameter space of phenomenological interest in such scenarios. The highlight of the talk will be a novel baryon asymmetry generating mechanism which is driven by the high-temperature hypercharge-breaking phase and the specific ingredients generically found in radiative neutrino mass models.
Ponente: Álvaro Lozano Onrubia (IFT UAM-CSIC & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) -
10:00
A precise $\alpha_s$ determination from the R-improved QCD Static Energy 15m
The strong coupling $\alpha_s$ is the most important parameter of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) therefore it is essential to determine it with high precission. This work presents an improved approach for extracting $\alpha_s$ comparing the numerical results of lattice QCD simulations to the perturbative expansion of the QCD static energy. We apply R-improvement to its 3-loop fixed-order prediction, enabling the subtraction of the u=1/2 renormalon and the corresponding summation of large logarithms. We also perform resummation of large ultra-soft logs to $\text{N}^3\text{LL}$ accuracy using renormalization group equations. A new and more flexible parametrisation of the renormalization scale has been implemented, allowing us to extend perturbation theory to distances of the order of 1 fm. Perturbative uncertities are estimated randomly varying the parameters that specify the renormalisation scale. We have designed a highly optimised algorithm to evolve $\alpha_s$ based on the perturbative definition of $\Lambda_{\text{QCD}}$, which makes scanning over the strong coupling when minimising the $\chi^2$ function very efficient. We also combine Lattice data from different simulations into a single dataset, simplifying the fitting procedure. Using this approach, we determine the strong coupling with a precision comparable to that of the world average
Ponente: José Manuel Mena Valle (Universidad de Salamanca) -
10:15
The electron-EDM in the decoupling limit of the aligned 2HDM 15m
We discuss model-independent contributions to the electron-EDM, focusing on those
contributions emerging from a heavy scalar sector linearly realized. To provide a concrete new physics realization, we investigate the aligned 2HDM in the decoupling limit. We point out that logarithmically enhanced contributions generated from Barr-Zee diagrams with a fermion loop are present in the aligned 2HDM, an effect encoded in the decoupling limit by effective operators of dimension-6, through the mixing of four-fermion into dipole operators. The same large logarithms are absent in alternative 2HDMs where a Z2 symmetry is enforced, which thus controls the basis of effective operators relevant for calculating new physics contributions to EDMs. In the aligned 2HDM these contributions are proportional to sources of CP violation that are potentially large, which are absent in presence of the Z2 symmetry. We also discuss the role of non-dipole contact interactions in setting phenomenological constraints on the allowed amount of CP violation.Ponente: Juan Manuel Dávila Illán (Universitat de València - IFIC) -
10:30
PNG-UNITsims: Halo clustering response to primordial non-Gaussianities as a function of mass 15m
In this presentation I will talk about the PNG-UNITsims suite, which includes the largest full N-body simulation to date with local primordial non-Gaussianities (local PNG), the PNG-UNIT. The amplitude of the PNGs is given by fNLlocal=100. The simulation follows the evolution of 4096^3 particles in a periodic box with Lbox=1h^−1Gpc, resulting in a mass resolution of mp=1.24×10^9h^−1M⊙, enough to finely resolve the galaxies targeted by stage-IV spectroscopic surveys. The PNG-UNIT has fixed initial conditions with phases also matching the pre-existing UNIT simulation with Gaussian initial conditions. The fixed and matched initial conditions reduce the simulation uncertainty significantly. In this first study of the PNG-UNITsims, we measure the PNG response parameter, p, as a function of the halo mass. halos with masses between 1×10^12 and 5×10^13h^−1M⊙ are well described by the universality relation, given by p=1. For halos with masses between 2×10^10 and 1×10^12h^−1M⊙ we find that p<1, at a significance between 1.5 and 3.1σ. Combining all the halos between 2×10^10 and 5×10^13h^−1M⊙, we find p consistent with a value of 0.955±0.013, which is 3σ away from the universality relation. We demonstrate that these findings are robust to mass resolution, scale cuts and uncertainty estimation. We also compare our measurements to separate universe simulations, finding that the PNG-UNITsims constraints outperform the former for the setup considered. Using a prior on p as tight as the one reported here for DESI-like forecast can result in fNL constraints comparable to fixing p. At the same time, fixing p to a wrong value (p=1) may result in up to 2σ biases on fNL.
Ponente: Adrián Gutiérrez Adame (UAM - IFT) -
10:45
Efficient on-shell matching 15m
We propose an efficient method to perform on-shell matching calculations in effective field theories. The standard off-shell approach to matching requires the use of a Green's basis that includes redundant and evanescent operators. The reduction of such a basis to a physical one is often highly non-trivial, difficult to automate and error prone. However, on-shell matching allows to perform the matching directly to the physical basis, thus overcoming the necessity to deal with redundancies and evanescent operators.
Our proposal is based on a numerical solution of the corresponding on-shell matching equations, which automatically implements in a trivial way the delicate cancellation of non-local terms between the full theory and the effective one. The use of rational on-shell kinematics ensures an exact analytic solution despite the numerical procedure. In contrast to the traditional off-shell matching, where one has to match only one-light-particle irreducible Green functions, with this approach the full amplitude is needed. In this way we only need a physical basis to perform the matching. We present the algorithm and some further applications in which the on-shell matching approach can be very useful, such as the automation of the Green’s basis reduction to a physical one, the obtaining of evanescent contributions or the computation of renormalization group equations.
Ponente: Javier López Miras (Universidad de Granada) -
11:00
Constrained pion-pion dispersive amplitude analysis up to 1.6 GeV and resonance determination 15m
A precise description of pion-pion interactions at low energies is
fundamental for many processes in hadronic physics. We present
preliminary work that introduces several improvements over a previous
dispersive analysis*. These include a refined treatment of
inelasticities, the introduction of G-waves, the study of Forward
Dispersion Relations (FDRs) up to 1.6 GeV, data description up to 1.8
GeV, and the study of the three most reliable solutions. From the FDR
output we extract resonance poles using continued fractions.*In progress J.R. Peláez, P. Rabán and J. Ruiz de Elvira
**J.R. Pelaez, A. Rodas, and J. Ruiz De Elvira. Global parameterization of pi-pi scattering up to 2 GeV. Eur.Phys.J.C, 79(12):1008, 2019.
Ponente: Pablo Rabán Mondéjar (Departamento de Física Teórica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid) -
11:15
Description of femtoscopic correlations with realistic pion-kaon interactions: the kappa/K0*(700) case 15m
The ALICE collaboration has recently reported pi+-K_S femtoscopic correlations in pp collisions[1]. Here we show [2] how they can be well described using existing realistic pi-K interactions obtained from a dispersive analysis of scattering data [3], containing an accurate description of the kappa/K0*(700) resonance pole.
[1] . Acharya et al. (ALICE), Phys. Lett. B 856, 138915 (2024), arXiv:2312.12830 [hep-ex]
[2] in progress: M. Albaladejo, A. Canoa, J.M. Nieves, J.R.Pelaez and E.Ruiz-Arriola
[3] J.R.Pelaez, A. Rodas,Phys.Rept. 969 (2022) 1-126Ponente: Alejandro Canoa Monsalve (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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Instrumentación: Network discussionsModeradores: Cesar Domingo-Pardo (IFIC (CSIC-University of Valencia)), Inés Gil Botella (CIEMAT), Ivan Vila Alvarez (Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC))
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News and Instrumentation School discussion 1h 15mPonente: Ivan Vila Alvarez (Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC))
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Detector R&D colllaborations discussion 45m
Joint session with Future Accelerators Network
Ponente: MaryCruz Fouz (CIEMAT) -
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ESPPU Discussion 30m
Joint session with LHC network and Future Accelerators network.
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RENATA (Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas)Moderador: Sergio Pastor (IFIC, CSIC-Univ Valencia)
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Exploring the diffuse galactic supernova ALP background with neutrino detectors 15m
Axion-like particles (ALPs) can be copiously produced in core-collapse supernovae (SN) due to their coupling to SN matter. If they are weakly coupled, ALPs leave the star unimpeded after being produced. This regime has already been tightly constrained by cooling bounds. In this talk, I will focus on the trapping regime, where the SN environment becomes optically thick for ALPs and, therefore, they cannot free-stream out of the star and become trapped. Even in this regime, a vast flux of ALPs can escape and arrive to Earth. In particular, I will consider MeV ALPs that are produced in the SN interior through their coupling to nucleons and escape with semi-relativistic velocities. I will analyse the diffuse galactic SN flux of ALPs formed by the overlap of ALP fluxes from different SN and its possible detection in neutrino experiments.
Ponente: Marina Cermeño Gavilán (IFT UAM-CSIC) -
9:15
Advancements in the Hubble Constant Estimation via Gamma-Ray Attenuation 15m
The persistent discrepancy in the Hubble constant determinations, known as the Hubble tension, represents one of the most intriguing challenges in modern cosmology. For this reason, results from new and independent techniques are especially compelling. We will present the latest estimates on the Hubble constant (H0) from gamma-ray attenuation that uses optical depths calculations from a recent extragalactic background light model. This approach is built from multiwavelength galaxy data from the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (HST/CANDELS). CANDELS gathers one of the deepest and most complete observations of stellar and dust emissions in galaxies. These optical depths are compared with data from gamma-ray observations taken with the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. We find H0 = 62.4 +4.1/-3.9 km s^-1 Mpc^-1 when fixing the matter density of the Universe, Om = 0.32, and H0 = 65.1 +6.0/-4.9 km s-1 Mpc-1 and Om = 0.19 ± 0.08, when exploring these two parameters simultaneously. Although with low significance, results from this methodology tend to align with Hubble determinations at cosmic scales such as those from baryonic acoustic oscillations and the cosmic microwave background rather than from local scales such as those from Cepheid variable stars and Type Ia supernovae.
Ponente: Alberto Dominguez (UCM & IPARCOS) -
9:30
Status of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory 15m
Very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astroparticle physics is a relatively young field. Observations over the past decades have revealed about 250 VHE emitters that appear to act as cosmic particle accelerators, boosting the field significantly. These findings prove that the detection technique based on imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT) has reached a level of maturity that allows the IACT scientific community to consider switching from experiments to proposal-driven astronomical observatories. The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the realization of this idea. CTAO consists of two arrays of IACTs. One array is located in the Northern Hemisphere, at the Observatorio Roque de los Muchachos (ORM) in the Canary island of La Palma. The other array is located in the Southern Hemisphere, in Paranal, Chile. The CTAO will utilize IACTs of three different sizes to reach a broad energy range (from 20 GeV to 300 TeV). The construction of the CTAO is about to officially start, with CTAO Large-sized telescopes (LSTs) already being commissioned in the ORM. In parallel, the infrastructure works and telescope deployment are soon beginning at the CTAO south site. In this contribution, we will present the upcoming CTAO facility, the construction plans, the planned science operations, and CTAO's potential scientific exploitation, emphasizing Spanish contributions to the project.
Ponente: Igor Oya (CIEMAT) -
9:45
miniTRASGO: A Compact Cosmic Ray Telescope for Global Coverage 15m
Cosmic rays, discovered in 1912, were initially crucial for uncovering new fundamental particles and have since become key to understanding broader astrophysical phenomena. Today, they provide essential data for multi-messenger astronomy and serve as tools for probing near-Earth space and solar activity. To enhance our understanding of cosmic rays, a new family of modular detectors, called Trasgos, has been developed. These high-granularity tracking devices use Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) to detect ionizing secondary cosmic rays and are designed for ease of deployment. The autonomous station presented here, with a detection area of 0.1 m$^{2}$, includes built-in sensors for pressure, temperature, and humidity, as well as software for rate monitoring and hit mapping. We discuss the detector’s performance and initial innovations, all applied to the observation of a Forbush Decrease. This study highlights the scientific potential of the miniTRASGO concept and its prospective integration into a global telescope network that complements the existing Neutron Monitor Data Base, aiming to advance cosmic ray research worldwide.
Ponente: Cayetano Soneira Landín (GFN - UCM) -
10:00
Heavy Cosmic Rays in the Galaxy: Latest Results from AMS on the International Space Station 15m
The measurement of the various cosmic-ray fluxes of nuclei are paramount for the understanding of the propagation in the galaxy and the determination of relevant physical quantities like the diffusion coefficient and the halo size. Due to its large acceptance and long mission onboard the International Space Station, AMS has performed precise measurements of 16 fluxes of nuclei in cosmic rays in the rigidity range from 2-3 GV to 2-3 TV with detailed study of systematic errors, thanks to its highly specialised redundant subdetectors. AMS results reveal the existence of distinct groups of cosmic rays —besides the traditional division between primary and secondary cosmic rays— based on their rigidity dependence, as well as interesting properties which have allowed for a better understanding of the propagation processes in the galaxy. This contribution will present the 11-year measurements of cosmic-ray nuclei done by AMS, its implications and the comparison with the state-of-the-art GALPROP-HELMOD model, with special attention to the latest measurements of heavy nuclei.
Ponente: Jose Ocampo Peleteiro (CIEMAT) -
10:15
Precision measurements of Electron and Positron Fluxes with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station 15m
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a multipurpose particle detector operating on the International Space Station since May 2011. After 13 years, AMS has measured more than 240 billion cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. The measurements of positron and electron fluxes have shown unforeseen spectral features that cannot be explained with the traditional models of galactic cosmic rays. The accurate measurement of the arrival directions and time evolution of electron and positron fluxes can help to understand their origin and propagation mechanisms and thus may clarify the causes of the observed features. In this talk, the latest AMS results on electrons and positrons will be presented.
Ponente: Iñaki Rodríguez-García (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas) -
10:30
KM3NeT: Detector Status and Recent Astronomy Results 15m
The KM3NeT collaboration is building a multi-site neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea, with two detectors currently in partial deployment. One detector is ORCA, in front of the French coast of Toulon, sensitive to energies ranging from GeV to few TeV and with the study of neutrino properties as the main scientific goal. The other detector, ARCA, next to Sicily in Italy, is sensitive to energies ranging from TeV to PeV and its main goal is to perform neutrino astronomy.
In this contribution, I will talk about the current status of KM3NeT, present the most recent astronomy results, and discuss the scientific potential of KM3NeT.
Ponente: Francisco Salesa (IFIC) -
10:45
Multi-messenger results of the KM3NeT real-time analysis platform 15m
In recent years, the development of multi-messenger astronomy has opened a new window into understanding the most energetic phenomena of our Universe. The study of transient events by combining information from neutrinos, photons, charged particles, and gravitational waves enhances the sensitivity to identifying and characterising a wide variety of astrophysical sources.
The KM3NeT neutrino telescope is a deep-sea Cherenkov infrastructure currently taking data in the Mediterranean Sea with partial configurations. Two separate arrays are under construction: ORCA, off-shore Toulon (France), and ARCA, off-shore Sicily (Italy). This talk summarises the latest results of the searches for neutrino counterparts in coincidence with other astrophysical phenomena. These analyses have been conducted using the KM3NeT real-time platform, and cover a wide neutrino energy range from MeV to a few PeV.
Ponente: Juan Palacios González (IFIC) -
11:00
Discussion ESPP Update 30m
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Red FNUC (Red Temática de Física Nuclear)Moderadores: Cesar Domingo-Pardo (IFIC (CSIC-University of Valencia)), Tomás Raúl Rodríguez Frutos (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
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New experimental measurements for Ba to Nd nuclei (A$\sim$160) for r-process rare-earth nucleosynthesis 15m
The r-process, also known as the rapid neutron capture process, plays a crucial role in the formation of more than half of the elements that are heavier than iron. To shed light on this process, the BRIKEN collaboration [1] has conducted extensive measurements of the β-decay properties of important nuclei at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF) located at the RIKEN Nishina Center in Japan. During the freeze-out phase at the end of neutron exposure, a distinctive feature called the Rare-Earth Peak (REP) emerges in the solar abundance distribution around mass number A=160. This study focuses on the region from Ba to Nd, which is essential for understanding REP nucleosynthesis in the r-process, as indicated by sensitivity studies [2, 3]. In this work, we present the final results from the BRIKEN-REP experiment, which include newly determined branching ratios for $T_{1/2}$ and $P_{1n}$. Additionally, we offer new theoretical nuclear structure calculations to enhance our understanding of the r-process.
[1] J.L. Tain et. al , Acta Physica Polonica B 49(03), 417 $-$ 428 (2018). \newline
[2] M. R. Mumpower et al , Phys. Rev. C 85, 045801 (2012).
[3] A. Arcones and G. Martinez Pinedo , Phys. Rev. C 83, 045809 (2011).Ponente: Max Pallàs Solís (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)) -
9:15
Pauli blocking in deformed two-boy models applied to weakly-bound exotic nuclei 15m
The study of reactions involving weakly-bound exotic nuclei is an active field due to advances in radioactive beam facilities. Many of these nuclei can be approximately described by a model consisting of an inert core and one or more valence nucleons. For some of these nuclei, the quadrupole deformation is especially relevant and should be included in the structure models. This is the case of $^{11}\text{Be}$ and $^{17}\text{C}$, which can be approximately described as a core and a weakly-bound neutron.
Two different deformed two-body models have been used to described these nuclei, and their results have been compared [Phys. Rev. C 108 (2023) 024613]: the semi-microscopic particle-plus-AMD (PAMD) model from [Phys. Rev. C 89 (2014) 014333] and the Nilsson model. We now explore a new model built as a combination of these two. Furthermore, Pauli blocking effects of deformed single-particle Nilsson states are considered, applying the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) formalism. The bound states wavefunctions obtained for $^{17}\text{C}$ have been tested by applying them to the $^{16}\text{C}(d,p)^{17}\text{C}$ transfer reaction, using as reaction framework the Adiabatic Distorted Wave Approximation (ADWA). The results are consistent with the data from [Phys. Lett. B 811 (2020) 135939], Pauli blocking effects significantly improve the agreement.
In our calculations, the continuum spectrum of the weakly-bound nuclei is discretized using the transformed harmonic oscillator basis (THO) [Phys. Rev. C 80 (2009) 054605]. The THO has been successfully applied to the discretization of the continuum of two-body and three-body weakly bound nuclei for the analysis of break up and transfer reactions [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 232502, Phys. Rev. C 94 (2016) 054622]. Therefore, our structure models can be used to study processes such as transfer to the continuum or Coulomb dissociation.
Ponente: Pedro Punta (Universidad de Sevilla) -
9:30
Cluster structure in 14C 15m
Cluster-like structures are often present in atomic nuclei and significantly influence their structural and dynamical properties. More precisely, Morinaga [1] proposed a particular alpha cluster configuration known as the linear-chain cluster state (LCCS), in which the alpha particles are arranged in a linear sequence. In this configuration, the neutron excess appears to play a significant role in stabilizing the structure. Suhara and Kanada-En'yo [2] were the first to predict the existence of the LCCS in $^{14}$C using antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD). However, it was not until 2014 that the first experimental evidence was obtained by Freer et al. [3], supporting the idea of the LCCS in $^{14}$C by identifying the prolate band (J$^{\pi}$ = $0^+$, $2^+$, 4$^+$). Two years later, Fritsch et al. [4] observed the 2$^+$ and the 4$^+$ states, but the position of the band head (0$^+$) remained unknown. Recently, Yamaguchi et al. [5] reported having identified this 0$^+$ state at 3 MeV, however, a recent work has challenged this finding [6].
The alpha-cluster structure of $^{14}$C has been investigated through the resonance scattering in the $^{10}$Be($^{4}$He,$^{4}$He)$^{10}$Be reaction. The experiment was conducted using an active target time projection chamber (AT-TPC) filled with pure He, placed inside the solenoidal spectrometer SOLARIS [7]. The standalone $^{10}$Be beam was injected into the ReA6 accelerator at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), where it was accelerated and subsequently delivered to SOLARIS. Different gas pressures inside the AT-TPC and different beam energies were used in order to extract as much information as possible about the different LCCS bands: the $\pi$-bond and the $\sigma$-bond. Both bands will be studied using a new observable: the three-particle decay inelastic channel branching ratio.
[1] H. Morinaga, Interpretation of some of the excited states of 4n self-conjugate nuclei, Phys. Rev. 101 (1956) 254-258.
[2] T. Suhara, Y. Kanada-En'yo, Cluster structures of excited states in C 14, Physical Review C 82 (2010) 044301.
[3] M. Freer et al., Resonances in 14C observed in the 4He(10Be,4He)10Be reaction, Physical Review C 90 (2014) 054324.
[4] A. Fritsch et al., One dimensionality in atomic nuclei: A candidate for linear-chain $\alpha$ clustering in C 14, Physical Review C 93 (2016) 014321.
[5] H. Yamaguchi et al., Experimental investigation of a linear-chain structure in the nucleus 14C, Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particles and High-Energy Physics 766 (2017) 11-16.
[6] J. Han et al., Nuclear linear-chain structure arises in carbon-14. Commun Phys 6, 220 (2023).
[7] https://www.anl.gov/phy/solaris.
This work is supported by the Xunta de Galicia (CIGUS Network of Research Centres) and the European Union.
Ponente: David Palacios Suárez-Bustamante (IGFAE - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) -
9:45
First beta-decay spectroscopy of 132Cd 15m
Isotopes close to the doubly-magic nuclei $^{132}$Sn are of strong interest from the point of view of nuclear structure. Spectroscopic studies are performed with the aim of obtaining a better understanding of the evolution of shell orbits in nuclei with large N/Z ratios, and providing critical tests of theoretical models. The information on the nuclear structure and decay properties of n-rich nuclei in this region may also provide input to calculations for astrophysical r-process.
A new experimental camping was carried out at the ISOLDE facility to study the $\beta$-decay of neutron-rich cadmium isotopes. High intensity Cd (Z = 48) beams were produced after the fission of a thick UC$_{x}$ target, selectively ionized by the ISOLDE Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) and separated in mass using the General Purpose Separator (GPS) ISOLDE mass separator. A temperature-controlled quartz transfer line was used to ensure purity of the cadmiun beams [1].The experiment exploited the excellent spectroscopic capabilities of the ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS). The fast-timing configuration was employed, which included 6 highly efficient clover-type HPGe detectors, altogether with 2 LaBr$_3$(Ce) and 3 ultra-fast $\beta$-plastic detectors arranged in close geometry.
Direct observation of $\gamma$-ray de-excitations and $\gamma$-$\gamma$ coincidences in $^{132}$In has been achieved following the $\beta$-decay of the $^{132}$Cd 0$^+$ ground state (g.s.). The $^{132}$In nuclear structure information is complemented by the $\beta$-n decay of $^{133}$Cd, providing enhanced statistics. These results expand those from experiments at RIKEN facility [2,3].
The significantly higher statistics and the possibility of using coincident $\gamma$-$\gamma$ measurements enable an expanded level scheme and more detailed comparison with shell-model calculations. An interpretation of the level structure is given based on the experimental findings and the particle-hole configurations arising from core excitations both from the N < 82 and Z < 50 shells, leading to positive- and negative-parity particle-hole multiplets [2,3].
[1] Fraile, L. M., \& Korgul, A. \textit{et al.}, (2020). Beta-decay spectroscopy of neutron-rich Cd isotopes (No. CERN-INTC-2020-070).
[2] T. Parry (2023). Structure of Neutron-rich Nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn Region. PhD Thesis, University of Surrey, 2024.
[3] A. Jungclaus \textit{et al.}, (2016). Physical Review C, 93(4), 041301.
Ponente: Marcos Llanos Expósito (UCM) -
10:00
PN-pairing with Gogny interaction and Taurus code 15mPonente: Miguel de la Fuente (UAM)
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Quenching of spectroscopic factors in transfer reactions with 10,12Be beams 15m
Proton and neutron removal reactions across the Be-Li chain close to the drip line have been investigated to establish the role of the Geometrical Mismatch Factor (GMF) and the Short-Range Correlations (SRC) effects [1] in lowering the cross sections, as observed previously in He-Li nuclei when compared to theoretical predictions [2] in what is widely known as the quenching of Spectroscopic Factors (SFs).
The experiment E748 was performed at GANIL using $^{10}\text{Be}$ and $^{12}\text{Be}$ beams at 30 AMeV impinging on a $\text{CD}_{2}$ target, with an intensity of $3\times 10^{5}$ and $2\times 10^{4}$ pps respectively. The light recoil's angle and energy were detected using 8 MUST2 telescopes [3], and a zero-degree detector consisting of an ionization chamber and a plastic scintillator that permitted the identification of the heavy recoil.
The missing-mass technique was used to reconstruct the excitation energy spectrum, from which cross-sections have been extracted. Particular attention has been paid to the $^{10}\text{Be}(\text{d},^{3}\text{He})^{9}\text{Li}$ and $^{12}\text{Be}(\text{d},^{3}\text{He})^{11}\text{Li}$ transfer reactions, but also to the $^{10}\text{Be}(\text{d},\text{t})^{9}\text{Be}$ channel as it enables further constraints to these two phenomena along the same isotopic chain.
This work will present preliminary results of the angular distributions for all the interesting channels, alongside a study of the aforementioned quenching factor ($R_{\text{S}}$ in the literature) by comparing experimental SFs to Shell Model calculations. The elastic channels will also be displayed as a validation mechanism of the normalization factors.
References
[1] N. K. Timofeyuk et al., J. Phys. G Nucl. Partic. 41 (2014) 094008.
[2] A. Matta et al., Phys. Rev. C 92 (2015) 041302.
[3] E. Pollacco et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 25 (2005) 287-288.
[4] F. Nunes et al., Nucl. Phys. A 609 (1996) 43-73.Ponente: Miguel Lozano-González (IGFAE-USC) -
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Decisional Gradient Descent: A New Optimizer for Variational Monte Carlo 15m
The nuclear many-body problem is known to be computationally expensive to solve. Recently, with the advent of machine learning techniques in science, the method of Neural-Network Quantum States is being adopted by different groups to tackle nuclear systems, with the hope that it will be more efficient than the alternatives. Being a variational method, one of the inherent difficulties is to optimize the energy. Even for simple systems, the preferred optimization algorithm, Stochastic Reconfiguration, does not guarantee a smooth convergence towards the energy minimum. In this talk, I present our latest optimizer, Decisional Gradient Descent, from the point of view of second-order optimization theory. Not only does it consistently outperform the state-of-the-art Stochastic Reconfiguration (for our system of choice), but also the theoretical framework used to derive it is very wide. We believe this will allow for the development of several powerful optimizers within this decisional framework.
Ponente: Javier Rozalén Sarmiento (Universitat de Barcelona) -
10:45
In-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy of 136Te within the HiCARI project 15m
With the arrival of the HiCARI campaign [1] to the RIBF facility at RIKEN (Japan), a series of in-
beam g-ray spectroscopy experiments was performed in order to expand the previous spectroscopic
information on exotic, neutron-rich nuclei of intermediate mass. Previously, incompatible results
regarding the reduced transition probability for the decay of the first excited 2+ state, B(E2), in 136Te
were reported from Coulex experiments and direct lifetime measurements using the fast-timing
technique [2-5]. Due to the better energy resolution of the Ge detectors forming the HiCARI array,
as compared to the previously used DALI2 NaI(Tl) array [6], in experiment NP1912-RIBF193 it is
possible to extract, from the same data set, B(E2) values from the cross sections measured for the
inelastic excitation on Au and Be targets on the one hand and the analysis of Doppler-shifted
lineshapes on the other. The new results will shed light on the conflict between transition strengths
derived from Coulex and lifetime measurements reported for several nuclei in the literature.
In this conference I aim to present lifetime results for the excited states of 136Te, populated via
Coulex and one neutron knockout reactions. Moreover, a comprehensive description of the
employed analysis methods, as well as a full characterization of the HiCARI array and its sources of
systematic uncertainties will be presented, as other cases corresponding to different lifetime regimes
(e.g. 131Sn, 131In) were studied in detail too.
References
[1] https://www.nishina.riken.jp/collaboration/SUNFLOWER/devices/hrarray/index.php, accessed 12-01-2024
[2] J. M. Allmond et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 092503 (2017)
[3] M. Danchev et al., Phys. Rev. C 84, 061306(R) (2011)
[4] L.M. Fraile et al., Nucl. Phys. A 805, 218 (2008).
[5] V. Vaquero et al., Phys. Rev. C 99, 034306 (2019)
[6] S. Takeuchi et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 763, 596 (2014)Ponente: Jaime Acosta Loza (IEM-CSIC) -
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Analysis of semi-inclusive neutrino scattering within the relativistic distorted wave approach 15m
Nuclear effects in neutrino-nucleus scattering are one of the main sources of uncertainty in the analysis of neutrino oscillation experiments. Due to the extended neutrino energy distribution, very different reaction mechanisms contribute to the cross section at the same time. Measurements of muon momentum in CC0π events are very important for experiments like T2K, where most of the information about the oscillation signal comes from detection of the final-state muons only. However, those inclusive measurements make difficult to distinguish the contributions of nuclear effects. For instance, they do not allow to separate between different nuclear models and are not sufficient to put constraints on the amount of two-body current contributions. This is the reason why there is a growing interest in measurements of more exclusive processes, for instance the detection in coincidence of a muon and an ejected proton in the final state. Interpretation of such reactions, usually called semi-inclusive reactions, is challenging as it requires realistic models of the initial nuclear state and an appropriate description of proton final-state interactions.
In this talk we're going to present the theoretical predictions of semi-inclusive νμ cross sections on $^{12}$C and $^{40}$Ar obtained within an unfactorized approach based on the relativistic distorted wave impulse approximation (RDWIA) and compare them with T2K, MINERνA and MicroBooNE measurements and predictions of the inclusive SuSAv2-MEC model implemented in the neutrino event generator GENIE.
Ponente: Dr. Juan Manuel Franco (Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC)) -
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Thermal neutrons at HiSPANoS: Proposal for a moderating system 15m
The use of thermal neutron radiation is widespread across numerous fields and its use is a core component of many different experiments, including the study of fission and fusion, archeology, astrophysics, medicine or research applications. Such experiments are mostly carried out in nuclear reactors, which are the most intense thermal neutron source. This makes measuring in research reactors highly demanded, but many experiments do not require such high neutron fluxes and can be conducted in alternative thermal neutron facilities. In this context, Compact Accelerator Neutron Sources (CANS) produce neutrons via nuclear reactions triggered by energetic ion beams. One of such CANS is HiSPANoS, hosted at the Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA).
HiSPANoS is commissioned and open to users as a fast and epithermal neutron source. Aiming at expanding its capabilities to provide thermal neutrons, a neutron moderator has been designed via Monte Carlo simulations using the Geant4 toolkit. The proposed set-up takes into consideration the particularities of HiSPANoS in terms of ion beam energies and possible neutron production reactions, as well in terms of space limitations in the experimental hall. The characteristics of the expected thermal neutron beams and fields will be presented together with the measurement plan for the eventual commissioning.Ponente: Jesús Bartolomé Sarsa (CNA, Universidad de Sevilla)
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Red Temática de Física del LHC M1 (Aula Magna) ()
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Sala M1Moderador: Ricardo Vazquez Gomez (UB-ICC)-
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Integrating BSC Computing Infrastructure into ATLAS/CMS/LHCb 20mPonente: Josep Flix (PIC / CIEMAT)
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Measurement of inclusive and differential cross sections of tW at 13.6 TeV 20mPonente: Alejandro Soto Rodriguez (University of Oviedo)
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Inclusive Flavour Tagging at the LHCb experiment 20mPonente: John Wendel (UdC)
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Measurement of the W→cq/W→q¯q′ decay branching fraction ratio in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV 20mPonente: julia vazquez escobar (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT))
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Multiplicity-dependent production as observable for hadron nature testing at LHCb 20mPonente: Ivan Cambon Bouzas (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (ES))
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Measurement of Isolated $J/\psi$ Production in $pp$ Collisions at sqrt[s] = 13 TeV with the LHCb Experiment 20mPonente: Lidia Carcedo Salgado (USC)
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RedLHC Matters & ESPPU contribution + discussion 30mPonente: Salvador Marti Garcia (IFIC-Valencia (UV-CSIC))
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Transferencia de TecnologíaModeradores: Dr. Gabriela Llosa (IFIC-CSIC), Mª Carmen Jiménez-Ramos (Centro Nacional de Aceleradores-Sevilla)
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Red de Futuros Colisionadores
Reunion de la red de futuros colisionadores.
Moderadores: Marcel Vos (IFIC Valencia), MaryCruz Fouz (CIEMAT)-
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Discussion on DRDs - with instrumentation network 45m
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Discussion on European strategy - with instrumentation and LHC 30m
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Inauguración M1 (Aula Magna)
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Plenary SessionModerador: Antonio Dobado (Departamento de Física Teórica. Universidad Complutense)
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Spanish contributions to the legacy of the LHC Run-2 results 25mPonente: Imma Riu (IFAE Barcelona)
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Cosmology interpretation of DESI 2024 results 25mPonente: Licia Verde (ICCUB)
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Plenary SessionModerador: Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra (IFT UAM-CSIC)
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Exploring the limits of nuclear stability with solenoidal spectrometers 25mPonente: Yassid Ayyad (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela)
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QCD: present and future 25mPonente: Maria Zurita (University of Santiago de Compostela)
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Nuclear theory for the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements: current status and future perspectives 25mPonente: Samuel Giuliani (UAM)
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Plenary SessionModerador: Antonio Pich (IFIC)
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The Electron Ion Collider 25mPonente: Abhay Deshpande
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CEvNS in the Standard Model and Beyond 17mPonente: Valentina De Romeri (IFIC, CSIC-U. Valencia)
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Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering 17mPonente: Francesc Monrabal
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Reunión del CEC del CPAN y Reunión CEC CPAN con delegados científicos de las Embajadas M1 (Aula Magna)
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Facultad de Física UCMModerador: Maria Jose Costa (IFIC)-
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Plenary SessionModerador: Isabel Josa (CIEMAT)
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Instrumentation network overview 25mPonente: Iván Vila Alvarez (Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-UC))
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NUPPEC Strategy 25mPonente: Joaquin Gomez Camacho (Centro Nacional de Aceleradores - Universidad de Sevilla)
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Gravitational Waves from the Fifth Dimension 25mPonente: David Mateos (ICCUB)
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Spanish Contribution to LHC Run-3 25mPonente: Barbara Alvarez Gonzalez (Universidad de Oviedo)
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Plenary SessionModerador: Carlos Salgado (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)
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Preparation of the CPAN Spanish input to the European Strategy for Particle Physics Update 30mPonente: Maria Jose Costa (IFIC)
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Preparation of the CPAN Spanish input to the European Strategy for Particle Physics Update 30mPonente: Maria Jose Costa (IFIC)
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European Strategy for Particle Physics. Discussion 30mPonente: Maria Jose Costa (IFIC)
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Report from the Spanish FPN Program Manager 25mPonente: Pilar Hernández (IFIC, CSIC-U. Valencia)
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