BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//CERN//INDICO//EN BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:2019-2023: cinco años de experiencia investigadora en terapia de protones en el centro de Protonterapia Quironsalud DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T143000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T150000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21793@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Juan Antonio Vera (Centro de Protonterapia Quironsa lud)\nEn la presentación se describirán las líneas de investigación en protonterapia seguidas en el Centro Quirónsalud desde su puesta en march a hasta la actualidad\, además de dar una visión general de la actividad investigadora presente y de las líneas futuras a desarrollar en el centr o.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21793/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21793/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The challenge of multidisciplinarity in proton therapy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T101500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T110000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21792@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rafael Arrans ()\nDesde que en la década de los 40 Robert Wilson propuso\, de forma teórica\, los beneficios de la terapia c on protones para el tratamiento del cáncer\, el número de centros que us an este tipo de terapia y el de pacientes tratados ha ido creciendo de for ma imparable\, principalmente en los últimos quince años. \n\nNo obstant e\, las implicaciones clínicas\, biológicas\, dosimétricas y de liberac ión del tratamiento demuestran que la protonterapia no es un tema exclusi vo de los físicos nucleares experimentales\, ni de los físicos médicos\ , ni siquiera de los oncólogos radioterápicos. \n\nPor el contrario\, lo s máximos beneficios que pueden alcanzarse con esta terapia sólo pueden alcanzarse mediante el concurso adecuado de todas las ramas de la ciencia implicadas. \n\nEn esta exposición se enumeran algunos aspectos en los qu e la Física puede aportar una contribución muy significativa orientada a la optimización del tratamiento del cáncer mediante la terapia con prot ones.\n\nAsímismo se expone el estado actual de la protonterapia en Espa ña y su evolución prevista para los próximos años.\n\nhttps://indico.i fic.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21792/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21792/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Estudios preliminares del efecto radiosensibilizador de nanopartí culas de oro para hadronterapia DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T114500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T120000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21769@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nuria Fuster Martínez (Instituto de Física Corpusc ular\, IFIC (CSIC-UV))\nEl uso de la nanotecnología ha revolucionado el m undo de la medicina y está cambiando la forma en que se combaten y se tra tan varias enfermedades. Se utilizan nano-sensores para diagnóstico\, nan o-partículas para administrar medicamentos o nano-dispositivos para regen erar tejido dañado. Desde hace más de una década también se estudia el uso combinado de nano-partículas y radiaciones en terapias contra el cá ncer para aumentar la eficacia de estos tratamientos. \n\nLas nanopartícu las metálicas de alto número atómico han demostrado experimentalmente s er potenciales radiosensibilizadores tumorales. Las células tumorales se cargan previamente con estas nanopartículas\, mejorando los efectos radio biológicos de la radiación aplicada. Esta técnica podría dar lugar a u na reducción de la duración de los tratamientos y de la dosis depositada en los tejidos sanos. Este efecto se ha observado en experimentos radiobi ológicos in-vitro e in-vivo tanto con rayos-X\, haces de electrones y hac es de protones.\nEstudios de simulación concluyen que el mecanismo físic o detrás de la mejora de la dosis con rayos-X se basa en un aumento de lo s fotoelectrones\, electrones Auger y rayos-X de fluorescencia. Esta radia ción secundaria generada de corto alcance provoca un aumento de la dosis local en las células tumorales. Sin embargo\, los mecanismos físicos det rás de la mejora de la dosis inducida por nanopartículas con haces de pr otones y electrones parecen ser controvertidos y dependientes de la distri bución de dosis con una resolución de unos pocos nanómetros\, de la geo metría del problema y de procesos químicos y biológicos. Para protones la información disponible es mucho menor que para fotones\, y en general es difícil comparar los resultados encontrados en la bibliografía debido a que las características de las nanopartículas y las condiciones de ha z utilizadas son muy diferentes entre los distintos estudios. Por ello\, s e necesitan experimentos sistemáticos en función de algunas de las varia bles involucradas en el problema (características de las nanopartículas\ , concentraciones…) que nos permitan por un lado entender mejor los meca nismos que potencialmente inducen una mejora de la eficiencia de la radiac ión a nivel físico\, químico y biológico\, y por otro lado definir uno s parámetros óptimos para la aplicación de esta tecnología. Así como\ , evaluar la eficiencia de la tecnología en casos concretos dónde su uso puede ser más beneficioso como por ejemplo en tratamientos de cáncer de cerebro y próstata.\n\nEn este trabajo presentamos estudios de puesta a punto para abordar el efecto radiosensibilizador de nanopartículas de oro \, así como resultados preliminares obtenidos en un primer experimento ra diobiológico realizado en la línea de radiobiología del ciclotrón del Centro Nacional de Aceleradores de Sevilla con protones.\n\nhttps://indico .ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21769/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21769/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Tomografía por Emisión de Positrones Registrada con Ultrasonidos para la obtención de imágenes moleculares\, anatómicas y funcionales DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T080000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T084500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21767@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mailyn Pérez Liva (Complutense University of Madrid )\nEn las últimas décadas hemos presenciado un amplio despliegue de sist emas de imagen in vivo que buscan brindar una visión multiparamétrica de l tejido que responda a la gran complejidad biológica que caracteriza a v arias de sus enfermedades más complejas. Cuando se habla de imagen in viv o multimodal\, una pregunta que se plantea con frecuencia es si la adquisi ción simultánea de información biológica con un instrumento híbrido t iene realmente alguna ventaja sobre la adquisición secuencial de informac ión similar con instrumentos distintos. Esta pregunta es legítima\, ya q ue el coste de construir instrumentos híbridos para la simultaneidad no e s despreciable. Sin embargo\, una situación obvia en la que la simultanei dad marca la diferencia sobre la secuencialidad es la co-localización\, e n el tiempo y en el espacio\, del flujo sanguíneo y el metabolismo. Ambos aspectos están estrechamente vinculados en todos los órganos: la sangre transporta hacia los tejidos vivos nutrientes\, células y diversos efect ores\, inhibidores y elementos reguladores\, y elimina los productos del m etabolismo tisular. Los diferentes tejidos controlan su perfusión atrayen do\, abriendo o cerrando vasos\, y envían señales a otros órganos a tra vés de la red vascular. La pérdida o apropiación indebida de este vínc ulo estrechamente regulado desempeña un papel fundamental en el desarroll o de tumores y en los trastornos isquémicos. Por lo tanto\, cabe esperar un mayor progreso y comprensión de los nuevos métodos de imagen que expl oran in vivo las interacciones entre estas características principales de l tejido. Sin embargo\, lograr una cartografía precisa y simultánea de l a vascularización y el metabolismo en las mismas coordenadas espaciales e n un organismo vivo es una tarea de enormes proporciones. En la mayoría d e los casos\, estos mapas se obtienen utilizando distintas modalidades de imagen en momentos diferentes y\, por lo tanto\, en un estado fisiológico diferente (temperatura\, frecuencia cardiaca\, anestesia\, etc.)\, por lo que el registro conjunto a posteriori supone un enorme reto. Para dar res puesta a ello\, el grupo de Imágenes In vivo del Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular de París (Francia)\, asociado con otras instituciones com o el grupo de Física para la Medicina de Paris\, el Grupo de Física Nucl ear de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid\, entre otros\, ha desarrollad o un instrumento híbrido preclínico denominado PETRUS: Tomografía por E misión de Positrones Registrada con Ultrasonidos. PETRUS ofrece una combi nación ideal de imágenes para la lectura del metabolismo mediante 2'-deo xi- 2'[18F]fluoro-D-glucosa (FDG) PET\, y la microvascularización mediant e Doppler Ultrarrápido\, de forma simultánea\, no invasiva y directament e en el mismo sistema de coordenadas espaciales. En esta charla abordaré aspectos sobre la construcción de este nuevo instrumento\, sus caracterí sticas\, los primeros resultados de imagen en roedores obtenidos con este prototipo preclínico y su traslación al ámbito clínico.\n\nhttps://ind ico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21767/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21767/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Experiencia investigadora\, asistencial y docente en la instalaci ón de protonterapia de la Clínica Universidad de Navarra DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T150000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T153000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21795@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Diego Azcona ()\nEn 2020\, tras concluir el comision ado de la instalación de protonterapia\, la CUN empezó los tratamientos clínicos de pacientes\, dentro de un proyecto asistencial\, investigador y docente. En esta charla se discuten algunos aspectos relacionados con la investigación en física médica que tienen interés por su aplicación clínica\, involucrando aspectos de procesado de imagen médica\, cálculo de la dosis absorbida mediante Monte Carlo\, y modelos de eficacia bioló gica de la dosis depositada por haces de protones. Asimismo se mencionará n aspectos docentes y de actividad asistencial.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv. es/event/7213/contributions/21795/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21795/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Metasurface of capacitively-loaded split rings for field homogeniz ation in a 7 T MRI birdcage coil DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T121500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T123000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21753@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Manuel Freire (Universidad de Sevilla)\nThis work is part of an interdisciplinary research that joins the area of electromagne tic metamaterials and the area of magnetic resonance imaging for medical i maging. Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging systems provide an inc reased signal-to-noise ratio and resolution in comparison with high field systems\, and the only drawback of ultra-high field systems is the inheren t inhomogeneity of the radiofrequency excitation field. The transmit field B1+ in a 7 T birdcage coil is inherently inhomogeneous due to the effects of wavelengths on tissue. In the literature\, there are several approache s addressing the issue of homogenizing this field. This work investigates the homogenization of this field through metasurfaces that consist of a tw o-dimensional planar array of capacitively loaded conducting rings. Electr omagnetic simulations are carried out with the software CST Studio Suite f or a 7 T birdcage loaded with metasurfaces to validate the proof-of-concep t. The metasurfaces are placed in the intermediate space between the head model and the birdcage on either side of the head. The periodical structur e of this type of metasurface supports magnetoinductive waves because of t he mutual inductive coupling existing between the elements of the array. T he analysis takes advantage of this coupling and exploits the excitation o f a standing magnetoinductive wave across the arrays\, which creates a str ong local field that contributes to homogenize the field of the birdcage. The presence of the arrays does not detune the birdcage\, so that they can be used with commercial birdcages that operate both to transmit and to re ceive. The figures show screenshots of the implementation in CST of the mo del under study and the results of the simulation for the transmit field B 1+ in the absence and in the presence of the metasurfaces.\n\nhttps://indi co.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21753/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21753/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:IA\, radiomics\, y radiogenomics DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T103000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T111500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21794@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mireia Crispín ()\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/ 7213/contributions/21794/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21794/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Design of an X-ray irradiator with FLASH dose-rate capabilities fo r preclinical research DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T110000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T111500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21768@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Paula Ibáñez García (Universidad Complutense de M adrid)\nIntroduction\nThe practice of radiation oncology has undergone a s ubstantial improvement in all the stages of the radiotherapy process. Howe ver\, the progress in our understanding of radiobiological processes has f allen behind. Take for instance FLASH therapy\, whose underlying biologica l mechanisms still remain unknown [1]. An improvement of the accuracy\, av ailability\, and reproducibility of radiobiology experiments at both conve ntional and FLASH conditions\, would greatly help to fill this gap. X-ray irradiators for preclinical research are becoming increasingly popular in cancer research and specially in radiobiology experiments\, representing a n alternative to traditional gamma irradiators with several advantages\, s uch as their relative low cost\, ease of use\, smaller certification/autho rization burden\, and good control of dose rate [2]. Therefore\, a FLASH c apable X-ray irradiator would be of interest [3\,4]. \nMaterials and metho ds\nIn this work\, we propose a new concept of small animal X-ray irradiat or based on a conventional imaging X-ray tube for preclinical research [5] . We assessed its feasibility to deliver FLASH dose rates. Our design puts the imaging X-ray tube into a shielded cabinet\, which makes the system a ffordable and suitable to use without disruption in existing laboratories and with minimum regulatory burden. Two conventional 150 kVp X-ray tubes w ere characterized with Gafchromic films for dose rates and dose uniformity . Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to model the irradiator\, an d the efficiencies of the tube and dose rates (with and without additional filtration) were calculated and compared with measurements. The feasibili ty of achieving ultra-high dose rates was determined from the rating chart s provided by the manufacturer and measurements. \nResults\nThe small anim al irradiator proposed in this work was able to deliver conventional dose rate irradiation (0.5-1 Gy/min) at 150 kVp at 20 cm distance with minimum amount of filtration. FLASH irradiations (a 10 Gy dose delivered at >40 Gy /s) were also possible at the maximum capabilities of the tubes by placing the samples at the closest distances from the sources. \nConclusion\nAn i rradiator based on a standard imaging X-ray tube with FLASH dose-rates cap abilities for preclinical research is feasible. A prototype has already be en built by SEDECAL Molecular Imaging\, one of the largest manufacturers o f X-ray portable imaging systems worldwide.\n\n[1] Mazal\, A.\, et al. Bri t. J. Radiol.\, 2020\, 93\, (1107)\, pp. 20190807\n[2] Ghita\, M.\, et al. Cancers\, 2019\, 11\, (2)\, pp. 170\n[3] Cecchi\, D.D et al. Med. Phys. 2 021\, 48\, (11)\, pp. 7399-7409\n[4] Rezaee\, et al. Phys. Med. Biol.\, 20 21\, 66\, (9)\, pp. 095006\n[5] Espinosa-Rodríguez et al. Radiat. Phys. C hem.\, 2023\, 206\, pp. 110760\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/con tributions/21768/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21768/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Experimental tests of the scanner prototype for imaging with proto ns developed at IEM-CSIC DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T114500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T120000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21790@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Amanda Nathali Nerio Aguirre (IEM-CSIC)\nProton ther apy requires precise knowledge of the patient's anatomy to guarantee an ac curate dose delivery [1]. X-ray computed tomography (CT) images are used n owadays to calculate the relative stopping power (RSP) needed for proton t herapy treatment planning [2]. Recent studies indicate that tomographic im aging using protons has the potential to provide a more accurate and direc t measurement of RSP with a significantly lower radiation dose than X-rays [3].\nThe proton CT (pCT) scanner prototype developed at IEM-CSIC is comp osed of a tracking system of two double-sided silicon strip detectors\, an d the CEPA4 detector as the residual energy detector. Our pCT scanner prot otype was tested at the Cyclotron Centre Bronowice (CCB) facility in Krako w\, Poland during three experimental campaigns conducted in 2021 and 2022. Radiographs were generated from pixelated detectors. Volumetric phantoms composed of matrices made of PMMA with inserts of air\, ethanol\, water\, Delrin\, Teflon\, and aluminum were imaged. The radiographs displayed grea t fidelity with respect to the shapes of the studied samples. The spatial resolution of this proton imaging scanner prototype is better than 2 mm a nd the MTF-10%=0.3 line pairs per mm [4]. We are currently engaged in the data analysis of new samples for the study of radiographs and tomography s cans using proton beams with energies up to 200 MeV.\nAt this conference\, we will present preliminary findings\, including the imaging capabilities of our prototype\, showcasing its potential applications for the future o f medical imaging detectors.\n\n**References**\n[1] C. Sarosiek et al.\, M ed. Phys. **48**\, 2271 (2021).\n[2] P. Wohlfahrt and C. Richter\, Br. J. Radiol. **93**\, 20190590 (2020).\n[3] R. P. Johnson Rep. Prog. Phys. **81 **\, 016701 (2018).\n[4] J. A. Briz et al.\, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. **69** \, 696 (2022).\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21790 / LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21790/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Neural Network-Based Localization of Photon Interactions in Monoli thic Scintillators. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T160000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T161500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21789@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Javier Pérez-Curbelo (Instituto de Física Corpuscu lar (IFIC- CSIC/UV))\nCompton camera imaging is currently under active inv estigation in the field of medical physics\, with researchers exploring it s potential for various applications. The IRIS group at IFIC-Valencia has assembled the MACACO III Compton camera prototype\, equipped with three de tector planes housing LaBr3 crystals coupled to silicon photomultiplier ar rays. This technology aims to accurately determine the distribution of inc oming photons. Thus\, it necessitates image reconstruction algorithms that rely on the precise positions of photon interactions within the crystals. Previous studies have explored machine learning algorithms and analytical methods to calculate those interaction coordinates. In this work\, we foc used on the application of a convolutional neural network model\, trained with simulated data. The main aim was to predict photon interaction positi ons within a monolithic scintillator crystal. The training dataset was gen erated through simulations conducted in Gate v8.0\, utilizing a LaBr3 crys tal coupled to a silicon photomultiplier array. These simulations captured the light collected by the photomultiplier array pixels for both model tr aining and testing. The convolutional neural network model architecture wa s adapted from the well-known model VGG16. FWHM\, Euclidean distance and M ean Absolute Error were used to assess the model's accuracy. After achievi ng an effective model for predicting x and y coordinates\, its application was extended to estimate the depth of interaction. A comparison with earl ier studies highlights the reliable performance of the model in both 2D an d 3D research. The CNN model was compared to a state-of-the-art analytical method developed in the IRIS group. The CNN model predictions were found to be promising for accurately localizing photon interactions within a sci ntillator crystal.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/2 1789/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21789/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Termografía e Imágenes de perfusión de Láser Doppler para la c aracterización de la dermatitis por radiación y la calidad de vida del p aciente. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T151500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T153000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21788@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rosa M Cibrian (Universitat de València)\n**Introdu cción:** La dermatitis (DR) es una de las manifestaciones del efecto de l a radiación sobre la piel. Su evaluación se realiza mediante puntuacione s subjetivas\, siguiendo la escala RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) . Estas evaluaciones se ven comprometidas por variaciones intra e Intereva luador [1\,2]. \nLa termografía infrarroja (TI) y las imágenes de perfus ión de láser Doppler (LDPI) son dos técnicas\, no lesivas e invasivas\, que han sido propuestas en la literatura para medir cuantitativamente la DR. La TI permite obtener la temperatura superficial de la piel y LDPI eva luar la perfusión tisular producto del flujo sanguíneo microvascular.\nP or otro lado\, la DR también es valorable a partir de cuestionarios como el del Índice de Calidad de Vida Dermatológico (DLQI) [4] que miden el i mpacto de las enfermedades de la piel en la calidad de vida y permite clas ificar\, según la puntuación obtenida\, el efecto sobre la vida del paci ente (1. Sin efecto alguno\; 2. Leve efecto\; 3. Efecto moderado\; 4. Efec to muy importante\; 5: Efecto extremadamente importante).\n \n**Objetivo:* * Encontrar variables cuantificadoras del daño tisular y buscar su correl ación con las determinaciones más subjetivas utilizadas en clínica (RTO G y DLQI).\n\n**Material y método:** Se administró IMRT a 35 pacientes ( 39 – 81 años)\, en toda la mama tratada\, con una dosis total de 40\,05 Gy suministrada en 15 sesiones (2\,67Gy /fracción). A cada paciente se l e realizó un registro termográfico y de perfusión en tres momentos del tratamiento\, antes de iniciar (Basal)\, al finalizar la 5ª sesión y al finalizar la RT. Los registros se realizaron en ambas mamas\, siendo la ma ma no tratada tomada como control. Se determinó el índice termográfico (DT) como la diferencia de temperatura entre las dos mamas\, y el índice de microcirculación (IMC) como diferencia relativa entre la perfusión de ambas mamas. Las pacientes realizaron el cuestionario DLQI antes y al fin alizar la RT. Los valores considerados corresponden a la diferencia entre las puntuaciones en los dos momentos del estudio.\n\n**Resultados:** La fi gura 1 muestra\, a título de ejemplo\, las imágenes correspondientes a l as imágenes termográficas y de vascularización en dos momentos del estu dio\, basal y al finalizar la RT\, mostrando el cambio de ambos parámetro s\, temperatura y vascularización a lo largo del estudio.\n\nLa figura 2 muestra la relación entre las dos variables cuantificadoras DT e IMC y la figura 3 los valores de estas variables y los de RTOG de los pacientes.\n Por último\, la figura 4 muestra la relación ente los índices estudiado s y la valoración de sensación de los pacientes según el cuestionario D LQI\n\n**Discusión y conclusiones:** Se observa una buena correlación en tre los dos índices determinados tanto en general como diferenciando para los diferentes valores de RTOG\, así como con los valores de DLQI.\n\n** Bibliografía:**\n1.- A systematic review of patient-rated measures of rad iodermatitis in breast cancer radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011 doi: 10. 1097/COC.0b013e3181e84b36\n2.- The Use of Infrared Thermography in the Ass essment of Thermal Reaction of Patients Treated with Radiotherapy after Br east-Conserving Procedures. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 doi: 10. 3390/ijerph192114187.\n3.- Evaluation of acute skin toxicity in breast rad iotherapy with a new quantitative approach. Radiother Oncol. 2017. doi: 10 .1016/j.radonc.2016.09.019. \n4.- Using the Dermatology Life Quality Index to Assess How Breast Radiodermatitis Affects Patients' Quality of Life. B reast Cancer (Auckl). 2019 doi: 10.1177/1178223419835547.\n \n**Agradecimi entos:** Este trabajo se ha desarrollado gracias al proyecto PROMETEO/2021 /091 de la Generalitat Valenciana\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/ contributions/21788/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21788/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:First experimental hybrid Compton-PET imaging for ion-range monito ring in hadron therapy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T153000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T154500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21787@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Javier Balibrea Correa (Instituto de Física Corpusc ular IFIC)\nHadron Therapy has advantages with respect to conventional rad iotherapy because of the maximization of the dose at the Bragg peak. As a drawback\, and because of different systematic uncertainty sources\, a qua si-real time monitoring for ion-range verification is required to reduce s afety margins and thus enhance its potential benefits. Two of the most pro mising methodologies for in-room real-time monitoring are positron-emissio n tomography (PET) and prompt-gamma imaging (PGI). The PGI technique is we ll suited for real-time monitoring due to the prompt-nature of the emitted radiation [Ler22]\, whereas PET imaging can provide tomographic and funct ional information relevant to study physiological processes and tumor resp onse.\nWe have implemented a hybrid imaging monitoring based on the combin ation of both PGI and PET within the same system [Bal22]\, thus exploiting the advantages of both techniques. This is accomplished by means of an ar ray of Compton cameras in a twofold front-to-front configuration operating in synchronous mode.\nIn this contribution I will present a summary of a proof-of-concept experiment performed at CNA-Sevilla and first results fro m the HIT-Heidelberg facility\, where clinical conditions were used to val idate the hybrid technique with protons\, alpha and C ion beams.\n\n\n[Ler 22] J. Lerendegui-Marco et al.\, “Towards machine learning aided real-ti me range imaging in proton therapy”\, Sci Rep 12\, 2735 (2022). https:// doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06126-6\n\n[Bal22] J. Balibrea-Correa et al.\, “Hybrid in-beam PET- and Compton prompt-gamma imaging aimed at enhanced proton-range verification”\, The Eur. Phys. Jour. Plus\, Volume 137\, Is sue 11\, article id.1258 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03 414-y\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21787/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21787/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Imaging Ac-225 with MACACO III Compton camera DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T144500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T150000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21786@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gabriela Llosá (IFIC (CSIC-UV))\nThe IRIS group at IFIC is testing a Compton camera for the visualization of the radiopharmac eutical in the patients body in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) assess ment.\n\nThe prototye\, MACACO III\, is composed of three LaBr3 monolithic scintillator crystals coupled to SiPMs arrays\, and it employs the ASIC V ATA64HDR16 driven by the AliVATA data acquisition board for the readout. T o enhance the system's efficiency an enlarged second detector configuratio n has also been developed by combining four crystals per plane.\n\nInitial successful tests were conducted in collaboration with La Fe Hospital (Val encia) to image phantoms filled with FDG and 131I-NaI\, as well as thyroid cancer patients. Within the ICOR project (ASFAE/2022/019) the evaluation of the system has now been extended to include alpha emitters. Simulation studies have indicated the potential for imaging Ac-225 and a measurement campaign has been carried out at the Léon Bérard Centre (Lyon). Prelimin ary images of a phantom filled with Ac-225 have been obtained.\n\nhttps:// indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21786/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21786/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Aprendizaje deportivo asistido por sensores inerciales e inteligen cia artificial DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T103000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T104500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21785@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alberto Corbi (Universidad Internacional de La Rioja )\nLos sistemas de reconocimiento de la actividad humana (HAR) suelen util izar datos inerciales recogidos con acelerómetros para modelar actividade s de locomoción sencillas (correr\, andar\, subir y bajar escaleras\, etc .). Es decir: el objetivo de los sistemas HAR es clasificar qué tipo de m ovimiento ha realizado el usuario. Sin embargo\, estos desplazamientos pue den ser más complejos. Tal es el caso de la práctica de una actividad f ísica\, donde el deportista necesita aprender\, siguiendo un enfoque de r epetición psicomotriz\, a dominar la ejecución de los desplazamientos im plicados. En estos casos lo que interesa ahora es conocer si la ejecución del ejercicio o práctica es correcta o no.\n\nEn este trabajo de investi gación nos preguntamos\, por tanto\, si los sistemas HAR pueden utilizars e también para modelar el nivel de pericia de una persona durante el apre ndizaje de habilidades psicomotoras y deportivas. Para abordar esta cuesti ón\, hemos seleccionado el dominio de las artes marciales\, ya que la cor recta ejecución de este tipo de disciplinas deportivas (sobre todo en el caso de la disciplina marcial japonesa del Aikido) depende en gran medida del aprovechamiento de las leyes y conceptos relacionados con la dinámica y la cinemática (movimiento circular\, conservación de los momento de i nercia y angular\, torque\, etc.). El otro arte marcial estudiado es el Ke mpo americano. En el caso del Aikido\, se ha evaluado y medido varios movi mientos de casi 200 practicantes de unos 20 dojos repartidos por toda la g eografía española.\n\nNuestros resultados sugieren que transformar los d atos inerciales brutos usando diferentes sistemas de representación (coor denadas esféricas\, cilíndricas\, etc.) puede ser significativo para aju star el rendimiento psicomotor del usuario y permitir\, por ejemplo\, dist inguir entre practicantes expertos y no expertos en las mencionadas artes marciales. Además de los sistemas de coordenadas mencionados\, también s e usaron cuaterniones. Estos números hipercomplejos\, aunque típicamente empleados en robótica\, juegos de ordenador y navegación aeroespacial\, permiten representar y operar con orientaciones y rotaciones en el espaci o tridimensional de manera más elegante y eficiente (reducción de dimens iones).\n\nPara inferir el nivel de rendimiento de los participante\, se h an utilizado y comparado dos alternativas modernas en el ámbito del apren dizaje-máquina. La primera de ellas está basada en la extracción de car acterísticas de series de tiempo. La otra en una red neuronal convolucion al aleatoria.\n\nAunque nuestra investigación se ha centrado en el ámbit o de las artes marciales y la Física deportiva\, la metodología seguida sería perfectamente trasladable a otros ámbitos relacionados con otras áreas de la Física aplicada a la Salud (p.e.\, rehabilitación\, entrena miento personal\, etc.).\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contribut ions/21785/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21785/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Radioisotope production using a high-repetition-rate\, laser-based proton source DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T113000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T114500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21784@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adrián Bembibre Fernández (Instituto Galego de Fí sica de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (U SC))\nIn recent years\, there has been a growing interest in laser-driven ion accelerators as a potential alternative to conventional accelerators f or certain applications [1]\, mainly because of their smaller footprint an d cost-effectiveness. A particularly promising application is the producti on of radionuclides of interest for medical imaging and therapy\, via nucl ear reactions such as $^{11}$B(p\,n)$^{11}$C [1\,2\,3]. Typically\, the pr oduction of these radionuclides is centralised at large cyclotrons\, which reduces the number of facilities required\, but limits the range of usabl e radionuclides to those with longer lifetimes [2]. For this reason\, lase r-driven accelerators could be an interesting option for in-situ generatio n of short-lived isotopes [2]\, such as $^{11}$C\, which is valuable for P ET medical imaging but currently restricted in use due to its short lifeti me ($t_{1/2}$= 20.36 min).\n\nHowever\, techniques such as PET imaging req uire activities in the range of 10 – 30 MBq for preclinical\, and betwee n 200 MBq and 1 GBq for clinical imaging\, above those that can be produce d in a single irradiation by ion beams driven by commercial laser systems\ , but potentially achievable by the continuous irradiation of an activatio n sample. For this purpose\, a rotating wheel developed in-house at L2A2 a llowing for multi-Hz operation [4]. A modified version of this target\, al locating up to 808 shots\, has been successfully deployed at a recent expe riment at CLPU (Spain)\, where protons with energy in excess of 12 MeV wer e obtained\, using 200 fs pulses with energies of up to 30 J focused down to 18 μm of spot size. The accelerated protons were used to produce $^{11 }$C in a proof-of-principle experiment. This was achieved via the aforemen tioned $^{11}$B(p\,n)$^{11}$C nuclear reaction by placing a boron disk clo se to the interaction point. A diagnostic based on the use of two CsI dete ctors operating in coincidence was developed to measure in-vacuum the acti vity generated in the sample. A total activity above 230 kBq was measured from a burst of only 20 shots at 0.1 Hz\, giving activities greater than 1 2 kBq/shot. These results indicate that pre-clinical activities are alread y achievable under the current conditions with extended irradiation times. Furthermore\, in order to reach higher activities\, additional developmen ts towards a system capable of producing thousands of shots at 10 Hz will be presented.\n\n[1] Z. Sun\, AIP Advances 11\, 040701 (2021).\n[2] S. Fri tzler et al.\, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83\, 3039 (2003).\n[3] H. Daido et al.\, Rep. Prog. Phys. 75\, 056401 (2012).\n[4] J. Peñas et al. Submitted HPLSE 2023.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21784/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21784/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Improved breast models for whole-body numerical phantoms DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T093000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T094500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21783@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: José Andrés Avellaneda González (Grupo de Física Nuclear\, Dpto EMFTEL & IPARCOS\, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas\, Univers idad Complutense de Madrid)\nSimulations of acquisitions in medical imagin g techniques such as SPECT\, PET\, CT\, Ultrasound\, etc. is a fundamenta l tool in medical physics research. One of the important aspects of the si mulation procedure is the use of the most realistic numerical models of th e human body possible. In this regard\, it is very helpful for these model s to be segmentated in tissues and organs so that specific physical proper ties can be accurately inserted in the phantoms. The principal limitation for many applications is the availability of a large set of those detailed models. \n\nOne of the most commonly used numerical human phantoms\, is t he XCAT phantom simulator\, developed by Duke university researchers. The anatomy in XCAT is defined using non-uniform rational b-splines (NURBS) an d includes thousands of defined structures as well as parameterized models for the beating heart and respiratory motions. Its capacity to generate d ynamic images allows the simulation of different medical images techniques that would not be possible with static models. In XCAT users can define n umerous parameters to create normal and abnormal anatomical and motion var iation\, with specific properties and geometries. This flexibility makes i t ideal for creating a large database of models for use in simulations. Ho wever the XCAT models are severely lacking in certain areas of the body\, such as the breasts. Real breasts are composed of ducts\, adipose tissue\ , lobules\, etc. whereas the XCAT models do not show any internal structur es. \n\nOn the other hand\, the VICTRE package is a software developed as part of the Virtual Imaging Clinical Trials for Regulatory Evaluation (VIC TRE) project of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA. The VIC TRE tools enable creating realistic breast phantoms and provide a complete simulated imaging chain for mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis\ , and it is an accessible tool. It allows modeling breast with different s izes and different proportion of fat and fibroglandular tissues.\n\nIn thi s work\, we took advantage of the advanced image coregistration techniques provided by the SimpleITK python library to incorporate the VICTRE breast models into the full body XCAT phantom. We were able to generate female f ull body phantoms with realistic breast models (Fig. 1) which could be use d for numerical simulations in the torso area. Some of these simulations i nclude cardiac ultrasonography and positron emission mammography. The prop erties of the phantoms\, and their capabilities will be described\, as wel l as some metrics of the performance of the corregistration procedure.\n\n https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21783/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21783/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Off-line Total Absorption Spectroscopy of 76Br and 152Tb for their medical interest DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T091500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T093000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21782@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Enrique Nacher (Instituto de Física Corpuscular - C SIC)\nRadionuclides are widely applied in different medical techniques for treatment and diagnosis. The success of the treatments and imaging\, as w ell as dose minimisation to healthy tissue depend\, among other things\, o n the decay characteristics of the radionuclide in use. This includes the different particles and radiation emitted\, the emission energies and the emission probabilities. These are essential for the calculation of the dos e administered to the patient in medical imaging or treatment with radiois otopes. \n\nA recent work by Nichols [1]\, shows a list of radionuclides o f actual or potential use in medicine and with deficiencies in their decay data provided. In some of the listed decays the author has explicitly spe cified the need for a Total Absorption Spectroscopy (TAS) measurement. Amo ng them\, 152Tb\, and 76Br are used in PET/SPECT and are recommended for a TAS measurement. In particular\, 152Tb is a PET isotope that works as the ranostic pair of 149Tb\, 161Tb and 177Lu used for therapy with labeled PSM A-617 (prostate cancer) or DOTATOC (neuroendocrine cancer).\n\nIn this con tribution we will present the TAS measurement of 76Br and 152Tb\, carried out recently at CERN-ISOLDE and whose decay properties were not well estab lished before.\n\n[1] A.L. Nichols\, Radiochim. Acta 110\, 609 (2022)\n\nh ttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21782/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21782/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Bunker Shielding Monte Carlo Simulation for the HUMV Proton Therap y Facility DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T110000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T111500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21781@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alberto Arteche (Instituto de Física de Cantabria ( IFCA))\nThe Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) demands a Radiation Prote ction (RP) study for the commissioning and operating authorization of the BeamPro 250 cyclotron at Valdecilla Hospital (HUMV). In response\, the Phy sics Institute of Cantabria (IFCA) has developed a Geant4-based simulation tool called BUNSHI. Given the machine's geometry and anticipated annual w orkload\, this tool accurately estimates specific shielding conditions and Radiation Protection occupational zones\, aligning with international saf ety standards and legal requirements. This paper showcases the application of the BUNSHI code to the future Proton Therapy facility at Valdecilla Ho spital.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21781/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21781/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:A novel stochastic model towards personalized dosimetry for transa rterial radioembolization DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T150000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T151500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21780@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carlos Huesa-Berral (Department of Radiation Oncolog y\, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School)\nBackground and purpose: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) procedures treat live r tumors by injecting radioactive microspheres into the hepatic artery. Cu rrently\, there is a critical need to optimize TARE towards personalized d osimetry. This is crucial to transition TARE to a first-line treatment fo r unresectable liver tumors. To this aim\, we present a novel MIcrosphere DOSimetry (MIDOS) stochastic model to estimate the activity delivered in t hree compartments: the tumor(s)\, normal liver\, and lung.\n\nMethods: MID OS incorporates adult male/female liver computational phantoms with the he patic arterial\, hepatic portal venous\, and hepatic venous vascular trees . Tumors can be placed in both models at user discretion. The perfusion of microspheres follows cluster patterns\, and a Markov Chain approach was a pplied to microsphere navigation\, with the terminal location of microsphe res determined to be in either normal hepatic parenchyma\, hepatic tumor\, or lung. A tumor uptake model was implemented to determine if microsphere s get lodged in the tumor\, and a probability was included in determining the shunt of microspheres to the lung. A sensitivity analysis of the model parameters was performed\, and radiation segmentectomy/lobectomy procedur es were simulated over a wide range of activity perfused. Then\, the impac t of using different microspheres\, i.e.\, 90Y (SIR-Sphere®)\, 90Y (Thera Sphere®) and166Ho (QuiremSphere®)\, on the tumor-to-normal ratio (TNR) a nd lung shunt fraction (LSF) was analyzed.\n\nResults: Highly vascularized tumors translated into increased TNR. Treatment results (TNR and LSF) wer e significantly more variable for microspheres with high particle load. In our scenarios with 1.5 GBq perfusion\, TNR was maximum for TheraSphere® at calibration time in segmentectomy/lobar technique\, for SIR-Sphere® at 1-3 days post-calibration\, and regarding QuiremSphere® at 3 days post-c alibration.\n\nConclusion: This novel approach is a decisive step towards developing a personalized dosimetry framework for TARE. MIDOS assists in m aking clinical decisions in TARE treatment planning by assessing various d elivery parameters and simulating different tumor uptakes. MIDOS offers ev aluation of treatment outcomes\, such as TNR and LSF\, and quantitative sc enario-specific decisions. Future steps include translating the activity-c ompartment map into dose distributions\, accounting for patient-specific v asculature models in normal liver and tumor.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/ event/7213/contributions/21780/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21780/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The LINrem project: neutron dosimetry and radiation protection in particle therapy facilities DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T111500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T113000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21779@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benedetta Brusasco (Universidad Politecnica de Catal uña (INTE-UPC))\nNeutrons are a highly penetrating type of radiation that can contribute significantly to the total absorbed dose in the human body . As a result\, the monitoring of neutron dose rates is crucial to asses t he risk of harm to workers\, patients\, and the public. Commercial portabl e neutron detectors\, also known as ambient neutron dosimeters\, are typic ally used for this purpose. However\, there are concerns about the reliabi lity of these detectors\, particularly in modern facilities that produce r adiation fields with high-energy contributions (E>20MeV) or complex time s tructures (pulsed or quasi-pulsed neutron fields). This issue is especiall y relevant in medical facilities\, such as proton therapy centers\, where high-energy neutrons of up to 250 MeV are produced as secondary stray radi ation. Furthermore\, the International Commission on Radiation Units and M easurements (ICRU) recently recommended alternative definitions for operat ional quantities currently used for radiation protection. The new operatio nal quantity has a direct impact on the performance of neutron dosimeters for energies lower than 100 eV and higher than 50 MeV. The LINrem project aims to provide solutions that meet the new requirements for energy sensit ivity and time resolution in neutron dosimetry\, in particular\, focusing on applications for medical facilities. In this work\, we review the techn ical challenges for active and time-resolved neutron dosimetry in particle therapy. We also present the status of the LINrem project\, including val idation of prototypes and our latest experimental results in proton thera py. Finally\, we discuss the future of the LINrem project and the impact o f the new ICRU recommendation for radioprotection in proton therapy center s.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21779/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21779/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Updates on G4-Med\, a Geant4 benchmarking for bio-medical physics applications: regression tests and computing performance DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T083000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T084500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21778@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Miguel Antonio Cortes-Giraldo (Universidad de Sevill a)\n**Introduction**\nGeant4 is a Monte Carlo toolkit widely used in bio-m edical applications. As such\, validation and performance monitoring focus ed on physics quantities relevant to this domain are of crucial need for t he community. To respond to these needs\, we developed *G4-Med*\, a fully automated benchmarking tool and regression testing suite of Geant4 for rel evant use cases in the bio-medical field. The first benchmark against refe rence data was carried out for version 10.5\, as described in [1]\, from w hich recommendations on physics lists were proposed according to each use case.\n\n**Materials & Methods**\n*G4-Med* includes 20 testing cases\, cov ering from basic physical quantities (attenuation coefficients\, stopping powers\, cross sections\, dose point kernels\, etc.) to tests of more real istic set-ups typical of medical physics applications (hadron therapy\, br achytherapy\, external electron beam therapy\, mammography\, etc). The lat est tests incorporated\, not covered in [1]\, aim at the validation of Gea nt4-DNA physics\, and of fragment production for hadrontherapy and *in-viv o* PET\, respectively. Each test runs with various reference physics lists to cover all relevant electromagnetic and hadronic physics interaction mo dels. The tests were integrated in the *geant-val* platform [2] and have b een executed for Geant4 development tags and public releases\, including t he latest public version 11.1. The calculations are compared to reference data for validation\, and to previous Geant4 versions for regression testi ng. Further\, execution times measured with various physics lists have bee n compared for version 11.1. Physics lists used as reference were *G4EmSta ndardPhysics_option3* (*“emstd_opt3”*) and *G4EmDNAPhysics_option2* (* “emdna_opt2”*)\, which are the fastest ones for condensed-history and track-structure simulations\, respectively.\n\n**Results**\nAs for electro magnetic physics\, the EPICS2017 dataset was added. In the electromagnetic tests\, in general\, results remained stable across versions\, showing * “emstd_opt3”*\, *“emstd_opt4”*\, *“emlivermore”* and *“empen elope”* similar accuracy when compared to experimental measurements. A s ignificant improvement was obtained in the *Brachytherapy* test\, where a better agreement against experimental data was observed with version 11.1\ , when calculating the dose at larger distances from an I-125 source. All the EM physics lists under study showed a computing performance between 1. 5 and 2 times slower than the *“emstd_opt3”*. As for hadronic physics\ , charge-changing cross sections improved in Geant4 version 11.1. For the case of ion Bragg peak curves\, versions 10.5 and 11.1 gave similar result s. In the case of the carbon fragmentation tests\, the results showed an i mprovement of version 11.1 against 10.5 in terms of angular distribution o f the emitted light fragments. More results of the *G4-Med* regression tes ting can be accessed and downloaded from *geant-val* web site [2]. \n\n**R eferences**\n[1] P. Arce et al (2021)\, Med. Phys. 48 (1): 19-38.\n[2] htt ps://geant-val.cern.ch/\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributi ons/21778/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21778/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Irradiation of cell samples with laser-generated X-rays and proton s DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T111500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T114500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21777@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A. Reija (Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerx ías (IGFAE)\, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela\, Santiago de Compos tela)\nDuring recent years the relevance of dose rate\, in addition to tot al dose\, has been recognized to understand the response of biological sys tems to ionizing radiation. Particle sources based on ultra-intense laser- plasma interactions offer unique conditions to apply instantaneous dose ra tes orders of magnitude larger than classical accelerators. We present an ongoing research program on radiation effects of laser-generated X-rays an d protons on living cells.\nA stabilized X-ray source has been realised at the Laser Laboratory for Acceleration and Applications (L2A2\, Santiago d e Compostela). A 30 fs pulsed laser with 1 mJ beam energy at 1 kHz shot ra te is focalized on a rotating copper plate. It generates a bremsstrahlung spectrum at low X-ray energies (up to some tens of keV). This source has b een used to apply a total dose of 3-8 Gy to 36 monolayer cell cultures of a human adenocarcinoma (A549) which were prepared at the close-by Institut o de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS). At 10 cm target distance the irradia tion time per sample is about 30-120 s. The applied dose is measured with radiochromic film. In addition\, an ionization chamber has been implemente d for real-time control.\nOur first experiment on biological effects of la ser-accelerated protons has been recently run at Centro de Láseres Pulsad os (CLPU\, Salamanca). A three-axis controlled wheel\, developed by IGFAE\ , has been applied for the precise positioning of 808 individual targets p er vacuum cycle in the focal spot of the VEGA-3 laser (1 PW\, 27 J at 1 Hz pulse rate). A magnetic energy selector\, developed by i3M and previously tested at the 18 MeV cyclotron of Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA\, Sevilla)\, has been implemented to obtain a quasi-monoenergetic proton bea m which was conducted through a thin vacuum window. A total of 27 cell sam ples\, prepared by Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG)\, h ave been exposed to tens of nanosecond proton pulses accumulating total do se values between 3 and 8 Gy. \nIn addition to first results we will highl ight the manyfold\, technological and logistic challenges of the two exper imental campaigns which\, on the national level\, have been the first comb ining laser-particle sources with biological sample manipulation. The aim of our research program is to compare the cellular effects of ultra-short\ , pulsed sources from high-power laser-plasma interactions with continuous beam facilities such as clinical linacs\, proton therapy centers\, or ext ernal accelerator beamlines.\n\nThe authors would like to thank the Spanis h Center of Pulsed Lasers (CLPU) and the members of the Consortium (Centra l Government\, Regional Government of Castilla y Léon and Universidad de Salamanca) for considering experiment 00562-0101 as a strategic proposal t hat develops new potentialities for CLPU and\, therefore\, finance the acc ess to its facilities\, as well as to acknowledge the results obtained wit h its petawatt laser t system (VEGA-3) and its scientific and technical as sistance. Supported by the Government of Castilla y León under the projec t CLP263P20 “Transport and manipulation of particles in laser accelerato rs: New scenarios in flash radiotherapy (TYMPAL)\, co-financed with FEDER funds. i3M received funding by Generalitat Valenciana\, ref. CIAICO/2022/0 08 and EDGJID/2021/204.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributi ons/21777/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21777/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Estimación de la dosis biológica en el fraccionamiento espacial de haces de iones pesados. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T120000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T121500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21776@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Wilfredo González Infantes (Universidad de Málaga) \nEl fraccionamiento espacial de la dosis en radioterapia utilizado desde los inicios de la práctica clínica\, sobre todo como tratamiento paliati vo\, está ganando protagonismo en la investigación de nuevas técnicas t erapéuticas. Aprovechando las instalaciones de investigación de los gran des aceleradores\, se comenzó a probar una variante de microhaces de foto nes\, encontrando resultados muy significativos en la preservación del te jido sano y posibilitando aumentar la dosis en el sitio tumoral. \n\nEn la actualidad se continúa investigando esta técnica\, llevándola a instal aciones de producción de fotones de forma convencional [1]\, a los aceler adores de electrones de muy alta energía [2] y a partículas que muestran una distribución de dosis más favorable en profundidad como resultado d el pico de Bragg\, protones y iones. [3]\n\nEste trabajo evalúa el fracci onamiento espacial con haces de carbono y neón\, utilizando el código de simulación Monte Carlo GATE (Geant4) para obtener las distribuciones esp aciales óptimas de estos dos iones. Se estudia\, la dosis física\, la tr ansferencia lineal de energía y se propone un modelo basado en la respues ta biológica del tejido para estimar la dosis biológica.\n\n1. González W\, Dos Santos M\, Guardiola C\, Delorme R\, Lamirault C\, Juchaux M\, Le Dudal M\, Jouvion G and Prezado Y. (2020) Minibeam radiation therapy at a conventional irradiator: Dose-calculation engine and first tumor-bearing animal’s irradiation. Phys. Med. 69: 256-261.\n\n2. Delorme R\, Masilel a T\, Etoh C\, Smekens F and Prezado Y. (2021) First theoretical determin ation of relative biological effectiveness of very high energy electrons. Sci. Rep. 11: 11242.\n\n3. González W and Prezado Y. (2018) Spatial fract ionation of the dose in heavy ions therapy: an optimization study. Med. P hys. 45: 2620-2627.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/ 21776/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21776/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Microdosimetric Kinetic Modeling and Clonogenic Data in Clinical R BE Assessment DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T140000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T141500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21775@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Suarez-Garcia (Universidad de Sevilla)\nTo ev aluate the impact of various radiation types on biological damage\, the Re lative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) is defined as the ratio of doses req uired to produce a given biological response (endpoint) between the radiat ion source under study and a reference radiation type\, typically photons. To potentially account for this in clinical practice\, phenomenological a nd mechanistic models have been proposed to determine the RBE in particle therapy\, such as the Microdosimetric Kinetic Model (MKM). The MKM introdu ces the concept of "domain" linked to the maximum distance over which subl ethal lesions can interact\, leading to lethal lesions and cell death. The size of the cell nucleus is also relevant to characterize how many lethal and sublethal lesions can be induced by radiation and at what point a let hal lesion is warranted from a given radiation.\n\nClonogenic experiments are important for this purpose because they determine the percentage of ce lls that keep their mitotic viability after exposure to ionizing radiation . The Particle Irradiation Database Ensemble (PIDE)\, developed at the GSI Helmholtz Center (Germany)\, is a database that provides data on irradiat ion conditions\, the ion used\, cell line information\, and the parameters of the linear-quadratic model (LQ) for different clonogenic experiments. By analyzing these data derived from experimental campaigns with protons\, alpha particles\, or carbon ions\, two key quantities of the MKM can be o btained: the statistical distribution of domain radius values and the cell nucleus radius. These parameters are used by the MKM to obtain the linear parameter (α) of the LQ model for a given radiation type.\n\nIn this wor k\, survival curves obtained from clonogenic assays were employed to deter mine the values of cell-specific parameters mentioned above in a systemati c way. This determination represents an approach to include further inform ation on the cell line-specific radiosensitivity. Our results showed large variability among different cell lines [1]\, illustrating the importance of intrinsic response to radiation of different biological systems when de termining RBE. The considerable deviations among groups and experiments ra ise the question of how valuable RBE models based on clonogenic assays are for the clinics. Also\, the significant number of nuances to be considere d in these models and the lack of connection with realistic biological pro cesses in the clinical response to radiation contribute to challenging the translatability of clonogenic survival data in the clinic.\n\nIt is likel y that a significant portion of the reported variability in PIDE comes fro m the fact that multiple institutions and laboratories carried out these e xperiments in different experimental conditions. Hence\, standardized meth ods to perform clonogenic assays for different particles and energies\, es pecially clinical ones\, may help to decrease the variability observed in experimental results\, leading to a better RBE assessment for clinical pra ctice.\n\n[1] D. Suárez-García et al. Radiother. Oncol. 185: 109730 (202 3).\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21775/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21775/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Monte Carlo simulations for in vitro radiopharmaceutical experimen ts using the TOPAS toolkit DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T141500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T143000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21774@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Suarez-Garcia (Universidad de Sevilla)\nRadio pharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a novel modality of oncology treatments th at uses radiolabeled agents affine to biomolecules overexpressed in tumor cell environments. RPT has the potential to improve outcomes for oncologic patients with distant metastases compared to external radiation therapies . This is due to its ability to target specifically cancerous cells while sparing healthy cells. In vitro radiopharmaceutical experiments are crucia l because they provide a controlled environment to examine the interaction s between radiolabeled compounds and biological systems. \n\nOur research group has developed a computational extension to the TOPAS Monte Carlo too lkit to model irradiation experiments involving in vitro cell adherent lay ers. We have built a new geometry for monolayer cells\, assumed as identic al cylinders in a regular layout. Also\, our tool simulates the time evolu tion of radioactive decay\, particularizing results in time steps for the entire decay chain of a given radionuclide. Thus\, the extension recreates the temporal evolution of irradiation conditions by specifying the radion uclide\, the initial activity\, the number of time steps to be simulated\, and the duration of the experiment.\n \nTypically\, in vitro experiments exploring the effects of RPT have three separate processes of relevance: t he injection of the radionuclide into the culture medium\, the binding pro cess of the radiopharmaceutical to a receptor on cell membranes\, and the internalization process into the cell cytoplasm. Our simulations are corre spondingly divided into three static stages: (i) when the radiopharmaceuti cals are diluted in the medium\, for which we consider a uniform distribut ion of sources\; (ii) a second stage when the culture is washed out and th e medium replaced but no internalization has taken place yet\, for which r adioactive emissions happen from cell membranes\; and (iii) a final stage with only internalized radioactivity. With this approach\, the simulation provides dose and dose rate evolution along the experiment.\n\nRadiopharma ceutical in vitro experiments with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines\, published by Kasten et al. [1] have been recreated. In their work\, they set the duration of the first stage enabling binding processe s to 2 hours\, the second stage\, which involves the internalization proce ss to 48 h\, and during the third stage\, the cell culture was irradiating with sources along the cytoplasm for 12 days. The curve of the dose rate averaged over all cell nuclei is shown in the figure attached.\n\n[1] Kast en BB et al. “212Pb-labeled B7-H3-targeting antibody for pancreatic canc er therapy in mouse models”\, Nucl Med Biol. 58: 67-73 (2018).\n\nhttps: //indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21774/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21774/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Study of epitaxial graphene contacts for Silicon Carbide radiation dosimetry and detection DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T164500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T170000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21773@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivan Lopez Paz (IMB-CNM-CSIC)\nSilicon Carbide (SiC) is a radiation hard wide bandgap semiconductor\, which makes it an intere sting alternative for radiation detection applications such as radiotherap y instrumentation. Reducing the amount of metal over the active can positi vely affect the accuracy of the measurement.\n\nThe first SiC diodes with epitaxial graphene contacts were produced at IMB-CNM for radiation detecti on. These detector prototypes have been characterised by means of a pulsed laser transient current measurement and a radioactive alpha source\, show casing the charge collection properties. These measurements have been foll owed by a characterisation by means of a Linac at the University of Santia go de Compostela. These show a percent-level dose rate linearity of the pr ototypes\, which is promising for future iterations for the medical applic ation.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21773/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21773/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:An Ionizing Radiation Acoustics Imaging (iRAI) system for dose mon itoring in FLASH proton therapy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T114500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T120000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21772@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Teresa Rodríguez González (Massachusetts General H ospital. Harvard Medical School)\nRecently\, the use of ultra-high dose ra tes (FLASH) in radiation treatments has emerged as a new promising modalit y\, where a pulsated ultra-high dose rate (>40 Gy/s) is delivered in compa rison to conventional radiation therapy (~0.05 Gy/s). FLASH radiotherapy h as demonstrated an unprecedented ability to reduce healthy tissue toxicity while maintaining tumor control\, as shown in several in vivo preclinical [1-6] and early clinical [7] studies performed mostly with electron beams . However\, these studies have also revealed the associated risks FLASH-RT may have for clinical implementation without proper real-time “image-pu lse” guidance to mitigate discrepancies between planned and delivered do se. The clinical translation of this technique is limited by the lack of p roper dosimetric methods that can accurately measure\, in real-time\, the dose distribution in deep tissues as expected from modern proton to ensure its safe delivery in such high-risk mode [8\,9]. \nOn the other hand\, FL ASH radiotherapy using protons is expected to be the de facto therapy for deep-seated tumors and pediatric tumors\, because it can combine FLASH tis sue sparing with the spatial advantages of protons to shape the dose (Brag g peak) [10-12]. However\, its associated higher risks with respect to con ventional proton therapy without proper real-time “image-pulse” guidan ce results in barely a few preclinical studies [6\,7] of the FLASH effect\ , and just one clinical study that has recently announced the completion o f accrual for symptomatic bone metastases [13]. Therefore\, there is an ur gent need that demand investigating the unknown physical requirements (e.g .\, dose/pulse\, dose/s\, pulse width\, beam size\, etc.) of the proton be am to produce tumor control while sparing healthy tissues [14].\nThis work aims to overcome these two challenges by leveraging the concept of ionizi ng radiation acoustic dosimetry\, where acoustic waves are generated follo wing the absorption of pulsated high energy radiation. In this work\, an i onizing radiation-induced acoustic imaging (iRAI) system has been develope d to achieve real-time pulse-by-pulse 3D dose monitoring using FLASH dose rates with proton beams. Furthermore\, the combination of iRAI with an ult rasound imaging system will facilitate the mapping of dose on anatomical s tructures [15\,16]. \nThis dual system has been tested at the Massachusett s General Hospital (USA) in tissue-mimicking phantoms. A description of th e system and preliminary results will be presented. In addition\, future w ork combining proton FLASH dosimetry and its correlation to tissue damage/ toxicity response will be discussed to achieve a better understanding of t he physical requirements to produce the FLASH effect during proton deliver y.\n\nReferences \n1. Montay-Gruel et al. Radiother Oncol 124(3) (2017)\n2 . Bourhis et al. Radiother Oncol 139:11-7 (2019)\n3. Schuler et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 97(1) (2017)\n4. Diffenderfer et al. Int J Radiat O ncol 106(2) (2020)\n5. Beyreuther et al. Radiother Oncol 139 (2019)\n6. Vo zenin al. Clin Cancer Res 25(1) (2019)\n7. Bourhis et al. Radiother Oncol 139:18-22 (2019)\n8. Favaudon et al. Sci Transl Med 6(245) (2014)\n9. Fava udon et al. Cancer Radiother 19(6-7) (2015)\n10. Lin et al. Frontiers in O ncology 11 (2021)\n11. Hughes et al. Int J Mol Sci 21(18) (2020)\n12. Wu e t al. Appl Rad Oncol 10(2) (2021)\n13. Varian press reléase https://www.v arian.com/about-varian/newsroom/press-releases/varian-and-cincinnati-child rensuc-health-proton-therapy-0\n14. Vozenin et al. Radiat Res 194(6) (2020 )\n15. Oraiqat et al. Med Phys 47(10) (2020)\n16. Zhang et al. Nature Biot echnol (2023)\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21772/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21772/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Introducing AMBER (Agent-based Modeling of Biophysical Evolution a fter Radiotherapy): a computational model for tumor response to radiation DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T143000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T144500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21771@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alejandro Bertolet (Massachusetts General Hospital a nd Harvard Medical School)\nThe efficacy of radiation therapy in oncologic al treatment depends on multiple interrelated physical\, chemical\, and bi ological effects. Agent-based computational models have emerged as invalua ble tools for elucidating these intricate interactions\, although existing models predominantly rely on absorbed dose as the sole metric for predict ing tumor response. Mechanistic models that incorporate tumor microenviron mental factors into the biological response to radiation are therefore nec essary.\n\nTo address this gap\, we introduce AMBER (Agent-based Modeling of Biophysical Evolution after Radiotherapy)\, a novel hybrid computationa l framework that synergistically combines agent-based and continuum approa ches within a voxelized geometry. AMBER is engineered to simulate four fun damental mechanisms governing tumor dynamics: (i) cellular proliferation a nd migration\, (ii) microenvironmental oxygenation\, (iii) angiogenic sign aling\, and (iv) cellular fate determination. Specifically\, AMBER employs Gamma-distributed cellular division times within each voxel and diffusive migration to adjacent voxels. Oxygen distribution is calibrated through s ub-voxel simulations based on vessel density and cellular crowding\, repre sented by a Beta distribution. Angiogenesis is modeled as a directed rando m walk influenced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gradients a nd cellular crowding. Cellular vitality\, a composite metric\, is evaluate d at each time step to categorize cells as either cycling\, quiescent\, or undergoing apoptosis/necrosis.\n\nRadiation effects are incorporated usin g dose metrics obtained from the TOPAS Monte Carlo toolkit\, with cell dea th modeled as a dose-dependent phenomenon following a log-normal time dist ribution. AMBER is thus uniquely positioned to simulate the impact of frac tionated radiation doses on tumor dynamics\, taking into account both micr oenvironmental and radiosensitivity variables. Preliminary results\, depic ted in Figure 1\, demonstrate the capability of the model to simulate the effects of 6 MeV gamma irradiation over a five-day course on both cellular count and tumor volume.\n\nAMBER is designed as a modular piece of code t hought to be extended\, facilitating the future integration of high-fideli ty radiation bioeffect models such as TOPAS-nBio\, as well as models eluci dating DNA damage and repair mechanisms. This makes AMBER a versatile and comprehensive tool for advancing our understanding of the complex interpla y between radiation therapy and tumor biology.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.e s/event/7213/contributions/21771/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21771/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Proton Irradiation might trigger preferentially Homologous Recombi nation-driven DNA repair DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T094500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T100000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21770@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sonia Jimeno González (Universidad de Sevilla)\nA f ine control of DNA metabolism is needed in order to ensure genomic stabili ty\, which is compromised in cancer cells. Proton Beam Therapy (PBT) is co nsidered the most precise and less invasive form of radiation therapy avai lable nowadays for cancer treatment and it is particularly important for p aediatric cases involving brain tumours. However\, the detailed biological response triggered by PBT remains to be elucidated. We are trying to exp lore in detail the cellular response to the irradiation with protons in Hu man cell lines. Indeed\, we have already started working with cell culture s irradiated with proton beams. The irradiations were performed at CNA mak ing use of the 3 MV Tandem Accelerator and the 18 MeV Cyclotron which have provided proton beams up to 4 MeV and 18 MeV\, respectively. In both case s the beamline was optimized to ensure the irradiation of cell cultures wi th an accurate and homogeneous dose. Indeed\, we have a very preliminary yet highly interesting observation that might indicate that the DSBs produ ced by protons might be channelled preferentially through the homologous r ecombination pathway.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contribution s/21770/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21770/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:PenG4: Integration of the PENELOPE physics models and class-II tra nsport algorithm in Geant4 simulations DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T084500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21766@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Miguel Antonio Cortes-Giraldo (Universidad de Sevill a)\n**Introduction**\nThe Fortran Monte Carlo code PENELOPE is widely used in radiation therapy physics as it implements the most reliable interacti on models of electron\, positron and gamma currently available for general purpose radiation transport codes. The transport of charged particles is modeled with a class-II algorithm in which “hard” interactions are sam pled from the relevant restricted differential cross sections. In this wor k\, we describe and validate the PenG4 package\, a full translation of all PENELOPE physics subroutines\, including interaction models and class-II transport algorithm\, to C++ classes adapted to the specific structure of the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit.\n\n**Design of C++ classes and coupling to Geant4**\nThe translation of the Fortran code PENELOPE includes all the i nteraction models and class-II transport mechanics implemented in PENELOPE for electrons\, positrons and gammas travelling in arbitrary materials. I n order to use the class-II transport algorithm without interfering with t he native algorithm of Geant4\, dedicated “PENELOPE-like” particles cl asses were derived from *G4ParticleDefinition* base class. All the PENELOP E physics models are registered as a unique Geant4 process with a wrapper class called *PenEMProcess*. The code covers the scenario of converting a normal Geant4 particle into a PENELOPE-like particle if its energy falls b elow an energy threshold set by the user\, being 1 GeV the upper limit\; t his is implemented by a “single-body decay” process called *PenPartCon vertProcess*. If a particle becomes a PENELOPE-like particle\, it is track ed as such until the end of its trajectory. A physics list constructor cal led PenelopeEMPhysics is responsible of the appropriate process registrati on and energy threshold definition for the conversion into a PENELOPE-like particle. Moreover\, the materials used in the geometry model must be reg istered as PENELOPE materials to load all the properties calculated in PEN ELOPE from its own material database and set the PENELOPE transport parame ters.\n\n**Validation**\nPenG4 has been verified with adaptations of examp les included in the PENELOPE public distribution and in the Geant4 toolkit . We covered various cases of a pencil beam impinging on a cylindrical geo metry\, composed by one or more different materials\, as shown in [1]. We also verified dose-point kernel (DPK) curves against reference calculation s carried out with Geant4 and EGSnrc. Calculations carried out with PenG4 agreed with those obtained with PENELOPE within statistical uncertainties. \n\n**Conclusions**\nWith the aim of incorporating all the functionalities and reliability of PENELOPE code into a Geant4 application\, we translate d the PENELOPE physics and class-II tracking subroutines to C++ classes so that they can be used as an additional physics list constructor. The PenG 4 package\, including code examples\, is currently available at https://gi tlab.com/miancortes/PenG4 and has been tested since Geant4 version 10.6 to the most recent one.\n\n**References**\n[1] M. Asai et al.\, *Front. Phys . (Lausanne)*\, 9: 738735 (2021).\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/ contributions/21766/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21766/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:First in-vitro proton FLASH irradiation with a clinical synchrocyc lotron on healthy and cancerous lung cell lines DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T111500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T113000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21765@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ines del Monte (Grupo de Física Nuclear e IPARCOS\, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas\, Universidad Complutense de Madrid)\n**Pur pose** \nFLASH radiotherapy (RT) is a promising technique in radiotherapy\ , where ultra-high dose rates (>40 Gy/s) have demonstrated\, in *in-vitro* and animal studies\, a protective effect on healthy tissues\, while maint aining isoefficacy with conventional (CONV) RT in treating tumors. We perf ormed several biological essays with proton beams at FLASH vs CONV dose ra tes\, using healthy lung fibroblasts and lung cancer cells to study potent ial biological mechanisms that could be at the root of the FLASH effect.\n \n**Materials and methods**\nHealthy lung fibroblasts (IMR90) and lung ade nocarcinoma cells (A549) were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS u nder standard culturing conditions. Before irradiation\, 9.6M cells were c ollected and pellet in eppendorf vials and irradiated with proton beams at the IBA proteusOne in Quironsalud. \nFLASH irradiations (>800 Gy/s averag e dose rate\, dose range 0-12 Gy) with a 230-MeV beam were performed at th e synchrocyclotron room of the facility using a portable 3D-printed system to degrade the beam and position the samples. CONV rate irradiations (\n\ nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21765/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21765/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Updating the GOS for ionisation and excitation of liquid water: ne w proton impact cross section dataset relevant for Geant4-DNA DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T090000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T091500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21764@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A. Damián Domínguez Muñoz (Universidad de Sevilla )\nThe processes involved in the passage of radiation through matter is of great interest in medical radiation physics among other areas. Monte Carl o codes are widely used in research fields such as micro/nanodosimetry and computational radiobiology\, which demand an accurate modelling of the in teraction cross sections in liquid water and other materials of interest. In Geant4-DNA\, the physical processes are simulated together with the rad iation-induced physico-chemistry and chemistry processes for water radioly sis at sub-cellular scale\, all of which contributes to the later damage c aused to DNA. At present\, no cross sections for the interaction of ions i n liquid water have been experimentally determined. Up to our knowledge\, the only data available are for the impact of ions in water vapour and the se are scarce. Because of this\, great efforts have been made to model int eractions of radiation with liquid water.\n\nIn particular\, the extension of the ionisation and excitation models for proton above 100 MeV was perf ormed by the authors of this work [1]\, using the Relativistic Plane Wave Born Approximation (RPWBA) [2]. This theory separates the contribution to the DDCS of the projectile and the medium\, being the last one represented by the generalized oscillator strength (GOS). The latter plays a key role on the determination of the cross section. For a condensed medium\, its c omputation by means of first quantum principles become unfeasible because it is necessary to deal with a many-particle system. Fortunately\, the GOS can be computed from the dielectric function (DF) of the medium. The impl emented cross section datasets were computed used a GOS model for liquid w ater based on ideas developed in previous works [3\,4].\n\nHere\, a new ex tended optical-data GOS based on Drude functions is presented and used to characterize the most recent available data for the liquid water DF [4]\, which has not been done previously. This update allows to compute a new da taset of cross sections\, which is in good agreement with the experimental data available in water vapour as a reference. Furthermore\, the stopping power computed with this model for relativistic proton energies are in ex cellent agreement with the ICRU report 90 within 1%\, validating the datas et also for the higher energy regime.\n\n[1] A.D. Domínguez-Muñoz et al. Radiation Physics and Chemistry\, 199\, 110363 (2022).\n[2] F. Salvat et al. NIM-B\, 316\, 144-159 (2013).\n[3] M. Dingfelder et al. Radiation Phys ics and Chemistry\, 59\, 3\, 255-275 (2000).\n[4] D. Emfietzoglou et al. R adiation Research\, 188\, 3\, 355-368 (2017).\n[5] H. Hayashi et al. J. Ph ys. Chem. B\, 119\, 17\, 5609-5623 (2015).\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/ev ent/7213/contributions/21764/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21764/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Monte Carlo simulation of the water equivalent ratio for therapeut ical proton beams in cortical bone DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T091500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T093000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21763@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ana María Zamora-Vinaroz (Universidad de Murcia)\nT he use of energetic ions in radiotherapy\, including protons\, has several advantages when compared with conventional treatments. The great targetin g precision of ion beams comes from their reduced angular scattering\, as well as the fact that they deposit the main part of their energy at the en d of their trajectories\, giving place to the depth-dose curve known as th e Bragg peak. These facts make protons optimal particles to treat deep-sea ted tumors while minimizing the damage on the surrounding healthy tissues. In addition\, physics is essential in the task of understanding not only the cellular damaging processes\, but also the fundamental aspects involve d in the energy deposition by primary ion beams in biologically relevant m aterials[1].\nThis work shows the simulated Bragg curves for swift proton beams\, for different energies characteristic of protontherapy\, interacti ng with biologically relevant materials such as liquid water[2] and cortic al bone[3]\, with the aim of determining the relevant quantity known as wa ter equivalent ratio (WER). The depth-dose distributions are obtained with the simulation code SEICS (Simulation of Energetic Ions and Clusters thro ugh Solids)\, which has been developed by our research group. This code co nsiders the energy loss due to inelastic collisions\, as well as elastic c ollisions\, the fragmentation nuclear reactions\, and the projectile elect ron capture and loss processes. It uses accurate stopping powers and energ y-loss straggling values obtained from a detailed description of the elect ronic excitation spectrum of the condensed-phase targets\, accounted for b y the MELF-GOS (Mermin Energy-Loss Function–Generalized Oscillator Stren gths) method[2].\nSimulations for relevant energies in protontherapy (of t ens and hundreds of MeV) are compared with reference simulations and exper imental data for both Bragg curves and WER values (Figs. 1 and 2\, respect ively) for liquid water and solid cortical bone\, showing a good agreement .\nThis work underlines the relevance of Monte Carlo simulations for analy zing the proton beams depth-dose distributions for the development and imp rovement of protontherapy treatments.\n\nReferences\n[1] de Vera\, P.\; Ab ril\, I.\; Garcia-Molina\, R. Radiat. Res. 2018\, 190\, 282-297.\n[2] Garc ia-Molina\, R.\; Abril\, I.\; Heredia-Avalos\, S.\; Kyriakou\, I.\; Emfiet zoglou\, D. Phys. Med. Biol. 2011\, 56\, 6475-6493.\n[3] Limandri\, S.\; d e Vera\, P.\; Fadanelli\, R.C.\; Nagamine\, L.C.C.M.\; Mello\, A.\; Garcia -Molina\, R.\; Behar\, M.\; Abril\, I. Phys. Rev. E\, 2014\, 89.\n[4] Zhan g\, X.\; Liu\, W.\; Li\, Y.\; Li\, X.\; Quan\, M.\; Mohan\, R.\; Anand\, A .\; Sahoo\, N.\; Gillin\, M.\; Zhu\, X.R. Phys. Med. Biol. 2011\, 56\, 772 5–7735.\n[5] Burin\, A.L.\; Branco\, I.S.L.\; Yoriyaz\, H. Radiat. Phys. Chem.\, 2023\, 203.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions /21763/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21763/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:A Deep Learning Approach to Proton Range Reconstruction from PET A ctivity Measurements DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T154500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231129T160000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21762@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pablo Cabrales (Grupo de Física Nuclear\, Dpto EMFT EL & IPARCOS\, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas\, Universidad Complutense de Madrid)\nProton therapy is a radiation treatment that targets tumoral canc ers more precisely than conventional radiotherapy. This is because most of the dose is deposited near the end of the proton range at the Bragg Peak. However\, different factors such as gas regions in the body\, patient mov ement\, or short-term physiological changes can produce deviations in the dose deposition. In turn\, this may lead to tumor undertreatment or damage to crucial organs. Therefore\, it is crucial that these deviations are de tected in a proton therapy treatment. \n \nAmong other methods\, it is pos sible to use positron emission tomography (PET) to estimate the dose from the generated positron emission activity that the proton beams induce. To this end\, a recent work from our group proposed using a precomputed patie nt-specific and treatment-specific Dose-Activity Dictionary (DAD). With th is DAD\, the positron activity measured using a PET scanner immediately af ter the treatment could be translated into a dose distribution. This metho d searches for the linear combination of cases that best reproduces the ob served activities. However\, the performance depends significantly on how the considered case is similar to the simulated ones.\n\nIn this work\, we propose a model based on a 3D U-Net architecture that accurately predicts the deposited dose from the activity induced by new\, non-simulated proto n beams. The U-Net can do this by capturing the high- and low-level featur es relating activity to dose at different tissues and proton beam spot dep ths. This model consists of three encoder and decoder layers and is traine d on 948 simulated activity-dose pairs from the DAD. The training is compl eted in 20 minutes using an NVIDIA V100 GPU\, which is sufficiently fast c onsidering that it would be trained on data from a CT scan obtained a day before the treatment.\n\nPreliminary results show a similar relative error distribution with respect to the previous work\, as well as range deviati ons under a millimeter. Moreover\, no signs of overfitting have been obser ved. Other recent methods\, such as diffusion models and vision transforme rs\, are being studied to further improve our model. This would increase t he robustness of this approach\, which shows promising capabilities for pr oton range verification.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contribut ions/21762/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21762/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Prototipo de sistema de dispersión pasiva para irradiación FLASH de muestras biológicas en la sala de sincrociclotrón de una instalació n clínica DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T113000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T114500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21761@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adrián Zazpe (Grupo de Física Nuclear e IPARCOS\, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas\, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Fundaci ón para la Investigación del Instituto de Salud San Carlos (IdISSC))\nOb jetivo: \nEl descubrimiento del efecto FLASH\, o el aumento potencial de l a ventana terapéutica de la radioterapia de alta tasa\, ha traído consig o la necesidad de desarrollar instalaciones donde poder llevar a cabo expe rimentos a tasas suficientemente altas (>40Gy/s). Dado que en una instalac ión de protonterapia clínica\, como el IBA proteusOne de Quironsalud\, n o es posible alcanzar tasas FLASH en sala de tratamiento sin una modificac ión sustancial del sistema\, presentamos un diseño prototipo para irradi ar muestras biológicas pequeñas con tasas FLASH\, aprovechando un espaci o existente de 4 cm a la salida del sincrociclotrón y antes del degradado r de energía (Fig 1a). \n\nMetodología: \nTras un primer estudio con pel ículas radiocrómicas (RC) en el que se determinó la óptica del haz en el punto de interés\, se desarrolló un colimador de plomo optimizado med iante simulación Monte Carlo. Adicionalmente\, se diseñó un dispositivo de posicionamiento (holder) por impresión 3D para el colimador y las mue stras biológicas\, en este caso\, esferas de células contenidas en tubos Eppendorf de 0.5 ml (Fig 1b). El sistema permite una instalación rápida y con precisión 800 Gy/s y una homogeneidad del 25%. La dosis ambiental recibida por los experimentadores fue inferior a 6 µSv.\n\nConclusiones: \nEste sistema prototipo ha demostrado ser capaz de ampliar significativam ente el campo de irradiación\, posibilitando la irradiación FLASH de mue stras biológicas en equipos clínicos de protonterapia sin necesidad de a lteraciones en el sistema. Esto sienta las bases para una investigación d etallada y eficiente de los efectos biológicos inducidos por la técnica FLASH en un entorno clínico.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/cont ributions/21761/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21761/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Characterization of novel silicon microdosimeter using the IBIC te chnique DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T163000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T164500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21760@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carmen Torres Muñoz (Centro Nacional de Aceleradore s (CNA))\nProton therapy is one of the radiotherapy options currently avai lable\, which has significant advantages over conventional photon therapy. In order to assess the beam dose delivered to the patients at the cellula r level during the hadrontherapy treatments\, the Instituto de Microelectr ónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM) has designed and manufactured a new generati on of silicon microdosimeters. The microdetectors are cylinder-shaped with a size comparable to that of human cell nuclei (20 $\\mu m$-thick\, 26 $\ \mu m$-diameter). These sensors have been characterized at the microbeam l ine of the Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA) using the Ion Beam Induce d Charge (IBIC) technique with a 1.17 MeV focused proton beam.\n\nTaking a dvantage of the fact that our system allows the acquisition of data in "ev ent-by-event" format (List mode)\, a program has been developed to obtain energy spectra from any part of the detector and for any desired dose rang e. By means of a model proposed in a previous work [1]\, based on the shap e of the energy spectrum to evaluate the radial dependence of the Charge C ollection Efficiency (CCE)\, the evolution of the CCE as a function of pro ton fluence has been studied for proton fluences up to $1.7 \\times 10^{12 } p \\cdot cm^{-2}$ (~ 16 kGy).\n\nThe pristine microdosimeter presents a nearly perfect CCE profile\, showing 100% CCE from the center to a radius of 10 microns\, and dropping sharply to zero as the edge of the detector i s approached. Moreover\, the active volume of the sensor is ≈ 95%. This behaviour has been observed up to doses about two orders of magnitude high er than those used in a clinical protontherapy treatment (~ 50 Gy)\, which indicates that the lifetime of these sensors is long enough for this appl ication. For higher doses the transport properties of the microdosimeters show a progressive degradation\, with the CCE drop being more pronounced a t the edge of the detector\, probably due to the presence of a lower elect ric field in this area\, and propagating towards the center as the proton fluence increases. \n\n[1] Bachiller-Perea et al. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Mea s. 70\, pp. 1-11\, 2021\, Art no. 6005211\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/eve nt/7213/contributions/21760/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21760/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Portable MRI indoors\, outdoors\, at home and for major sporting events DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T101500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T103000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21759@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Teresa Guallart-Naval (MRILab\, Institute for Molecu lar Instrumentation and Imaging (i3M)\, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València\, Valencia\, Spain)\nMagn etic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential tool for the diagnosis and tr eatment of numerous health conditions. However\, its use is limited to a s mall fraction of potential patients due to its high cost and lack of porta bility. Low-field (\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/ 21759/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21759/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Novel silicon carbide dosimeters for FLASH therapy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T104500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T110000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21758@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Consuelo Guardiola (IMB-CNM-CSIC)\nThe main challeng e in radiotherapy is to deposit a high enough (curative) dose in the tumor while risk organs remain at tolerable doses. Nevertheless\, delivering hi gher doses are limited by radiation-induced toxicities in the healthy tiss ues surrounding tumor. A promising approach that is facing this issue is t he FLASH therapy [2]\, which delivers ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) (≥40Gy /s)\, i.e.\, several orders of magnitude faster than the applied dose in t raditional RT (~0.05Gy/s) [1]. It points to reduce toxicities in the healt hy tissue surrounding the tumor while facilitate a better tumor response\, reducing the treatment time and therefore the organ motion-related issues . Thus\, the FLASH effect substantially can widen the therapeutic window o f radiotherapy and overcome the dose-limiting radiation toxicity\, opening a new paradigm in RT treatments. However\, enabling the clinical implemen tation of FLASH RT is very challenging and current dosimeter systems rende rs obsolete most of the available dosimetry equipment [2].\n\nThe implemen tation of FLASH therapy requires accurate real-time dosimetry. Novel Silic on carbide p-n diode dosimeters have been designed and fabricated at the I MB-CNM-CSIC\, and characterized in an ultra-high pulse dose rate electron beam. They were fabricated in 3 μm epitaxial 4H-SiC. Their characterizati on was performed in PTB’s ultra-high pulse dose rate reference electron beam. \nThe linearity of the diode response was investigated up to doses p er pulse (DPP) of 11 Gy and pulse durations ranging from 3 to 0.6 μs (Fi gure 1). The diode response was independent both of DPP and of pulse dose rate up to at least 11 Gy per pulse and 6 MGy/s\, respectively\, with tole rable deviation for relative dosimetry (\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/even t/7213/contributions/21758/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21758/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:New opto-electro-mechanical sensor for 2D-dosimetry DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T160000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T161500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21757@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Consuelo Guardiola (IMB-CNM-CSIC)\nA precise determi nation of the dose locally delivered is of interest in multiple fields. In the case of radiotherapy\, the measurement of the radiation dose ensures that the prescribed dose is properly delivered to the patient at the targe ted location. Radiochromic films (RCFs) are currently the gold‒standard (passive) detectors for the measurement of dose distribution in radiology and radiotherapy. However\, they are passive dosimeters\, i.e.\, there is a considerable delay between irradiation and corresponding readout\, and the subsequent evaluation of the dose delivered. In this context\, the tim e-delay of the radiochromic films makes them an unfeasible tool for real-t ime daily dose evaluation. In response to these issues\, we have proposed a new device based on a 2D-sensor that consists of a matrix of micro-opto- electro-mechanical (MOEM) elements [1] by using potential values of the sy stem output as dose transducer. It consists of an optical sensor with ligh t emitting diodes (LEDs) and an array of light-dependent resistors (LDRs) integrated in a fully tailored mechanical and electrical system including an in-house data analysis software and a graphical user-interface. A paten t was filled in March 2021 [2]. Thanks to the high electronic versatility of our MOEM system\, we may extend its scalable configuration to reach mu ltiple sensitive spots\, i.e. having high spatial resolution and covering large radiation areas\, which is crucial for monitoring the dose.\n\n\nThe proposal is a new system based on a 5 × 10 matrix of photodetectors cont rolled by both in-house electronic circuit and graphical user interface ( Figure 1). We present the first tests performed in an X-ray machine and 13 7Cs source with that array by using Gafchromic EBT3 films. We obtained sim ilar results than with a standard method (e.g. flat-bed scanner). Results were compared with Monte Carlo simulations and very good agreement was fou nd. Likewise\, we have verified the proper performance of the MOEM sensor in a low-energy proton beamline at CNA (Seville). The outcomes demonstrate the viability of employing this technique for additional dose map assessm ent.\n\nTo the best of our knowledge\, this is the first matrix of MOEMs a s an active 2D sensing system for fast radiochromic film analysis. Further developments are ongoing to develop a portable dosimetry tool delivering dose maps in real time.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributi ons/21757/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21757/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:First experimental microdosimetry 2D-maps in proton therapy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T161500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T163000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21756@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Consuelo Guardiola (IMB-CNM-CSIC)\nAround 40 % of pe ople surviving cancer do so because of radiotherapy. For improving this st atistic\, treatments based on hadron radiotherapy (HT) are allowing a bett er protection of the organs at risk by conforming the dose around the tumo r target [1]. Nevertheless\, some toxicities have recently been reported\ , being hypothesized that they can be due to the fact that hadrons deliver higher linear energy transfer (LET) that may generate collateral damages. Additionally\, there is a rising interest in the medical-physics communit y in placing the enhanced LET of the beam within the tumour or removing it from the most sensitive normal structures around [2]. Thus\, the experime ntal assessment of LET with high resolution would be a powerful tool to ac hieve optimized treatments. However\, there are no radiation sensors capab le of measuring the LET 2D-maps during treatments due to the technology co mplexity associated. \n\nTo face this challenge\, we have created novel s ilicon 3D-cylindrical microdetectors (25 μm diameter\, 20 μm depth\, and 200 μm pitch) specifically designed for this purpose [3-5]. In particula r\, the present work shows four new multi-array configurations of these se nsors (microdosimeters)\, first of its kind\, enable of quantifying the LE T 2D-maps in clinical conditions and covering a wide range of resolutions\ , namely: (i) a 11×11 array covering a 2 mm×2 mm radiation sensitive ar ea [2] and (ii) a linear array of 3 × 3 microdetectors with a total surfa ce of 0.4 mm×12 cm [3] (Fig. 1)\; (iii) a 5×25 pixel configuration cove ring an area of 1.9 cm × 0.1 cm and (iv) a 1×10 strip layout of 5.1 cm × 0.1 cm [4] (Fig. 2). To the best of our knowledge\, these are the large st radiation sensitive surface covered with microdosimeters by now. \n\nT hese systems have been tested in the the Accélérateur Linéaire et Tande m à Orsay facility (ALTO\, France) by irradiating them with monoenergetic proton beams from 6 to 20 MeV at clinical-equivalent fluence rates to ver ify their potential application in the medical physics field (Figure 3). L ikewise\, we have irradiated some of these sensors in the the Orsay Proton Therapy Centre (CPO\, France) with clinical fluence rates (~ 108 cm-2·s -1). The microdosimetry 2D-maps were obtained with a spatial resolution of 200 µm\, the highest achieved so far at different positions of the Bragg curve by using a water-equivalent phantom (Figure 4) [5]. We will show th e results of both sets of experiments. All the experimental results were c rosschecked with Monte Carlo simulations and also compared to literature r esults (Figure 5). \n\nWe have demonstrated for first time that we may obt ain microdosimetry distributions in two dimensions\, which would be very u seful for clinical conditions\, e.g.\, close to organs-at-risk where we ma y have heterogeneous LET distributions\, distal edges\, for further voxel- by-voxel optimization treatments\, etc. They can be used clinically as mic rodosimeters for measuring the LET distributions and\, thus contributing t o the optimization of HT treatments.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/72 13/contributions/21756/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21756/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Building a low-field dental MRI scanner DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T100000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231201T101500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21755@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jose Borreguero Morata (Tesoro Imaging SL & Institut e for Instrumentation in Molecular Imaging (Consejo Superior de Investigac iones Científicas & Universitat Politècnica de València))\nMagnetic Res onance Imaging (MRI) of hard tissues is challenging due to the short lifet ime and low strength of their resonance signals\, due to strong spin-spin couplings and proton escarcity. Thus\, the impact of MRI on some dental ap plications continues to be minor compared to X-rays techniques [1]. Howev er\, the latter employ ionizing radiation and only detect hard tissues.\n\ nMRI pulse sequences\, such as Zero Echo Time\, have demonstrated their po tential for dental imaging [2]\, but they typically rely on extremely expe nsive hardware. A clinically viable MR-based solution must be competitive also in terms of cost\, which imposes the use of weak magnetic fields (B0\ n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21755/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21755/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Positron Range Correction in PET with Neural Networks DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T090000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T091500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21754@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nerea Encina Baranda (Universidad Complutense de Mad rid)\nPositron range (PR) is one of the most important sources of resoluti on degradation in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Despite that\, most PET reconstruction software do not provide a specific accurate PR correcti on (PRC) for radionuclides with large PR such as 68Ga (including only a PR C for 18F in water)\, which impacts the accuracy of the studies. We recent ly developed Deep-PRC\, a fast and accurate PRC based on a Convolutional N eural Network (CNN)\, as a post-processing step for reconstructed PET imag es. In this work\, we introduce Deep-PRC as a useful tool for the PET comm unity.\n\nDeep-PRC is based on the CNN U-NET architecture. It was trained with a large number of 68Ga and 18F PET/CT images obtained from realistic Monte Carlo (MC) simulations from an adapted version of penEasy. As PR is a local effect\, 3D patches from the input volumes were used as training e lements. The results obtained with the trained Deep-PRC were compared agai nst a standard Richardson-Lucy (R-L) deconvolution algorithm using an isot ropic gaussian kernel as a model of the PR blurring. Trained Deep-PRC mode ls can be generated for each isotope and PET scanner and stored as HDF5 fi les. These models can be applied to correct PR effects in PET/CT studies u sing\, as input\, the reconstructed 3D PET and CT images in the most commo n medical imaging formats.\n\nWe present results for 68Ga simulated acquis itions for the preclinical Inveon PET/CT scanner. The initial 68Ga images and the PR-corrected ones obtained by Deep-PRC and the Richardson-Lucy met hod\, were compared against the 18F ones (used as a reference). The Full- Width-At-Half-Maximum (FWHM) of a small hot region was used to evaluate th e differences in the spatial resolution in each case\, while the noise was evaluated on a uniform region. Qualitatively\, there is a clear improveme nt in the image quality with the use of 3D patches for the training. Model s for other radionuclides with large PR\, such as 124I\, are being develo ped\, as well as an extensive application to preclinical and clinical stud ies.\n\nDeep-PRC provides a fast and accurate PRC method to recover the re solution loss present in PET studies with radionuclides such as 68Ga that emit positrons with large PR. A stand-alone application can apply the pret rained models to reconstructed PET/CT images to improve their accuracy wit hout compromising the image quality.\n\nhttps://indico.ific.uv.es/event/72 13/contributions/21754/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21754/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:IMAS: a total-body PET with TOF and DOI capabilities DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T084500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20231130T090000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260517T062812Z UID:indico-contribution-7213-21752@indico.ific.uv.es DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Antonio J. Gonzalez (i3M-CSIC)\nTotal-Body Positron Emission Tomography (TB-PET) technology and designs have become very popul ar in recent years. The advantages of these systems are many\, pinpointing the high sensitivity achieved by their long axial FOV and eventually TOF\ , and the capabilities to simultaneously study the kinetics of multiple or gans. Most of TB-PET designs and implementations are based on LYSO crystal pixels without DOI. In this work we present a TB-PET system based on semi -monolithic crystals and\, therefore\, simultaneously enabling TOF and dep th of interaction capabilities. Furthermore\, the design named IMAS\, make s use of a reduction of signals without compromising performance. We carri ed out exhaustive simulation studies of the system geometry\, based on 5 r ings of 10 cm in the axial direction each\, and gaps of about 5 cm\, with a total axial length of 71.4 cm. These studies confirm the good performanc e of the system in terms of spatial resolution\, sensitivity and other rel evant parameters. Moreover\, the system has been constructed and installed at the largest hospital in our region\, La Fe. Very preliminary experime ntal tests\, already predict a homogeneous spatial resolution below 4 mm i n the whole FOV. The system sensitivity is 7.6% with a source at the CFOV . The detectors reached a TOF of about 350 ps. We aim to report a full cha racterization of the scanner during the conference.\n\nhttps://indico.ific .uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21752/ LOCATION:CNA\, Sevilla URL:https://indico.ific.uv.es/event/7213/contributions/21752/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR